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Saltsjöbanan

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Saltsjöbanan
Overview
OwnerStorstockholms Lokaltrafik
LocaleStockholm County, Sweden
Termini
  • Henriksdal
  • Saltsjöbaden/Solsidan
Stations18
Service
TypeCommuter rail (classified as light rail[1])
Operator(s)VR Group
Depot(s)Neglinge
Daily ridership17,200 boardings (2019)[2]
History
Opened1 July 1893 (1893-07-01)
Technical
Line length18.6 km (11.6 mi)
Number of tracks1
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
ElectrificationOverhead catenary;
Operating speed70 km/h (43 mph)
Train arriving at Neglinge, where the traffic control center and service depot are located

Saltsjöbanan is an electrified suburban rail system between Stockholm and Saltsjöbaden in Nacka, Sweden. It is 18.5 kilometres (11.5 mi) in length and has eighteen stations in use. An average of 17,200 boardings are made on an ordinary workday (2019).[2] The line is mostly single-track (with passing loops between Nacka and Saltsjö-Järla, and between Storängen and Saltsjö-Duvnäs), and is isolated from Sweden's national railway network, although both are built to compatible 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge. The Storstockholms Lokaltrafik (SL) classifies it as "light rail" in its maps.[3]

From January 2023 into spring 2024, the complete Saltsjöbanan is planned to be closed for reconstruction, after the westernmost section from Henriksdal to Slussen has already been suspended since 2016.[4][5]

History

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K.A. Wallenberg largely initiated and financed the project. The railway's initial purpose was to offer a quick way for stressed-out Stockholm residents to get to planned beaches and recreational facilities around Saltsjöbaden. The construction of the railway went faster than expected, but turned out to be very expensive, mostly owing to the problems building the last stretch into the city, which involved a lot of tedious work with explosives to even out the ground and to build two long tunnels, one of which was the country's longest at the time of the construction. This sudden increase in costs led the tunnels to be nicknamed "Wallenberg's downfall" (Swedish: "Wallenbergs undergång") for a while afterwards.

Saltsjöbanan was inaugurated on 1 July 1893 and was operated with steam locomotives until 1910 after which the lines were gradually electrified (circa 1 kV DC). The construction of the branch that runs from Igelboda to Solsidan (also called Vårgärdsbanan) was fully contracted to a Danish company, Brøchner-Larsen & Krogh. The branch opened in 1913.[6]

Initially the railway was operated by Järnvägs AB Stockholm-Saltsjön, and carried a great deal of profitable freight traffic. This diminished with time, and by the 1960s it was no longer breaking even, and a complete closure was considered. However, the Stockholm County Council took over the line in 1969, and today it is owned by Storstockholms Lokaltrafik (SL).

To this day, the route remains mostly unchanged since the early 1900s, but has seen slight alterations at its outer ends. In the 1940s, the western end was extended by about 400 metres (440 yards), moving its Stockholm terminus from Stadsgården to the more centrally located Slussen interchange. Conversely, the easternmost end, which once ran all the way to the Saltsjöbaden shore, for convenient transfer to archipelago ferries, now stops about 200 metres (220 yards) inland. A railway branch also used to go from slightly west of Östervik to a gravel pit in Snörom, a distance of about 3 km. It was however only used for industrial purposes. The branch was decommissioned as early as 1902 and all that remains today is a minor road with the same stretch. A Culemeyer trailer is stored a railway siding linked to the passing track near Storängen Station.

Until 2000, Saltsjöbanan also used to be connected to the Swedish national railway network via the Southern Main Line (link decommissioned 1954) as well as the Södra station–Hammarbyhamnen–Stadsgården freight branch line (sv:Industrispåret Södra station–Hammarbyhamnen–Stadsgården), which provided a connection to Stockholm South Station.

A bus running on line 25B to replace the shortened section of line 25 train

Due to the Slussen reconstruction project, the section between Henriksdal and Slussen was closed in 2016, making Henriksdal the temporary western terminus with a rail replacement bus running there. The line will be reopened when the reconstruction of Slussen is finished, possibly in 2026.[7]

From January 2023 into Spring 2024, the complete Saltsjöbanan will be closed, with trains being replaced by buses. During the 15-month-closure, passing loops will be added at Fisksätra and Tattby stops, Värmdovägen road bridge near Sickla stop will be rebuilt and Sickla stop itself is modified to provide passenger interchange to Stockholm Tunnelbana's future Blå linje branch to Nacka.[4][5]

Infrastructure

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Rolling Stock

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As of 2015, Saltsjöbanan operates two- and three-car electric multiple unit (EMU) trains, comprising C10 motor cars and C11 trailer cars. Built by ASEA between 1975 and 1976, these trains are modified versions of the C8 stock used on the Stockholm metro and have a maximum speed of 70 km/h (43 mph).

For special events, two preserved wooden train carriages from 1912-1913, originally manufactured by ASEA, are available for private rentals. These historic carriages served as the primary rolling stock on Saltsjöbanan until the C10/C11 trains were introduced in 1976.

X25

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A new fleet, designated as X25, is planned for deployment on Saltsjöbanan starting in 2028, aiming to replace the ageing C10/C11 trains and increase capacity. The X25 trains will be similar to the Roslagsbanan's X15p trains, and feature modernised interiors with improved noise reduction, accessibility, and increased seating and standing capacity to meet growing ridership demand. These trains will be configured to run as single units or in pairs of up to three cars, with each train being approximately 35 metres long and 3,250 mm wide.[8]

Delivery of the X25 trains is scheduled gradually from 2028. The X25 fleet is expected to fully replace the older stock by 2029, to allow 12-minute interval service during peak hours.[9]

Tracks and Signalling

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Saltsjöbanan upgraded to automatic train control (ATC) in 2019 after three years of construction and training, enhancing safety by enabling automatic braking at red signals and other protective measures. This modernisation significantly reduces the risk of incidents like the 2013 Saltsjöbanan train crash. By 2022, ATC was fully operational, with all trains and operators certified for the system.[10]

To accommodate the new X25 trains and support increased service frequency, further upgrades to the power supply and track infrastructure are ongoing. This includes enhancements to Saltsjöbanan's electrical system, with a planned voltage increase to 1500 V DC by 2026, along with new high-voltage cables and a rectifier station at Neglinge Depot.[11]

Accidents and incidents

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Main article: 2013 Saltsjöbanan train crash

In the early morning hours of 15 January 2013, a passenger train started to move without authorisation, with only a cleaner on board. At maximum speed, it violently overran a set of buffer stops and crashed into a block of flats in Saltsjöbaden.[12][13] The cleaner was first suspected of having stolen the train, but was later cleared of blame, as the train was then considered to have started moving due to some train malfunction and violation of safety procedures.[14]

Lines

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Geographically accurate line map of Saltsjöbanan

The main line runs from Slussen to Saltsjöbaden, while a branch line connects the intermediate station Igelboda to Solsidan. There is a rail replacement bus line 25B connecting Slussen and Henriksdal while the reconstruction of Slussen is in progress.

The line is predominantly single track with passing loops at some stations. There are two longer sections of double track between Nacka - Saltsjö-Järla and Storängen - Saltsjö-Duvnäs totalling 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) which reduces delays waiting for trains in the opposite direction. The Solsidan branch is entirely single track.

Line Route Distance Stops
25 Slussen - Saltsjöbaden 16 km 14
26 Igelboda - Solsidan 3 km 5


References

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  1. ^ "Official Map" (PDF).
  2. ^ a b "Fakta om SL och regionen 2019" (PDF) (in Swedish). Storstockholms Lokaltrafik. p. 34. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  3. ^ "Official Map" (PDF).
  4. ^ a b "Bussar ersätter tågen på Saltsjöbanan hela 2023". sl.se (in Swedish). SL Storstockholms Lokaltrafik. 2022. Retrieved 2022-11-02.
  5. ^ a b "Ombyggda stationer i Fisksätra och Tattby". regionstockholm.se (in Swedish). Region Stockholm. 2022. Retrieved 2022-11-02.
  6. ^ "Guiden till Sveriges tåg och järnvägar - järnväg.net".
  7. ^ Spetz, Lennart (13 June 2016). "Sista färden till Slussen / Tio år tills tågen når Slussen igen". Nacka Värmdö Posten (in Swedish). No. 2016–24. p. 8. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  8. ^ "Saltsjöbanan får nya tåg". Region Stockholm (in Swedish). Retrieved 2024-11-11.
  9. ^ "Saltsjöbanan får nya tåg".
  10. ^ "Nytt säkerhetssystem på Saltsjöbanan - Region Stockholm".
  11. ^ "Högspänningsprojekt Saltsjöbanan". Region Stockholm (in Swedish). Retrieved 2024-11-11.
  12. ^ "Cleaning lady steals train and crashes into house". The Local. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
  13. ^ "Stockholm train crashed into apartments 'by cleaner'". BBC News. 15 January 2013. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
  14. ^ "Cleaner in train crash cleared of suspicion". The Local. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
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