List of fascist movements by country A–F
A list of political parties, organizations, and movements adhering to various forms of fascist ideology, part of the list of fascist movements by country.
List of movements, sorted by country
[edit]| Logo | Name of movement | Country of predominant operation | Came to power? | Founded post-World War II? | Active? | General influence | Flag | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Albanian Fascist Party | Albania | Yes | No (1939) | No | Italian Fascism | 
|
Became Guard of Great Albania in 1943 |
|
|
Guard of Great Albania | Albania | Yes | No (1943) | No | Italian Fascism |
|
Evolved from the Albanian Fascist Party |
|
Argentine Fascist Party | Argentina | No | No (1932) | No | Italian Fascism | 
|
Successor of the National Fascist Party |
|
Argentine Patriotic League | Argentina | No | No (1919) | No | Clerical fascism | 
|
|
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Argentine Nationalist Action | Argentina | No | No (1932) | No | Italian Fascism | ||
| National Fascist Party | Argentina | No | No (1923) | No | Italian Fascism | 
|
||
| National Fascist Union | Argentina | No | No (1936) | No | Italian Fascism, Falangism | 
|
Successor of the Argentine Fascist Party | |
| Nationalist Liberation Alliance | Argentina | No | No (1931) | No | Italian Fascism |
|
Supported by Argentine President General José Félix Uriburu. Originally named Argentine Civic Legion from 1931 to 1937, then the Alliance of Nationalist Youth from 1937 to 1943. | |
|
New Triumph Party | Argentina | No | Yes (1990) | No | Neo-Nazism | 
|
official site |
| Patriot Front | Argentina | No | Yes (2017) | Yes | Third Position | |||
|
Republican League | Argentina | No | No (1929) | No | Italian Fascism | ||
| Tacuara Nationalist Movement | Argentina | No | Yes (1957) | No | Falangism, Fascism, Nazism[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] | 
|
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| Antipodean Resistance | Australia | No | Yes (2016) | Yes | Neo-Nazism | 
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Australia First Movement | Australia | No | No (1941) | No | Fascism, Nazism | Disbanded by the Australian government in 1942 | |
| Australian National Socialist Party | Australia | No | Yes (1962) | No | Nazism | Merged into National Socialist Party of Australia (1968). | ||
|
Centre Party | Australia | No | No (1933) | No | Fascism | 
|
Evolved from the New Guard (1931). |
| Lads Society | Australia | No | Yes (2017) | Yes | Neo-Nazism | |||
| National Socialist Party of Australia | Australia | No | Yes (1968) | No | Nazism | Broke off from Australian National Socialist Party (1962). | ||
|
Patriotic Youth League | Australia | No | Yes (2002) | Yes | Nazism | ||
| True Blue Crew | Australia | No | Yes (2014) | Yes | Neo-Nazism | |||
|
Austrian National Socialism | Austria | Yes | No (1902) | No | Nazism | ||
| National Democratic Party | Austria | No | Yes (1967) | No | Neo-Nazism | |||
|
Patriotic Front (Austria) | Austria | Yes | No (1933) | No | Austro-fascism | 
|
|
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Jeune Europe | Belgium | No | Yes (1962) | No | Neo-fascist | ||
| Mouvement d'Action Civique | Belgium | No | Yes (1960) | No | Independent, White nationalism | |||
| Parti Communautaire Européen | Belgium | No | Yes (1965) | No | National Bolshevism | Said to be part of Operation Gladio | ||
|
Parti Communautaire National-Européen | Belgium | No | Yes (1984) | Yes | National Bolshevism | Sometimes active in France | |
|
Rexist Party | Belgium | No | No (1930) | No | Rexism | 
|
|
| Vlaamse Militanten Orde | Belgium | No | Yes (1949) | No | Nationalism, Neo-Nazism | 
|
Flemish nationalist terror group | |
|
Verdinaso | Belgium | No | No (1931) | No | Independent | 
|
Merged with VNV, 1941 |
|
Flemish National Union | Belgium | No | No (1933) | No | Independent | 
|
Absorbed Verdinaso, 1941 |
|
De Vlag | Belgium | No | No (1930s?) | No | Cultural org. | Pan German | |
| Westland New Post | Belgium | No | Yes (1980s?) | No | Far-right | |||
| Falange Neounzaguista | Bolivia | No | Yes (2000) | Yes | Falangism | Successor of Falange Socialista Boliviana, official site | ||
| Bolivian Socialist Falange | Bolivia | No | No (1937) | Yes | Falangism | 
|
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| National Bolshevik Front | Bolivia | No | Yes | ? | National Bolshevism | |||
| Bosnian Movement of National Pride | Bosnia and Herzegovina | No | Yes (2009) | Yes | Third Position | |||
|
Croatian Party of Rights of Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnia and Herzegovina | No | Yes (2004) | No | Neo-Nazism / Croatian fascism | ||
|
Brazilian Integralist Action | Brazil | No | No (1932) | No | Integralism | 
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|
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Brazilian Integralist Front | Brazil | No | Yes (2005) | Yes | Integralism | ||
|
Party of Popular Representation | Brazil | No | Yes (September 26, 1945) | No | Integralism | The founder of the party Plínio Salgado was also the founder of the Brazilian Integralist Action. | |
| Bulgarian National Union – New Democracy | Bulgaria | No | Yes (1990) | Yes | Fascism Bulgarian irredentism |
BNU-ND was founded in 2014 | ||
|
National Socialist Bulgarian Workers Party | Bulgaria | No | No (1932) | No | Nazism | 
|
|
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National Social Movement | Bulgaria | No | No (1932) | No | Nazism | Founded by Aleksandar Tsankov | |
|
Union of Bulgarian National Legions | Bulgaria | No | No (1932) | No | Independent | 
|
See [7] |
|
Zveno | Bulgaria | Yes | No (1930) | No | Independent | Later became anti-fascist | |
|
Ratniks | Bulgaria | No | No (1936) | No | Nazism | 
|
|
| Aryan Guard | Canada | No | Yes (2006) | No | Independent, mostly Neo-Nazism | Calgary-based club, with an Edmonton branch. Maintains contacts with Neo-Nazi/Neo-fascist organizations. | ||
| Canadian Association for Free Expression | Canada | No | Yes (1981) | Yes | White nationalism | Signatory of the New Orleans Protocol | ||
| Canadian Nationalist Party | Canada | No | No (1933) | No | British fascism, antisemitism | Merged into the National Unity Party of Canada | ||
| Canadian Union of Fascists | Canada | No | No (1934) | No | British fascism | Affiliated with the British Union of Fascists | ||
| Heritage Front | Canada | No | Yes (1989) | No | Neo-nazi | |||
| Nationalist Party of Canada | Canada | No | Yes (1977) | Yes | Independent - has basic Nazi/fascist leanings | Successor of the Western Guard Party | ||
|
National Unity Party of Canada | Canada | No | No (1934) | No | Nazism | 
|
|
| Resistance Records | Canada | No | Yes (1993) | No | Neo-Nazism | |||
|
Union Nationale (Quebec) | Canada | No | No (1935/36) | No | Grande Noirceur, Clerical fascism[13] | The party was dissolved in 1989 but was only Fascist in 1936-1939 and 1944-1959. | |
| Western Guard Party | Canada | No | Yes (1972) | No | Independent | 
|
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| National-Socialist Party of Canada | Canada | No | Yes (2006) | Yes | Nazism | Leader Terry Tremaine is currently in jail, under no bail conditions. | ||
| White Boy Posse | Canada | No | Yes (2003) | Yes | Neo-Nazism | 
|
Organized crime group | |
|
Fatherland and Liberty | Chile | No | Yes (1971) | No | Neo-Fascism | Involved in the Tanquetazo | |
|
Movimiento Nacional Socialista de Chile | Chile | No | No (1932) | No | Nazism | 
|
Became Vanguardia Popular Socialista in 1939; more Chilean Nazi groups at [8] (in Spanish) |
| Movimiento Revolucionario Nacional Sindicalista de Chile | Chile | No | Yes (1952) | No | Falangism | Official site | ||
| Popular Socialist Vanguard | Chile | No | No (1938) | No | Fascism | Disbanded in 1942 | ||
|
Revolutionary Union | Chile | Yes | No | No | Independent | 
|
|
| Movimiento Social Patriota | Chile | No | Yes (2016) | Yes | Third Position[9] | |||
| Social Patriot Movement | Chile | No | Yes (2017) | Yes | Fascism | |||
|
Blue Shirts Society (Kuomintang) | China | No | No (1932) | No | Fascism | 
|
The Blue Shirts Society was a fascist clique within the Kuomintang.[14][15] |
| Falange Nacional Patriótica de Colombia | Colombia | No | ? (1940s) | Yes | Falangism | |||
|
Authentic Croatian Party of Rights | Croatia | No | Yes (2005) | Yes | Neo-Nazism | ||
|
Croatian Liberation Movement | Croatia | No | Yes (1956) | Yes | Neo-Fascism | 
|
|
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Croatian Party of Rights | Croatia | No | Yes (1990) | Yes | Neo-fascism | 
|
|
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Ustaše | Croatia | Yes | No (1929) | No | Nazism / Italian Fascism | 
|
|
| National Popular Front | Cyprus | No | Yes (2008) | Yes | Neo-fascism (Metaxism) | 
|
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| La Falange Cubana | Cuba | No | No (1936) | No | Falangism | Official site | ||
|
National Fascist Community (NOF) | Czechoslovakia | No | No (1926) | No | Fascism | 
|
Founded and led by Radola Gajda. |
|
Party of National Unity (SNJ) | Czechoslovakia | No | No (1938) | No | Far-right nationalism | Led by Rudolf Beran. Banned 1939. Succeeded by the National Partnership (NS). | |
|
Russian National Autonomous Party (RNAP) | Czechoslovakia | No | No (1935) | No | Russian fascism | ||
|
Sudeten German Party (SdP) | Czechoslovakia | No | No (1933) | No | Nazism | 
|
Party of the German minority. Led by Konrad Henlein. After the annexation of Czechoslovakia in 1938, SdP was merged into the NSDAP. |
|
Vlajka | Czechoslovakia | No | No (1928) | No | Fascism | 
|
Collaborationist movement. Banned 1942 |
|
Workers' Party | Czech Republic | No | Yes (2003) | No | Neo-Nazism, Ultranationalism | Banned in 2010 | |
|
Workers' Party of Social Justice | Czech Republic | No | Yes (2010) | Yes | Neo-Nazism, Ultranationalism | Successor to the Workers' Party | |
| Danish Unity (DS) | Denmark | No | No (1936) | Yes | Independent | Started as a party with fascist sympathies but became anti-fascist during the German occupation | ||
|
National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark (DNSAP) | Denmark | No | No (1930) | No | Nazism |  
|
Banned 1945. Succeeded by the National Socialist Movement of Denmark. |
|
|
National Socialist Movement of Denmark (DNSB) | Denmark | No | Yes (1991) | Yes | Neo-Nazism |  
|
Successor to the National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark. |
| Party of the Danes | Denmark | No | Yes (2011) | No | Neo-Nazism | |||
|
Young Egypt Party | Egypt | No | No (1933) | No | fascism | ||
| National Pro Patria Party[16][17][18] | El Salvador | Yes | No (1933) | No | Fascism | |||
| Blue Cross | Finland | No | No (1942) | No | Nazism | |||
| Blue-and-Black Movement | Finland | No | Yes (2021) | Yes | Neo-fascism | |||
| Finnish Labor Front | Finland | No | No (1936) | No | Nazism | |||
| Finnish National Socialist Labor Organisation | Finland | No | No (1940) | No | Nazism | |||
| Finnish People's Organisation | Finland | No | No (1933) | No | Nazism | |||
| Finnish-Socialist Workers' Party | Finland | No | No (1929) | No | Independent | |||
| Labor Organisation of Brothers-in-Arms | Finland | No | No (1942) | No | Nazism, Agrarianism | |||
| Lalli Alliance of Finland | Finland | No | No (1929) | No | Fascism | |||
|
Kohti Vapautta! | Finland | No | Yes (2019) | Yes | Neo-Nazism | 
|
|
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Lapua Movement | Finland | No | No (1929) | No | Independent | Banned 1932; Became IKL | |
| National Socialist Union of Finland | Finland | No | No (1932) | No | Strasserism | |||
| National Socialists of Finland | Finland | No | No (1941) | No | Nazism | |||
| Organisation of National Socialists | Finland | No | No (1940) | No | Nazism | |||
| Party of Finnish Labor | Finland | No | No (1932) | No | Nazism | |||
| Patriotic People's Movement (IKL) | Finland | No | No (1932) | No | Independent | Successor to Lapua Movement. Banned 1944. | ||
| Patriotic People's Movement | Finland | No | Yes (1993) | No | Neo-Nazism | Successor to IKL. | ||
| Patriotic People's Party | Finland | No | No (1932) | No | Nazism | |||
| People's Community Society | Finland | No | No (1940) | No | Nazism | |||
| Rising Finland | Finland | No | No (1940) | No | Nazism | |||
| Stormers | Finland | No | No (1933) | No | Fascism | |||
| Breton National Party | France | No | No (1931) | No | Fascist, Breton separatist | 
|
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| Groupe Charles Martel | France | No | Yes (1973) | No | Far-right | |||
| La Cagoule | France | No | No (1935) | No | Integralist | |||
|
Mouvement Franciste | France | No | No | No | Fascism | 
|
|
| Faisceau | France | No | No (1925) | No | Independent | Disbanded 1928 | ||
|
Fédération d'action nationale et européenne | France | No | Yes (1966) | No | Neo-Nazism
Pan-Europeanism |
||
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French Nationalist Party | France | No | Yes (1983) | Yes | Neo-fascism | 
|
|
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French National-Collectivist Party | France | No | No (1934) | No | Fascism | 
|
|
| French Renewal | France | No | Yes (2005) | No | Ultranationalism | 
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| Mouvement Ouvrier Social-National Breton | France | No | No (1941) | No | Fascism, Breton separatist | ("Breton Social-National Workers' Movement"), National-Bolsheviks splintering from SBB in 1941 | ||
|
|
Parti Nationaliste Français et Européen | France | No | Yes (1987) | No | Neo-Nazism | Skinhead group | |
|
|
Jeune Nation | France | No | Yes (1949) | No | Neo-fascism | ||
| L'Œuvre Française | France | No | Yes (1968) | No | Neo-Pétainism | 
|
||
|
National Popular Rally | France | Yes | No (1941) | No | Fascism, Neo-Jacobinism | 
|
|
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Ordre Nouveau | France | No | Yes (1969) | No | Neo-Fascism | 
|
|
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Parti Populaire Français | France | No | No (1936) | No | Independent | 
|
Founded by Jacques Doriot |
| Phalange Française | France | No | Yes (1955) | No | Falangism | Founded by Charles Luca, relative of French fascist Marcel Deat. | ||
| Social Bastion | France | No | Yes (2017) | No | Neo-fascism | |||
| Third Way | France | No | Yes (1985) | No | Third Position |
References
[edit]- ^ [1] Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates..., By United States Congress, 1965, Volume 111, Part 12, p.15916
- ^ O. Rich. "Tacuara! White slavery and the Nazi Party in Buenos Aires". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 2020-09-11.
- ^ Gutman, Daniel (17 January 2020). "Una cruz esvástica marcada en el pecho y la sombra de Eichmann: el estremecedor ataque a una joven judía". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2020-09-11.
- ^ "Los árabes apoyan en la ONU a los nazis de Tacuara", en La Luz, año 32, nº 816, 14 de diciembre de 1962, pp. 3 y 8 ["The Arabs Suppprt at the UN, the Nazis of Tacuara"]
- ^ [2] Edy Kaufman, Yoram Shapira, Joel Barromi: Israeli-Latin American Relations, 1979, p.87. Ahmed Shukairy. then head of the Saudi Arabian delegation, openly praised the Argentine Nazi group Tacuara. The Argentine delegate expressed dismay.
- ^ [3] Facts, Volumes 15-17, p.424, Anti-defamation League of B'nai B'rith, 1963. In 1962 at the U.N., Shukairy even went so far as to praise the militant , anti-Jewish and neo-Nazi storm troop gang in Argentina known as Tacuara.
- ^ [4] Recall of Arab Delegate from U.N. is Sought; ‘saluted’ Tacuara, JTA, December 3, 1962
- ^ [5] Chile Rebukes Arab Delegate at U.N. for ‘saluting’ Tacuara Group, JTA, December 4, 1962
- ^ [6] Israel’s Relations with Non-arab Lands in Middle East Irk Arabs, JTA, September 12, 1963. Mr. Shukairy was fired from his UN post by the Saudi Arabian Government last winter, after some Arab representatives felt he had gone too far in the diatribes against Israel by calling upon the UN to encourage formation of anti-Semitic organizations similar to the Tacuara movement in Argentina.
- ^ Levy, Richard S. (2005). Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution. ABC-CLIO. p. 697. ISBN 978-1-85109-439-4. Tacuara Movimiento Nacionalista. Tacuara, widely known for its struggle against the Jews, was a na- tionalist and neo-Nazi group that emerged in Argentina in the early 1960s.
- ^ Rotella, Sebastian (12 July 1996). "Argentine Official Quits Amid Outcry Over Neo-Nazi Past". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2020-09-11. Barra admitted belonging as a teenager to Tacuara, a neo-Nazi organization that committed acts of anti-Semitic brutality in the 1960s. As a 27-year-old student, he allegedly participated in a violent purge of a national university led by an openly fascist rector.
- ^ Nazis in Argentina | Library of Congress. (Published 1962 August 20) Photographs show members of two Nazi youth groups in Argentina, the Tacuara and the Guardia Restauradora Nacionalista. Includes members of the Tacuara in combat training outside Buenos Aires; Guardia members holding meetings; portraits of the leaders of both groups, including Tacuara leaders José Baxter and Alberto Ezcurra Uriburu, Guardia spiritual advisor Rev. Julio Meinvielle and Juan Carlos Coria, head of Guardia. Photos also show some views in Buenos Aires: a swastika painted on a city wall, a street sign smeared with tar, people walking in front of a department store advertising a close-out sale. Contributor Names: Harrington, Phillip, photographer. Created / Published 1962 Aug. 20 (date added to Look's library) Subject Headings- Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario Tacuara (Argentina)--People.- Guardia Restauradora Nacionalista (Argentina)--People.- Argentines--Political activity.- National socialists.- Youth organizations.- Argentina.- Argentina.
- ^ "Clerical fascism in Quebec".
- ^ Eastman, Lloyd (2021). "Fascism in Kuomintang China: The Blue Shirts". The China Quarterly (49). Cambridge University Press: 1–31. JSTOR 652110. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
- ^ Payne, Stanley (2021). A History of Fascism 1914-1945. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 337. ISBN 9780299148744. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
- ^ Luna, David (2000). University of El Salvador (ed.). Analisis de una dictadura fascista latinoamericana. Maximiliano Hernandez Martinez, 1931-1944.
- ^ Wood, Andrew G. (2014). Oxford University Press (ed.). Agustin Lara: A Cultural Biography. p. 99. ISBN 9780199892464.
- ^ Leonard, Thomas M.; Bratzel, John F. (2007). Rowman & Littlefield (ed.). Latin America During World War II. p. 9. ISBN 9780742537415.