Jump to content

Timeline of Białystok: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m wl
No edit summary
 
(34 intermediate revisions by 13 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|None}}

:''This is a sub-article to [[History of Białystok]]''
:''This is a sub-article to [[History of Białystok]]''
The city of Białystok has existed for five centuries, during all this time the fate of the city has passed between various political and economic forces. The following is a [[:Category:City timelines|timeline]] of the [[History of Białystok|history]] of the [[List of cities and towns in Poland|city]] of [[Białystok]], [[Poland]].
The following is a [[:Category:City timelines|timeline]] of the [[History of Białystok|history]] of the [[List of cities and towns in Poland|city]] of [[Białystok]], [[Poland]].
{{Dynamic list}}
{{Dynamic list}}
{{TOC right}}
{{TOC right}}
Line 8: Line 10:


* 1320 - Settlement founded in [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 1320 - Settlement founded in [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 1569 – part of the [[Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown|Lesser Poland Province]] of the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland]]
* 1569 – part of the [[Lesser Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Lesser Poland Province]] of the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland]]
* 1692 – Białystok granted city rights by Polish King [[John III Sobieski]]
* 1692 – Białystok granted city rights by Polish King [[John III Sobieski]]
* 1697 - [[Branicki Palace, Białystok|Branicki Palace]] built.<ref name="Lerski1996">{{cite book |author= George Lerski |title=Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945|year=1996|publisher=Greenwood |isbn=978-0-313-26007-0 |chapter=Bialystok |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QTUTqE2difgC |author-link=Jerzy Jan Lerski}}</ref>
* 1697 - [[Branicki Palace, Białystok|Branicki Palace]] built.<ref name="Lerski1996">{{cite book |author= George Lerski |title=Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945|year=1996|publisher=Greenwood |isbn=978-0-313-26007-0 |chapter=Bialystok |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QTUTqE2difgC |author-link=Jerzy Jan Lerski}}</ref>
* 1745 – the first military technical school in Poland founded in Białystok<ref name=JK164>Jacek Kusznier, ''Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej'', "Maszyny Elektryczne - Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 164 (in Polish)</ref>
* 1745 – the first military technical school in Poland founded in Białystok<ref name=JK164>Jacek Kusznier, ''Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej'', "Maszyny Elektryczne - Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 164 (in Polish)</ref>
* 1748 – one of the oldest theaters in Poland, the ''Komedialnia'', founded<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bialystokonline.pl/plejada-gwiazd-w-nowym-teatrze-piotr-dabrowski-otwiera-komedialnie,artykul,68828,2,1.html|title=Plejada gwiazd w nowym teatrze. Piotr Dąbrowski otwiera Komedialnię|website=Białystok Online|accessdate=31 October 2019|language=Polish}}</ref>
* 1748 – one of the oldest theaters in Poland, the ''Komedialnia'', founded<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bialystokonline.pl/plejada-gwiazd-w-nowym-teatrze-piotr-dabrowski-otwiera-komedialnie,artykul,68828,2,1.html|title=Plejada gwiazd w nowym teatrze. Piotr Dąbrowski otwiera Komedialnię|website=Białystok Online|access-date=31 October 2019|language=pl}}</ref>
* 1749 – King [[Augustus III of Poland]] extended the city limits<ref>Jacek Kusznier, ''Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej'', "Maszyny Elektryczne - Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 163 (in Polish)</ref>
* 1749 – King [[Augustus III of Poland]] extended the city limits<ref>Jacek Kusznier, ''Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej'', "Maszyny Elektryczne - Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 163 (in Polish)</ref>
* 1753 the center of the city burns down
* 1753 - Center of the city burns down
* 1756 [[Jan Klemens Branicki]] is divorced from his third wife
* 1756 - [[Jan Klemens Branicki]], owner of Białystok, divorces his third wife
* 1763–1768 – Municipal hospital founded by Jan Klemens Branicki.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zabytek.pl/pl/obiekty/bialystok-dom-staromiejski|title=Dom staromiejski|website=Zabytek.pl|author=Grażyna Rogala|access-date=6 September 2021|language=pl}}</ref>
* 13 July 1769 – [[Battle of Białystok]] part of the [[War of the Bar Confederation]] ({{Interlanguage link multi|Battle of Białystok (1769)|pl|3=Bitwa pod Białymstokiem}})
* 13 July 1769 – {{Interlanguage link multi|Battle of Białystok (1769)|pl|3=Bitwa pod Białymstokiem}}, part of the [[War of the Bar Confederation]]
* 1770 – [[midwifery]] school founded under the auspices of [[Izabella Poniatowska]]<ref name=JK164/>
* 1770 – [[midwifery]] school founded under the auspices of [[Izabella Poniatowska]]<ref name=JK164/>
* 9 October 1771 – [[Jan Klemens Branicki]] dies
* 9 October 1771 – [[Jan Klemens Branicki]] dies
* 1776 – Polish 5th Regiment of [[Fusilier]]s of Crown Artillery stationed in Białystok.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gembarzewski|first=Bronisław|title=Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831|year=1925|language=pl|publisher=Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej|location=Warszawa|page=27}}</ref>
* 1789 – the epidemic of smallpox, the 22 children died
* 1789 – the epidemic of smallpox, the 22 children died
* [[Third Partition of Poland|third partition]] of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]] in 1795 it first belonged to the [[Kingdom of Prussia]] as the administrative seat of the [[Białystok Department]]
* 1795 – City annexed by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] in the [[Third Partition of Poland]] and made the administrative seat of the [[Białystok Department]]{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 26 January 1796 – Prussian administration takes over the town, but it remains formally owned by [[Izabella Poniatowska|Izabella Poniatowska-Branicka]]
* 26 January 1796 – Prussian administration takes over the town, but it remains formally owned by [[Izabella Poniatowska|Izabella Poniatowska-Branicka]]


Line 34: Line 38:
* 1 February 1831 – setting up headquarters in the Russian army commander, Field Marshal [[Hans Karl von Diebitsch]], whose task was to suppress the [[November Uprising]]
* 1 February 1831 – setting up headquarters in the Russian army commander, Field Marshal [[Hans Karl von Diebitsch]], whose task was to suppress the [[November Uprising]]
* 1834 – a ban on teaching in schools in the Polish language
* 1834 – a ban on teaching in schools in the Polish language
* 1842 - Town becomes capital of the [[Belostok Oblast, Russian Empire|Belostok Oblast]] of the [[Grodno Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]].
* 1842 - City becomes administratively part of the [[Grodno Governorate]].
* 1845 - Woollen mill built.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 1845 - Woollen mill built.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 1857 - Population: 13,787.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 1857 - Population: 13,787.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 15 December 1859 – [[L. L. Zamenhof|Ludwik Zamenhof]], the creator of the international language [[Esperanto]], was born
* 15 December 1859 – [[L. L. Zamenhof|Ludwik Zamenhof]], the creator of the international language [[Esperanto]], was born
* 13 June 1860 – the beginning of a patriotic demonstration under the banner of national unity and fight against colonization,
* 13 June 1860 – the beginning of a patriotic demonstration under the banner of national unity and fight against colonization,
* 1861
* 9 June 1861 – arrive in the city representative of the [[Whites (January Uprising)|Whites]], [[Andrzej Artur Zamoyski]]
** 16 March: Prayers were held by local Poles and Jews in memory of Polish protesters massacred by the Russians in [[Warsaw]] a few weeks earlier.<ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim|year=2013|language=pl|location=Białystok|publisher=Towarzystwo Opieki nad Zabytkami Oddział Białystok|page=8|isbn=978-83-88372-50-6}}</ref>
** 3 May: The Russians arrested several Polish students during the celebration of the Polish [[3 May Constitution Day]].<ref>''Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim'', p. 9</ref>
** 9 June: [[Andrzej Artur Zamoyski]], representative of the [[Whites (January Uprising)|Whites]], arrives in the city
* 1862 – Opening of the [[Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway]] through the city
* 1862 – Opening of the [[Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway]] through the city
* 24 April 1863 – the beginning of the [[January Uprising]] in the Bialystok area
* 24 April 1863 – the beginning of the Polish [[January Uprising]] in the Białystok area
* 15 February 1864 - Battle of the January Uprising was fought near Białystok.<ref>''Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim'', p. 13</ref>
* 1877 – expanding the city limits: integrated railway station, the village of Piaski and Las Zwierzyniecki
* 1877 – expanding the city limits: integrated railway station, the village of Piaski and Las Zwierzyniecki
* 1886 – the railway line Bialystok – Vawkavysk – Baranovichi
* 1886 – the railway line Bialystok – Vawkavysk – Baranovichi
* 1889 - Population: 56,629.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 1891 – Launch of the first telephone exchange
* 1891 – Launch of the first telephone exchange
* 1895 – launch of three lines of horse tram
* 1895 – launch of three lines of horse tram
Line 50: Line 59:


==20th century==
==20th century==
===1901–1939===
[[File:1900-ca-bialystok-marketplace.jpg|thumb|Białystok city center around 1900]]
[[File:1900-ca-bialystok-marketplace.jpg|thumb|Białystok city center around 1900]]
* 1901 - Population: 65,781.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 1905 - [[Chernoe Znamia]] political group formed.
* 1905 - [[Chernoe Znamia]] political group formed.
* 1906 - 14–16 June: [[Białystok pogrom]] of Jews.<ref name=yivo />
* 1906 - 14–16 June: [[Białystok pogrom]] of Jews by the Russians.<ref name=yivo />
* 1910 - [[Białystok Power Station]] commissioned.
* 1910 - [[Białystok Power Station]] commissioned.
* 1912
* 1912 - Population: 98,170.<ref>{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1921 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia |hdl=2027/njp.32101072368440 |title-link=Statesman's Year-Book }}</ref>
** Tsarist prison built.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zabytek.pl/pl/obiekty/bialystok-zespol-wiezienia-carskiego-ob-areszt-sledczy|title=Zespół więzienia carskiego, ob. areszt śledczy|website=Zabytek.pl|author=Grażyna Rogala|access-date=6 September 2021|language=pl}}</ref>
* 1913 - [[Great Synagogue, Białystok|Great Synagogue]] built.
** Population: 98,170.<ref>{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1921 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia |hdl=2027/njp.32101072368440 |title-link=Statesman's Year-Book }}</ref>
* 1915 - City becomes capital of the [[Bialystok-Grodno District]] of the [[Germany|German]]-controlled territory of [[Ober-Ost]] during [[World War I]].
* 1913
** City's first Polish scout troop founded.<ref name=jd151>{{cite book|last=Dworakowski|first=Jan|editor-last1=Cymbalisty|editor-first1=Wojciech Jan|editor-last2=Waczyński|editor-first2=Józef|year=2017|title=Polskie tradycje niepodległościowe Choroszczy i okolic|language=pl|location=Rogówek|publisher=Fundacja Pole Kultury|page=151|chapter=Początki harcerstwa na Białostocczyźnie (1913-1923)|isbn=978-83-949254-2-0}}</ref>
** [[Great Synagogue, Białystok|Great Synagogue]] built.
* 1915
** City becomes capital of the [[Bialystok-Grodno District]] of the [[Germany|German]]-controlled territory of [[Ober-Ost]] during [[World War I]].
** 29 November: Polish Real [[Gymnasium (school)|Gymnasium]] founded.<ref name=jd151/>
* 1918
** 11–13 November: Poles disarmed the Germans following the restoration of Polish independence.<ref name=jd154>Dworakowski, p. 154</ref>
** 14 November: City re-occupied by Germany.<ref name=jd154/>
* 1919
* 1919
** Białystok part of the re-established Polish state, capital of the [[Białystok Voivodeship (1919–1939)|Białystok Voivodeship]]
** Białystok part of the re-established Polish state, capital of the [[Białystok Voivodeship (1919–1939)|Białystok Voivodeship]]
** [[Osiedle Białostoczek, Białystok|Białostoczek]] becomes part of city.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}}
** [[Osiedle Białostoczek, Białystok|Białostoczek]] becomes part of city.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}}
* 1920
* 1920
** 22 September: [[Battle of Białystok]].
** 22 September: [[Battle of Białystok]] - Polish victory over the invading [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian]] forces.
** [[Jagiellonia Białystok]] football club formed.
** [[Jagiellonia Białystok]] football club formed.
[[File:Wizyta Naczelnika Państwa w Białymstoku (22-323-8).jpg|thumb|[[Józef Piłsudski]]'s visit to Białystok in 1921]]
[[File:Wizyta Naczelnika Państwa w Białymstoku (22-323-8).jpg|thumb|[[Józef Piłsudski]]'s visit to Białystok in 1921]]
* 1921 - Białystok confirmed as part of Poland.<ref name=lippincott1952 />
* 1921 - Białystok confirmed as part of Poland.<ref name=lippincott1952 />
* 1928 - [[Polmos Białystok]] founded.
* 1937 - Population: 100,101.<ref name=lippincott1952 />
* 1934 - Seweryn Nowakowski, considered one of the greatest mayors of Białystok, becomes mayor.<ref name=sw/>
* 1938 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Białystok Municipal Theatre|pl|3=Teatr Dramatyczny im. Aleksandra Węgierki w Białymstoku}} built.
* 1937
** [[Podlaska Cavalry Brigade]] of the [[Polish Army]] formed and stationed in Białystok.
** Population: 100,101.<ref name=lippincott1952 />
* 1938 - [[Aleksandr Węgierki Drama Theatre in Białystok|Białystok Municipal Theatre]] built.
===World War II (1939–1945)===
* 1939
* 1939
** [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|Soviet occupation]] after the [[invasion of Poland]]
** September: [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German occupation]] after the [[invasion of Poland]], which started [[World War II]]
** 20–21 September: The German ''[[Einsatzgruppen|Einsatzgruppe IV]]'' entered the city to commit [[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation|crimes against the population]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2009|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|page=55}}</ref>
** November: City annexed to the [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]];<ref name="Lerski1996" /> and capital of the [[Belastok Voblast]].
** 22 September: City handed over by the Germans to the Soviet Union in accordance with the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]]. Soviet occupation begins.
** October: Pre-war mayor Seweryn Nowakowski arrested by the [[NKVD]] and probably deported to the USSR; his fate remains unknown.<ref name=sw>{{cite web|url=https://dzieje.pl/wystawy/wystawa-seweryn-nowakowski-zaginiony-prezydent-bialegostoku-od-piatku|title=Wystawa "Seweryn Nowakowski – zaginiony prezydent Białegostoku" – od piątku|website=Dzieje.pl|author=Sylwia Wieczeryńska|access-date=6 September 2021|language=pl}}</ref>
** November: City annexed to the [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]];<ref name="Lerski1996" /> and capital of the [[Belastok Region]].
* 1940 - 17 July: [[Ryszard Kaczorowski]], member of the local [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|Polish resistance movement]] and future President of Poland [[Polish government-in-exile|in exile]], arrested by the [[NKVD]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uwb.edu.pl/ryszard-kaczorowski-1919-2010|title=Ryszard Kaczorowski (1919 - 2010)|website=Uniwersytet w Białymstoku|access-date=6 September 2021|language=pl}}</ref>
* 1940–1941 - Mass deportations of some 20,000 Polish citizens by the Russians from the Białystok Fabryczny railway station to the USSR, incl. [[Siberia]] (see ''[[Soviet repressions of Polish citizens (1939–1946)]]'').<ref name=dziej>{{cite web|url=https://dzieje.pl/aktualnosci/w-bialymstoku-odslonieto-pomnik-przy-dworcu-z-ktorego-odbywaly-sie-deportacje-na-wschod|title=W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik przy dworcu, z którego odbywały się deportacje na Wschód|website=Dzieje.pl|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
* 1941
* 1941
** 27 June: City [[German occupation of Poland|occupation]] by German forces begins.
** 27 June: City [[German occupation of Poland|occupation]] by German forces begins. On that day, approximately 2,000 to 3,000 of Białystok's Jews [[1941 Białystok massacres|were massacred]] by the [[Ordnungspolizei]].
** City becomes capital of [[Bezirk Białystok]].
** City becomes capital of [[Bezirk Białystok]].
** July: Jewish ghetto established by occupying Nazi Germans.<ref name=yivo>{{cite web |url=http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Białystok |title= Białystok |encyclopedia=[[The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe|Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe]] |publisher=[[Yivo Institute for Jewish Research]] |location=New York |accessdate= 30 April 2015 }}</ref>
** July: Jewish ghetto established by occupying Nazi Germans.<ref name=yivo>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Białystok |title= Białystok |encyclopedia=[[The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe|Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe]] |publisher=[[Yivo Institute for Jewish Research]] |location=New York |access-date= 30 April 2015 }}</ref>
** Autumn: Oflag 57 [[German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II|prisoner-of-war camp]] moved from [[Ostrołęka]] to Białystok.<ref name=ushm216>{{cite book|last1=Megargee|first1=Geoffrey P.|last2=Overmans|first2=Rüdiger|last3=Vogt|first3=Wolfgang|year=2022|title=The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV|publisher=Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|page=216|isbn=978-0-253-06089-1}}</ref>
* 1943 - 16 August: [[Białystok Ghetto Uprising]].<ref name="Lerski1996" />
* 1942
** 25 May: Oflag 57 POW camp dissolved.<ref name=ushm216/>
** July: Stalag 316 POW camp moved from [[Wołkowysk]] to Białystok.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Megargee|first1=Geoffrey P.|last2=Overmans|first2=Rüdiger|last3=Vogt|first3=Wolfgang|year=2022|title=The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV|publisher=Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|page=304|isbn=978-0-253-06089-1}}</ref>
** 2 November: The Germans established a [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labour]] camp for Jewish men.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=440|title=Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Bialystok|website=Bundesarchiv.de|access-date=6 September 2021|language=de}}</ref>
* 1943
** February: The German ''[[Sicherheitspolizei]]'' begins deporations of Poles including teenage boys from the local Nazi prison to the [[Stutthof concentration camp]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Drywa|first=Danuta|editor-last=Kostkiewicz|editor-first=Janina|year=2020|title=Zbrodnia bez kary... Eksterminacja i cierpienie polskich dzieci pod okupacją niemiecką (1939–1945)|language=pl|location=[[Kraków]]|publisher=[[Jagiellonian University|Uniwersytet Jagielloński]], [[Biblioteka Jagiellońska]]|page=187|chapter=Germanizacja dzieci i młodzieży polskiej na Pomorzu Gdańskim z uwzględnieniem roli obozu koncentracyjnego Stutthof}}</ref>
** 20 February: Stalag 316 POW camp dissolved.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Megargee|first1=Geoffrey P.|last2=Overmans|first2=Rüdiger|last3=Vogt|first3=Wolfgang|year=2022|title=The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV|publisher=Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|page=306|isbn=978-0-253-06089-1}}</ref>
** 16 August: [[Białystok Ghetto Uprising]].<ref name="Lerski1996" />
** 21 August: [[Transport of Białystok children]]. Jewish children deported by the occupiers from Białystok to [[Theresienstadt concentration camp]] in German-occupied Czechoslovakia.
[[File:Soviet bombing damages in German occupied Białystok 1.jpg|thumb|Soviet bombing damages in 1944]]
* 1944
* 1944
** July: occupied by the Soviets
** July: occupied by the Soviets
** mass arrests of Polish resistance members by the Soviets, around 1,200 Poles placed in the local prison by 7 November.<ref name=mz98>{{cite magazine|last=Zwolski|first=Marcin|year=2005|title=Deportacje internowanych Polakow z wojewodztwa białostockiego 1944–1945|magazine=Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość|volume=2 |language=pl|publisher=IPN|issue=8|page=98|issn=1427-7476}}</ref>
** September: the city returned to Poland, capital of the part of the [[Białystok Voivodeship (1945–75)|Białystok Voivodeship]]
** September: the city returned to Poland, although with a Soviet-installed communist regime, capital of the part of the [[Białystok Voivodeship (1945–75)|Białystok Voivodeship]]
** 8 November: deportation of 1,030 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to [[Ostashkov]].<ref name=mz98/>
** 12 November: deportation of 1,014 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.<ref name=mz99>Zwolski, p. 99</ref>
** 24 November: deportation of 900 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.<ref name=mz99/>
** 27 December: deportation of 790 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to [[Novomoskovsk, Russia|Novomoskovsk]] (then ''Stalinogorsk'').<ref name=mz99/>
* 1945 - 30 January: deportation of 1,242 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to [[Skopin, Russia|Skopin]].<ref name=mz99/>

===1945–2000===
* 1946 - Population: 56,759.<ref name=lippincott1952>{{Citation |publisher = Columbia University Press |location = New York |editor = Leon E. Seltzer |title = Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World |date = 1952 |ol=6112221M |page= 213 |chapter= Bialystok }}</ref>
* 1946 - Population: 56,759.<ref name=lippincott1952>{{Citation |publisher = Columbia University Press |location = New York |editor = Leon E. Seltzer |title = Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World |date = 1952 |ol=6112221M |page= 213 |chapter= Bialystok }}</ref>
* 1948 - [[Hetman Białystok]] football club formed.
* 1949 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Podlaskie Museum|pl|3=Muzeum Podlaskie w Białymstoku}} founded.
* 1949 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Podlaskie Museum|pl|3=Muzeum Podlaskie w Białymstoku}} founded.
* 1950 - [[Medical University of Białystok]] established.
* 1950 - [[Medical University of Białystok]] established.
* 1951 - ''[[Gazeta Współczesna]]'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name="europa2004">{{cite book|title= Europa World Year Book |year=2004|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-85743-255-8 |chapter=Poland: Directory |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=gP_-8rXzQs8C |page=3463+ }}</ref>
* 1951 - ''[[Gazeta Współczesna]]'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name="europa2004">{{cite book|title= Europa World Year Book |year=2004|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-85743-255-8 |chapter=Poland: Directory |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=gP_-8rXzQs8C |page=3463+ }}</ref>
* 1953 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Białystok Puppet Theatre|pl|3=Białostocki Teatr Lalek}} established.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://culture.pl/en/search/site/białystok |title=Culture.pl |publisher=Adam Mickiewicz Institute |location=Warsaw |accessdate= 30 April 2015 }}</ref>
* 1953 - [[Białystok Puppet Theatre]] established.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://culture.pl/en/search/site/białystok |title=Culture.pl |publisher=Adam Mickiewicz Institute |location=Warsaw |access-date= 30 April 2015 }}</ref>
* 1956 - Manifestation of support for the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]]. Mass raising of funds, food, medical supplies and [[blood donation]] for Hungarian insurgents (see also ''[[Hungary–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radio.bialystok.pl/wiadomosci/index/id/150643|title=Odsłonięto tablicę upamiętniającą solidarność białostoczan z narodem węgierskim|website=Radio Białystok|date=19 December 2017|access-date=30 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
* 1960 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Islamic Religious Community in Białystok|pl|3=Muzułmańska Gmina Wyznaniowa w Białymstoku}} established.
* 1960 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Islamic Religious Community in Białystok|pl|3=Muzułmańska Gmina Wyznaniowa w Białymstoku}} established.
* 1972 - [[Białystok City Stadium]] opens.
* 1972 - [[Białystok City Stadium]] opens.
[[File:Politechnika Białostocka - wydział informatyki.jpg|thumb|[[Bialystok University of Technology|Białystok University of Technology]]]]
[[File:BUT Campus, 09.2020, M.OBRYCKI.jpg|thumb|[[Bialystok University of Technology|Białystok University of Technology]]]]
* 1974
* 1974
** [[Bialystok University of Technology|Białystok University of Technology]] active.
** [[Bialystok University of Technology|Białystok University of Technology]] active.
Line 93: Line 143:
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Białystok History Museum|pl|3=Muzeum Historyczne w Białymstoku}} founded.
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Białystok History Museum|pl|3=Muzeum Historyczne w Białymstoku}} founded.
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Lech Rutkowski|pl}} becomes mayor.
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Lech Rutkowski|pl}} becomes mayor.
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Piłsudski monument, Białystok|pl|3=Pomnik marszałka Józefa Piłsudskiego w Białymstoku}} installed at {{Interlanguage link multi|Kościuszko Square|pl|3=Rynek Kościuszki w Białymstoku}}.
** {{Interlanguage link multi|Piłsudski monument, Białystok|pl|3=Pomnik marszałka Józefa Piłsudskiego w Białymstoku}} installed at [[Kościuszko Square in Białystok|Kościuszko Square]].
* 1991 - [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Białystok|Roman Catholic diocese of Białystok]] established.<ref name=katolsk>{{cite web |title=Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Poland |url= http://www.katolsk.no/organisasjon/verden/chronology/poland |publisher=Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese) |location=Norway |accessdate= 30 April 2015 }}</ref>
* 1991 - [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Białystok|Roman Catholic Diocese of Białystok]] established.<ref name=katolsk>{{cite web |title=Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Poland |url= http://www.katolsk.no/organisasjon/verden/chronology/poland |publisher=Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese) |location=Norway |access-date= 30 April 2015 }}</ref>
* 1992 – Roman Catholic Diocese of Białystok elevated to Archdiocese.
* 1998 - Population: 283,937 (estimate).<ref name="europa2004" />
* 1998 - Population: 283,937 (estimate).<ref name="europa2004" />
* 1999 - City becomes capital of the [[Podlaskie Voivodeship]].
* 1999 - City becomes capital of the [[Podlaskie Voivodeship]].


==21st century==
==21st century==
[[File:Bazylika w Białymstoku - Emilia Ernst.jpg|thumb|Białystok city center in 2017]]

* 2004 - City divided into 27 administrative [[Districts of Białystok|districts]].
* 2004 - City divided into 27 administrative [[Districts of Białystok|districts]].
* 2006 - [[Tadeusz Truskolaski]] becomes mayor.
* 2006 - [[Tadeusz Truskolaski]] becomes mayor.
Line 106: Line 157:
** [[The Ludwik Zamenhof Centre|Zamenhof Centre]] opens.
** [[The Ludwik Zamenhof Centre|Zamenhof Centre]] opens.
** [[World Congress of Esperanto]] held in city.
** [[World Congress of Esperanto]] held in city.
* 2011 - 4 March: Honorary Consulate of [[Croatia]] opened (see ''[[Croatia–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mvep.gov.hr/wiadomosci/bialystok-otwarcie-konsulatu/172679|title=Bialystok, otwarcie konsulatu|date=4 March 2011|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2012 - Population: 294,900.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/statistical-yearbooks/statistical-yearbooks/concise-statistical-yearbook-of-poland-2014,1,15.html |title=Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014 |publisher=[[Central Statistical Office of Poland]] |quote=Review Tables: Cities }}</ref>
* 2012 - Population: 294,900.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/statistical-yearbooks/statistical-yearbooks/concise-statistical-yearbook-of-poland-2014,1,15.html |title=Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014 |publisher=[[Central Statistical Office of Poland]] |quote=Review Tables: Cities }}</ref>
* 2013 - 10 July: Honorary Consulate of [[Finland]] opened (see ''[[Finland–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://finlandabroad.fi/web/pol/aktualnosci/-/asset_publisher/h5w4iTUJhNne/content/suomen-uusin-kunniakonsulaatti-avattiin-bialystokissa/384951|title=Najnowszy Konsulat Honorowy Finlandii otwarto w Białymstoku|website=Finland Abroad|date=11 July 2013|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2015 - December: Honorary Consulate of [[Luxembourg]] opened (see ''[[Luxembourg–Poland relations]]'').
* 2018
** 1 March: [[Danuta Siedzikówna]] monument unveiled.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bialystok.pl/pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/pomnik-inki-w-bialymstoku.html|title=Pomnik Inki w Białymstoku|website=Białystok - Oficjalny Portal Miasta|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
** 11 April: Monument to the victims of Soviet deportations of Poles during World War II unveiled at the Białystok Fabryczny railway station.<ref name=dziej/>
* 2020 - Monument to Polish mothers [[Sybirak|deported to Siberia]] unveiled.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radio.bialystok.pl/wiadomosci/index/id/189347|title=W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik upamiętniający Bohaterskie Matki Sybiraczki [zdjęcia]|website=Radio Białystok|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2021 - 19 September: [[Khachkar]] commemorating the victims of the [[Armenian genocide]] and Armenian soldiers fallen in the battle for [[Republic of Artsakh|Artsakh]] unveiled.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chaczkar stanął w Białymstoku|magazine=Awedis|issue=48|year=2021|language=pl|page=2}}</ref>
* 2022
** 29 May: Monument to soldiers of the pre-war Polish [[42nd Infantry Regiment (Poland)|42nd Infantry Regiment]]-footballers of [[Jagiellonia Białystok]] unveiled in front of the [[Białystok Stadium|municipal stadium]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eska.pl/bialystok/odsloniety-zostal-pomnik-zolnierzy-42-pulku-piechoty-aa-yu2T-2odm-9Ngx.html|title=Przy stadionie odsłonięto pomnik żołnierzy 42. Pułku Piechoty|website=Eska.pl|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
** 23 June: Honorary Consulate of [[Kazakhstan]] opened (see ''[[Kazakhstan–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.pl/web/uw-podlaski/otwarcie-konsulatu-kazachstanu-w-bialymstoku|title=Otwarcie konsulatu Kazachstanu w Białymstoku|website=Portal Gov.pl|date=23 June 2022|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
** 29 June: Honorary Consulate of [[Serbia]] opened (see ''[[Poland–Serbia relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.pl/web/uw-podlaski/otwarcie-konsulatu-honorowego-republiki-serbii-w-bialymstoku|title=Otwarcie Konsulatu Honorowego Republiki Serbii w Białymstoku|website=Portal Gov.pl|date=29 June 2022|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2023
** 24 May: Polish–Uzbekistani Historical Commission founded (see ''[[Poland–Uzbekistan relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.pl/web/uzbekistan/powolanie-polsko-uzbekistanskiej-komisji-historycznej|title=Powołanie Polsko-Uzbekistańskiej Komisji historycznej|website=Portal Gov.pl|date=29 May 2023|access-date=13 September 2024|language=pl}}</ref>
** 23 November: Honorary Consulate of [[Latvia]] opened (see ''[[Latvia–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://podlaskie.eu/region/w-bialymstoku-powstal-konsulat-republiki-lotewskiej.html|title=W Białymstoku powstał Konsulat Republiki Łotewskiej|website=Podlaskie.eu|date=23 November 2023|access-date=13 September 2024|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2024 - 25 May: [[Jagiellonia Białystok]] won its first [[List of Polish football champions|Polish football championship]].


==See also==
==See also==
Line 118: Line 185:
==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}
{{Refbegin}}
* {{citation |title=Jewish Encyclopedia |location=New York |author= |volume=3 |year= 1907 |chapter= Byelostok
* {{citation |title=Jewish Encyclopedia |location=New York |volume=3 |year= 1907 |chapter= Byelostok
|hdl=2027/osu.32435029752920 |title-link=Jewish Encyclopedia }}
|hdl=2027/osu.32435029752920 |title-link=Jewish Encyclopedia }}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Byelostok |volume= 4 | page = 895 |date=1910 |ref= {{harvid|Britannica|1910}} |short= 1}}
* {{Citation
| title = Encyclopædia Britannica
| location = New York
| date = 1910
| edition=11th
| oclc = 14782424
| via= [[Internet Archive]]
|chapterurl =https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri04chisrich#page/895/mode/1up |chapter =Byelostok
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
| title-link = Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition
}}
* {{Cite book |publisher = [[List of Baedeker Guides|Karl Baedeker]] |location = Leipzig |title = Russia |date = 1914 |oclc = 1328163 |chapter= Bialystok |via=HathiTrust
* {{Cite book |publisher = [[List of Baedeker Guides|Karl Baedeker]] |location = Leipzig |title = Russia |date = 1914 |oclc = 1328163 |chapter= Bialystok |via=HathiTrust
|hdl = 2027/gri.ark:/13960/t6zw2kd65 }}
|hdl = 2027/gri.ark:/13960/t6zw2kd65 }}
* {{Citation |publisher = Russian Outlook |author=William Henry Beable |date = 1919 |location = London |title = Russian Gazetteer and Guide |chapter= Byelystok |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/russiangazetteer00beabiala#page/58/mode/2up }}
* {{Citation |publisher = Russian Outlook |author=William Henry Beable |date = 1919 |location = London |title = Russian Gazetteer and Guide |chapter= Byelystok |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/russiangazetteer00beabiala#page/58/mode/2up }}
* {{cite book|author= Rebecca Kobrin |title=Jewish Bialystok and its Diaspora|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S9B1C3Q08o8C|date=7 May 2010|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-00428-4
* {{cite book|author= Rebecca Kobrin |title=Jewish Bialystok and its Diaspora|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S9B1C3Q08o8C|date=7 May 2010|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-00428-4
}}
}}


{{refend}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Białystok}}
{{Commons category|History of Białystok}}
* [http://dp.la/item/176a7327e0d7005ef169be2c2394d2ed Map of Bialystok], 1967 (via [[Digital Public Library of America]])
* [http://dp.la/item/176a7327e0d7005ef169be2c2394d2ed Map of Bialystok], 1967 (via [[Digital Public Library of America]])


Line 151: Line 209:
[[Category:History of Białystok| ]]
[[Category:History of Białystok| ]]
[[Category:Timelines of cities in Poland|Bialystok]]
[[Category:Timelines of cities in Poland|Bialystok]]
[[Category:Polish history timelines|Bialystok]]
[[Category:Years in Poland]]
[[Category:Years in Poland]]

Latest revision as of 09:25, 13 September 2024

This is a sub-article to History of Białystok

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Białystok, Poland.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century

[edit]
Part of a series on the
History of Poland
Topics
Prehistory and protohistory
Middle Ages
Piast period10th century–1385
Jagiellonian period1385–1572
Early Modern
Early elective monarchy1572–1648
Deluge and decline1648–1764
Three partitions1764–1795
Modern
Partitioned Poland1795–1918
World War I1914–1918
Second Republic1918–1939
World War II1939–1945
Communist Poland1945–1989
Contemporary
Third Republic1989–present

Timeline of Polish history

19th century

[edit]
  • 1805 – Institute of Obstetrics established based on the midwifery school[3]
  • 1807 - Town becomes part of Russia, per Peace of Tilsit;[1] and capital of the Belostok Oblast.
  • 14 February 1808 – Izabella Poniatowska-Branicka dies
  • 3 July 1812 – Napoleon's army enters the city,
  • 13 July 1812 – Declaration of the inhabitants of communication with the Commonwealth,
  • 4 August 1812 – Russian army enters the city
  • 8 August 1812 – giving a new coat of the city by Tsar Alexander I
  • 13 December 1830 – announcement of martial law by the Russian authorities in connection with the outbreak of the November Uprising,
  • 1 February 1831 – setting up headquarters in the Russian army commander, Field Marshal Hans Karl von Diebitsch, whose task was to suppress the November Uprising
  • 1834 – a ban on teaching in schools in the Polish language
  • 1842 - City becomes administratively part of the Grodno Governorate.
  • 1845 - Woollen mill built.[1]
  • 1857 - Population: 13,787.[1]
  • 15 December 1859 – Ludwik Zamenhof, the creator of the international language Esperanto, was born
  • 13 June 1860 – the beginning of a patriotic demonstration under the banner of national unity and fight against colonization,
  • 1861
    • 16 March: Prayers were held by local Poles and Jews in memory of Polish protesters massacred by the Russians in Warsaw a few weeks earlier.[8]
    • 3 May: The Russians arrested several Polish students during the celebration of the Polish 3 May Constitution Day.[9]
    • 9 June: Andrzej Artur Zamoyski, representative of the Whites, arrives in the city
  • 1862 – Opening of the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway through the city
  • 24 April 1863 – the beginning of the Polish January Uprising in the Białystok area
  • 15 February 1864 - Battle of the January Uprising was fought near Białystok.[10]
  • 1877 – expanding the city limits: integrated railway station, the village of Piaski and Las Zwierzyniecki
  • 1886 – the railway line Bialystok – Vawkavysk – Baranovichi
  • 1889 - Population: 56,629.[1]
  • 1891 – Launch of the first telephone exchange
  • 1895 – launch of three lines of horse tram
  • 1897 - Population: 63,927.[11]
  • 1898 – establishment of the Volunteer Fire Department

20th century

[edit]

1901–1939

[edit]
Białystok city center around 1900
Józef Piłsudski's visit to Białystok in 1921

World War II (1939–1945)

[edit]
Soviet bombing damages in 1944
  • 1944
    • July: occupied by the Soviets
    • mass arrests of Polish resistance members by the Soviets, around 1,200 Poles placed in the local prison by 7 November.[27]
    • September: the city returned to Poland, although with a Soviet-installed communist regime, capital of the part of the Białystok Voivodeship
    • 8 November: deportation of 1,030 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.[27]
    • 12 November: deportation of 1,014 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.[28]
    • 24 November: deportation of 900 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.[28]
    • 27 December: deportation of 790 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Novomoskovsk (then Stalinogorsk).[28]
  • 1945 - 30 January: deportation of 1,242 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Skopin.[28]

1945–2000

[edit]
Białystok University of Technology

21st century

[edit]
Białystok city center in 2017

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia.

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Britannica 1910.
  2. ^ a b c George Lerski (1996). "Bialystok". Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0.
  3. ^ a b c Jacek Kusznier, Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej, "Maszyny Elektryczne - Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 164 (in Polish)
  4. ^ "Plejada gwiazd w nowym teatrze. Piotr Dąbrowski otwiera Komedialnię". Białystok Online (in Polish). Retrieved 31 October 2019.
  5. ^ Jacek Kusznier, Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej, "Maszyny Elektryczne - Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 163 (in Polish)
  6. ^ Grażyna Rogala. "Dom staromiejski". Zabytek.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  7. ^ Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. p. 27.
  8. ^ Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim (in Polish). Białystok: Towarzystwo Opieki nad Zabytkami Oddział Białystok. 2013. p. 8. ISBN 978-83-88372-50-6.
  9. ^ Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim, p. 9
  10. ^ Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim, p. 13
  11. ^ "Russia: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1898. hdl:2027/njp.32101020157267.
  12. ^ a b "Białystok". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  13. ^ Grażyna Rogala. "Zespół więzienia carskiego, ob. areszt śledczy". Zabytek.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  14. ^ "Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
  15. ^ a b Dworakowski, Jan (2017). "Początki harcerstwa na Białostocczyźnie (1913-1923)". In Cymbalisty, Wojciech Jan; Waczyński, Józef (eds.). Polskie tradycje niepodległościowe Choroszczy i okolic (in Polish). Rogówek: Fundacja Pole Kultury. p. 151. ISBN 978-83-949254-2-0.
  16. ^ a b Dworakowski, p. 154
  17. ^ a b c Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Bialystok", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 213, OL 6112221M
  18. ^ a b Sylwia Wieczeryńska. "Wystawa "Seweryn Nowakowski – zaginiony prezydent Białegostoku" – od piątku". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  19. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 55.
  20. ^ "Ryszard Kaczorowski (1919 - 2010)". Uniwersytet w Białymstoku (in Polish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  21. ^ a b "W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik przy dworcu, z którego odbywały się deportacje na Wschód". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  22. ^ a b Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 216. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
  23. ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
  24. ^ "Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Bialystok". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  25. ^ Drywa, Danuta (2020). "Germanizacja dzieci i młodzieży polskiej na Pomorzu Gdańskim z uwzględnieniem roli obozu koncentracyjnego Stutthof". In Kostkiewicz, Janina (ed.). Zbrodnia bez kary... Eksterminacja i cierpienie polskich dzieci pod okupacją niemiecką (1939–1945) (in Polish). Kraków: Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Biblioteka Jagiellońska. p. 187.
  26. ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 306. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
  27. ^ a b Zwolski, Marcin (2005). "Deportacje internowanych Polakow z wojewodztwa białostockiego 1944–1945". Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość (in Polish). Vol. 2, no. 8. IPN. p. 98. ISSN 1427-7476.
  28. ^ a b c d Zwolski, p. 99
  29. ^ a b "Poland: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 3463+. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
  30. ^ "Culture.pl". Warsaw: Adam Mickiewicz Institute. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  31. ^ "Odsłonięto tablicę upamiętniającą solidarność białostoczan z narodem węgierskim". Radio Białystok (in Polish). 19 December 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
  32. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  33. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Poland". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  34. ^ "Bialystok, otwarcie konsulatu" (in Polish). 4 March 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  35. ^ "Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014". Central Statistical Office of Poland. Review Tables: Cities
  36. ^ "Najnowszy Konsulat Honorowy Finlandii otwarto w Białymstoku". Finland Abroad (in Polish). 11 July 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  37. ^ "Pomnik Inki w Białymstoku". Białystok - Oficjalny Portal Miasta (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  38. ^ "W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik upamiętniający Bohaterskie Matki Sybiraczki [zdjęcia]". Radio Białystok (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  39. ^ "Chaczkar stanął w Białymstoku". Awedis (in Polish). No. 48. 2021. p. 2.
  40. ^ "Przy stadionie odsłonięto pomnik żołnierzy 42. Pułku Piechoty". Eska.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  41. ^ "Otwarcie konsulatu Kazachstanu w Białymstoku". Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). 23 June 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  42. ^ "Otwarcie Konsulatu Honorowego Republiki Serbii w Białymstoku". Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). 29 June 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  43. ^ "Powołanie Polsko-Uzbekistańskiej Komisji historycznej". Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). 29 May 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2024.
  44. ^ "W Białymstoku powstał Konsulat Republiki Łotewskiej". Podlaskie.eu (in Polish). 23 November 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2024.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Białystok.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_Białystok&oldid=1245496282"