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Thorfinn
Vinland Saga character
Fictional character in the Vinland Saga series
Thorfinn as drawn by Makoto Yukimura with his four forms, as a child (bottom left), warrior (bottom right), slave (top left), and merchant (top right).
First appearanceVinland Saga chapter 1: "Normanni" (2005)
Created byMakoto Yukimura
Voiced by
Japanese
English

Thorfinn (Japanese: トルフィン, Hepburn: Torufin), also called Thorfinn Karlsefni (ソルフィン・カルルセヴニ) and Thorfinn Thordarson (ソルフィン・ソルザルソン), is a fictional character and the protagonist of the manga Vinland Saga by Makoto Yukimura. Thorfinn is introduced as a teenage warrior of Askeladd's Viking company. He hates his commander for slaying his father Thors and has sworn to kill Askeladd in a duel. To earn the right to fight such a duel, Thorfinn must complete difficult tasks for Askeladd, such as sabotage or the killing of enemy generals. After over a decade of being a Viking, the adult Thorfinn starts questioning his actions and reflects on his earlier dream of a land without violence.

Yukimura based the fictional character on Thorfinn Karlsefni, as a soldier who initially commits horrible acts as a Viking but grows up to be more caring in later chapters, trying to understand other people and redeem himself. Thorfinn is heavily influenced in this by the king of Norway Olaf Tryggvason. In the anime adaptation of Vinland Saga, multiple voice actors portray Thorfinn's child and adult personas.

Initial critical response to Thorfinn was mixed. Although his backstory and loss of innocence were considered tragic, he was criticized for his rude demeanor. Nevertheless, his fight scenes were praised. The protagonist's growth across the story arcs was praised for giving the character further depth, most notably when living as a slave. The actors voicing Thorfinn were also praised.

Creation

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Makoto Yukimura
Thorfinn Karlsefni
Makoto Yukimura (left) created the character of Thorfinn using a historical figure with the same name (right).

The concept of Thorfinn, according to Yukimura, is that of a protagonist fated to do violence.[1] Thorfinn is loosely based on the historical personage of early Vinland explorer Thorfinn Karlsefni.[2] The story of the real Thorfinn attracted Yukimura when he was reading a book. There is little information about the real Thorfinn, which gave Yukimura more freedom in developing the fictional character.[3] Several fans asked Yukimura about Thorfinn's birthday. Yukimura replied that the birth date of the real Thorfinn is not known.[4] Nevertheless, he gave his fictional Thorfinn's birthday as February 3.[5]

Yukimura's editor was against the original idea of Thorfinn being a slave; so the character was changed to that of a Viking. The author agreed as he wanted Thorfinn to come to understand the tragedy he causes as a Viking, in later parts of the narrative.[6] Yukimura believes Thorfinn's growth with fellow Viking Askeladd was well executed. Yukimura insists that when writing the characters, most of them are there to help Thorfinn's needs, with Askeladd being a rare exception, as he is both Thorfinn's mentor and an enemy. Thorfinn's and Askeladd's relationship is also meant to look like father and son, as in the beginning of the series, Yukimura was planning Askeladd's death and how Thorfinn would react to that. Another complicated relationship involves Einar and Thorfinn, as the two cannot help each other due to a dark narrative in which they are involved. Among several things Thorfinn does in the manga is learning the effects of revenge and how it affects others.[7]

The staff discussed what kind of condition Thorfinn was in as he returned from the events of the season finale. They could not use him effectively as a character without working out just how much savagery remained in him. Thorfinn's and Einar's relationship was also an essential part of the story in terms of its entertainment factor, so the staff was glad they spent so much time on it. That relationship was seen as one of the strongest parts of the anime.[8]

While Thorfinn's design changes across the manga, Yukimura paid attention to the several cuts in Thorfinn's hands, a result as a sign of his always fighting alone.[1] Thorfinn becomes an adult in the second story arc, but he shaves his beard. The author explained that the reason for causing Thorfinn to lose his beard was that it made him look too strong when he wanted Thorfinn to look weak.[9] The final story arc was heavily based on real life events as Thorfinn meets the natives of Vinland: the Mi'kmaq. In August 2023, he was conflicted about how to make this arc look more hopeful.[10]

Characterization and themes

[edit]
Makoto Yukimura
Leiv Eirikson
Thorfinn's growth was inspired by Olaf Tryggvason due to how they change from slaves to pacifists (left) while the search for Vinland serves as a major escape from the violence, a theme the author wants to focus on (right).

The early life of Thorfinn involves his desire to seek adventures around the world. His desire to be a warrior worries his father Thors who tries to educate him by claiming he should not have enemies. Yukimura emphasizes that these teachings reflect how people often feel the need to compete with each other to succeed at life. Instead, Thorfinn has to learn that he should only do things he love rather than joining the Vikings which were common in such era.[11] However, Thorfinn becomes corrupted when marauders kill his father, Thors. The young Thorfinn becomes corrupted with rage, relinquishing his humanity to become a warrior, something the first opening theme of the anime series highlights.[12] Thorfinn's relationship with his father and Askeladd was based on Yukimura's thoughts when he became a father. The author regards the father and son relationship as a common theme Vinland Saga explores.[13] Due to Thorfinn's harsh upbringing, Yukimura said there was little room for humor involving Thorfinn in the first story arc. As a result, Yukimura created more characters like Thorkell who are often the subject of comedy due to their personalities contrasting with that of Thorfinn.[14] Askeladd's death in first story arc causes a mental breakdown on the protagonist to the point it feels for him like seeing Thors dying again as a result of still feeling his enemy was another father.[11]

One of the earliest concepts when drawing Thorfinn for the manga was making a story about a slave. Despite being a slave, Thorfinn would face several challenges in reaching his goal. He was inspired by the King of Norway Olaf Tryggvason, who lost his position as a king and became a slave but managed to reacquire kingship.[15] Unlike Tryggvason, Thorfinn was written to face several new problems. Yukimura wanted Thorfinn to learn about oppression and human afflictions. Yukimura stated that Thorfinn does not have a notable skill or great strength. In order to stand out as a main character, he was written to experience the pain human beings suffer. After Thorfinn is a slave, the character grows to the point that he might be unrecognizable.[15] Thorfinn's enslavement also resulted in his being more expressive due to his wrath.[14] While Thorfinn becomes a pacifist after his time of being a slave, he still tells to himself that there are times in which violence is often needed.[11]

In the following story arcs, where Thorfinn expresses himself more frequently, Yukimura writes that the protagonist is still wrathful.[14] The vengeful hunter Hild was created to remind Thorfinn of his sins as a Viking, in the same way, that the series starts with Thorfinn wanting revenge against Askeladd.[14] Thorfinn's quest for Vinland comes from Yukimura's interest in how the people of Northern Europe reached the Americas more than 400 years earlier than Christopher Columbus' discovery. However, when he looked into it, he wondered how the Icelanders, who originally came from Norway, are going further, to Greenland and Vinland. Yukimura's thoughts about the Cold War and the September 11 attacks were projected on Thorfinn's character, who is traumatized by his actions as a Viking and thus decides to find Vinland in order to make a land where people from different races are able to live together peacefully.[16]

Thorfinn's characterization changes once again when ending his time as a slave, and he has a dream involving the creation of a peaceful country. This was inspired by an escape from European society, which, as Thorfinn, created chaos and believe there was nothing wrong with their actions. Initially, Thorfinn hates that society but is too weak to change it. This leads to how Thorfinn meets Prince Canute, who wants Thorfinn to realize his dream. Even though Thorfinn stops being a warrior, he has no right to convict others. No matter what violent enemy he meets, Thorfinn feels that he has done something worse in the past. Yukimura believes this is how Thorfinn should be written. Thorfinn's quest for redemption once grown-up is relatable to Yukimura's life due to how he has been focused on his work for two decades. Thorfinn was written to be an ideal hero, something that Yukimura finds it hard to write but believes it is his job as a write to give his readers such protagonist[1] Once the series' fourth story arc started, Yukimura reflected on Thorfinn, telling a friend that the protagonist highlights how people can change in contrast to others, such as Thorkell, who do not want to effect such change.[17] While Yukimura aims to give the manga a hopeful ending, he finds it challenging to decide on Thorfinn's destiny as the one from history suffered a tragic ending, giving the fictional Thorfinn also an apparent tragedy.[18]

Yukimura's take on Thorfinn's growth is different from the anime version, as the manga incorporates flashbacks, while the anime shows events in chronological order.[8] In episode six, the staff revealed the process of how Thorfinn, in East Anglia, gained the ability to fight, as well as his internal feelings. The staff thought the scene showed him truly stepping into the world of battle as part of Askeladd's band, showing his transformation into a warrior. Writer Hiroshi Seko enjoyed the first fight between Thorfinn and Thorkell due to how action-packed it was.[8]

Anime casting

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Japanese voice actor Yūto Uemura describes the character of Thorfinn as too violent as a result of his revenge quest. Due to Thorfinn's personality changing for the anime's second season, Uemura was conflicted with how he should sound in order to fit the protagonist. He often had discussions with the director during recordings where he insisted that Thorfinn's violent side can still be seen but wanted his portrayal to be one of a lost person. The director was pleased with the first-season Thorfinn so he was confident Uemura would properly voice him in the second season. As a result, the voice actor decided that for the second season, he would constantly show the two sides of Thorfinn's personality. In retrospect, Uemura enjoyed the fight sequences Thorfinn always had in the first season despite their brutality. He looked forward to how his character would befriend the new character of Einar, having learned that Einar would have a major impact on the protagonist.[19] Uemura had to retake several of his interactions with Naoya Uchiha, the voice actor behind Askeladd.[20]

Shizuka Ishigami voices Thorfinn as a child. She learned about this work when she was asked to audition. She heard that she was to play an innocent child, so when she glanced at the script, she was shocked when told of Thofinn's threatening death despite his young age. After that, she became concerned about the character's changes to become Uemura's incarnation. She does not think she has seen a character with so many emotions in need of catharsis. Ishigami noted that for the television series several of the director's requests were for expressing the violence required for Thorfinn's character.[20]

For the English dub, Mike Haimoto voices Thorfinn. He was surprised by the amount of violence. Director Kyle Jones oversaw the recordings and wanted Haimoto to fit the character. Haimoto claims he was lucky to have received this work. The actor was surprised by the fight choreography and the screams he often had to perform. The actor researched the internet to learn more about the character of Thorfinn, who he felt was too different from the rest of the characters featured in the anime. He was glad to get the role of protagonist, finding it unusual in his career. However, Haimoto noted that he would not portray all of Thorfinn's appearances as Thorfinn as a child is instead done by another actor.[21] He was replaced by Shannon Emerick, from the Sentai Filmworks dub, to portray Thorfinn's childhood. Emerick found the work intense and emotional and enjoyed seeing the relationship between her character and Thors.[22] When the series premiered on Netflix, a new English dub was made, where Haimoto was replaced by Aleks Le. Le was grateful for being given such an opportunity as he always wanted to voice a lead character and was a fan of Vinland Saga.[23] Laura Stahl portrays him as a child, where she had to show several vulnerable aspects of him.[24]

Appearances

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Vinland Saga

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Thorfinn is introduced as a young Viking who works for Askeladd and attempts to kill him as revenge for killing his own father, Thors.[25] As a child, Thorfinn is portrayed in flashbacks as an innocent child from Iceland who wanted to visit Vinland after listening to the adventurer Leif and who snuck onto Thors' boat, which resulted into his seeing his father's death at the hands of Askeladd's forces.[26][27] Askeladd's company find employment in 1013 AD as mercenaries under the Danish King Sweyn in the Danish invasion of London, while the British are aided by Thorkell the Tall, Thorfinn's uncle, who served with Thors with the Jomsvikings. When Thorkell's forces chase after Askeladd, Thorfinn instead faces Thorkell all alone, claiming that Askeladd is his prey. After a large fight, Thorfinn defeats Thorkell earning fame as Thorfinn Karlsefni (ソルフィン・カルルセヴニ) within the soldiers but is unable to kill his own prey.[28] Askeladd kills Sweyn during an audience, when the king announces his plan to invade Wales, feigning madness, so that prince Canute could rule the Danish-occupied parts of England without question. An angered Thorfinn attacks the prince but is stopped by Thorkell.[29][30]

A year after Askeladd's death, Thorfinn works on a farm owned by Ketil, who treats slaves well.[31] He also befriends a slave named Einar who teaches him how to farm.[32] With Einar's help, along with Snake, the farm's head of security, and Ketil's father Sverker, Thorfinn learns to let go of his dark past and pursues a life of peace, away from the Vikings' violence.[33] Canute renounces his claim to attack the farm after seeing the pacifist that Thorfinn has become.[34] With Thorfinn and Einar freed, they say their goodbyes to their friends before sailing back to Iceland with Leif, who had been searching him.[35]

Reunited with his family, Thorfinn tells of his intent to settle in Vinland and build a new life of peace.[36][37] In order to gain the funding for the trip to Vinland, Thorfinn's group plans to travel to Greece and sell Narwhal horns there. Thorfinn's crew includes new allies, the hunter Hild, whose parents were killed by Thorfinn, a young woman named Gudrid, who escaped from her fiancé and seaks to navigate, and Karli, a baby whose parents were recently killed and whom Thorfinn aims to protect. This makes Sigurd, Gudrid's fiancé, search for them.[38] They manage to escape but are still confronted by Floki and Thorkell as the Jomsvikings remember Karlsefni's power and want him back. However, Thorfinn nearly loses his pacifism when Floki orchestrated his father's death.[39][40] Thorfinn and Hild draw away the assassins, while the rest of the crew escape toward Odense.[41] Thorfinn is temporarily made leader of the Jomsvikings and carries out orders from Canute to disband the Jomsvikings and spare Floki and Baldr from execution.[42] Gudrid, admitting her feelings for Thorfinn, talks Thorkell out of a duel that Thorfinn promised, and they continue their journey to Greece.[43]

Two years later, Thorfinn's crew returns to Iceland with the wealth they acquired from selling the narwhal horns. Thorfinn and Gudrid get married and raise Karli as their son.[44] With the resources promised by Halfdan, Thorfinn begins to assemble a crew to settle in Vinland.[45] After reaching a new land, Thorfinn makes peace with the natives and starts farming the land with his family. Four years later, it is revealed that Gudrid is pregnant with his child.[46] Nevertheless, Thorfinn continuously faces conflict with his people, who want weapons to protect themselves. As tensions rise between the settlers and the natives and the fear of war between the two factions escalates, Thorfinn begins considering the possibility of leaving Vinland in order to protect the peace.[47]

Other appearances

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Yoshitsugu Matsuoka voices Thorfinn in Lord of Vermilion

In 2019, Thorfinn has appeared, in collaboration with Zombie Land Saga, as a chibi.[48] He is also present in a crossover manga with Assassin's Creed Valhalla, where he meets Eivor.[49] He was parodied in VAP's web anime Ponkotsu Quest.[50] He is also present in a crossover with the card game Lord of Vermilion.[51]

The anime's second season added more content about Thorfinn's sins, in the form of nightmares where his past persona commits murders; and, as soon as he enters into a house of his victims, he is replaced by his slave persona who is in shock upon seeing the murdered victims, due to the realization of his sins, which was praised by Yukimura for how well the MAPPA studio understood Thorfinn's mind.[52]

The stage play adaptations of the manga has Shohei Hashimoto portraying Thorfinn in the first storyarc.[53]

Reception

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Critical response

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Early response to Thorfinn's character focused on his tragic characterization, with Anime News Network noting his change of personality once his father is killed by Askeladd.[54] ComicsWorthReading said that Thorfinn is a sad character due to how he idolizes his father in his introduction and how several of his actions resulted in his father's death.[55] His dysfunctional relationship with Askeladd was often criticized for turning him into a pawn as well as his failing to avenge his father over several chapters.[56][57][58] His action scenes were praised but critics mentioned his lack of character arc.[59][60][61][62] In a more negative review, Anime UK News criticized the early characterization of Thorfinn for his dark traits, such as his moody stares or angst.[63] Polygon compared Thorfinn to The Northman's protagonists, due to their similar quests for revenge and how both are based on historical figures. Polygon further praised the relationship between Thorfinn and Askeladd, as the former sees him as both his greatest enemy and a father figure, due to the time they spend together. Thorfinn's constant questions about his father's death were noted as the most important part of the anime series since Thorfinn is unable to leave his past behind.[64] The ending of the first season of the anime led to praise from the media in regard to how the writers handled Thorfinn's character arc as he questions his own revenge when Askeladd sees him sympathetically during his last moments.[65][66][67]

The medievalist Maxime Danesin noted how the European Middle Ages are seen through the prism of Contemporary Japanese Literature, how the lack of proper knowledge about the real life of Thorfinn in The Greenlanders and Eric the Red allowed Yukimura to create a more original character, and how the main character's becoming a Viking during his youth gives him a realistic characterization. According to the writer, while Thorfinn is originally driven by revenge, the manga also explores his desire to have power similar to "those who desperately struggle to find their homelands in the 21st century 'medieval' Japan".[68]

Thorfinn's pacifism in the second story arc's climax went viral and surprised Yukimura himself due to its appeal to Western readers

Following Askeladd's death, critics were surprised by Thorfinn's quieter personality and noted that, despite his life as a slave, the plot manages to make his life with other slaves interesting.[69][70][71] The Daily Star agreed and found that Thorfinn's mundane life as a slave brings intriguing stories about "redemption and self-discovery" even if it was imperfect.[72] Anime News Network said that, when Thorfinn's innocence is lost following Thors' death, he becomes a flat character throughout most of the first story and the second, until Einar convinces him to enjoy his life despite their sadness.[73] Both Anime News Network and Fandom Post acclaimed the episode where Thorfinn realizes the mistakes of his life as a Viking and swears an oath to never use violence again, with the former site calling it the "defining episode of the entire series" due to the impact it has on the protagonist.[74][75] The Escapist Magazine said that while Thorfinn became "empty" with Askeladd's game as a theme of the revenge the anime had been exploring, his relationship with Einar helped to bring back his humanity.[76] Further exploring this subject, Yaledma Ayala Sepúlveda notes the subject is a parallelism to Thorfinn's own change of character which clashes with Canute's transformation into a rebellious corrupted man.[77] Anime News Network also noted Thorfinn and Canute devoted their own values and contradicted each other when meeting in the farm.[78] Comic Book Resources said the series' focus on violence was a charade after all and it was instead seeking freedom and Thorfinn counters Canute's ideals by searching for Vinland which the King cannot find or reach. They made the two characters similar in dreams but with different methods.[79]

In following arcs, Comic Book Resources similarly said that the series' audience will be surprised to see him turn into a pacifist soldier but that he still has problem interacting with other people to the point where he fails to start a romantic relationship with women interested in him.[2] Sportskeeda noted that Thorfinn's becoming a pacifist is highly notable in how it changes his characterization to the point of calling it one of the most interesting from seinen manga,[80] with Polygon comparing him to Shigeo Kageyama and Naruto Uzumaki's alternatives options besides violence to end conflicts; In particular, Thorfinn's new wisdom when learning about Christianity and telling Canute's army "I have no enemies" were one of the biggest highlights of the anime as a result of redefining himself rather than going back to his Viking roots.[81][82] Manga News comments that Thorfinn's pacifism is challenged as the sins he committed in his childhood are highlighted and he still fights, but avoiding casualties, making a major departure from the series' first chapters.[83] In a further analysis of the series, Comic Book Resources compared Thorfinn with the protagonists of Attack on Titan, Rurouni Kenshin, Himura Kenshin, and with Eren Yeager, due to the similar struggles in their lives.[84][85] Anime News Network said that, while Thorfinn's and Eren's origin stories are similar, they differ due to the latter's pessimistic tone, which contrasts the former's desire to grow up and live atoning for his sins in regard to how they change their outlook on war. Both the Vinland Saga and Attack on Titan theme songs have lyrics involving the war in order to further link the two protagonists, with Eren ending it with his life and Thorfinn deciding to live the rest of his life atoning for it.[86] Thorfinn's relationship with Gudrid and his constant values help to make his life more lighthearted, too.[87][88][89][90]

There was also commentary concerning the actors' portrayals of Thorfinn. The performances of Shizuka Ishigami and Yūto Uemura were praised by Anime News Network for the amount of yells the character performs.[91][92] According to voice actor Naoya Uchida (Askeladd), Uemura was quiet in the studio. He could tell that he was focusing on Thorfinn's feelings for Askeladd. Uchida believes Thorfinn's magma-like emotions accumulated and erupted, and he thinks that it was an explosive play that accumulated and erupted.[93] Meanwhile, Akio Otsuka (Thorkell) noted that Umemura worked to carefully make his dialogue fit the lipsynch even if it was not his duty, much to his surprise.[94] Kenichirou Matsuda (Thors) also praised Ishigami, due to the multiple types of emotions she is able to give Thorfinn regardless of his youth.[95]

Popularity

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Manga author Hajime Isayama said that Thorfinn is his favorite character from Vinland Saga due to his humanity and guilt.[96] Yukimura was interested in Thorfin's life as a slave, but he wondered if he could understand Thorfinn more from Einar's point of view. He was initially confused about whether or not Thorfinn's true nature would return when meeting Canute. Eventually, Isayama felt that the slave arc allowed Thorfinn to define himself as a character and become more likable, due to how he accepts having committed too many sins and wants to redeem himself. However, Isayama specifically points to how Thorfinn becomes more human the more he destroys. In response, Yukimura was worried about how readers would perceive him since he changes as the narrative goes along. Isayama further praised Thorfinn's suffering and redemption in later chapters of the manga, claiming he was moved by it.[97]

In 2023, Yukimura recalled receiving several negative responses from fans after the ending of the first story arc, as Thorfinn is no longer portrayed as a Viking and instead spends his time farming. The author apologized to the readers for such a change, but he still finds it impossible to return the series to its violent topics. Instead, Yukimura told the fanbase to consider the manga Attack on Titan for its focus on violence.[98] Following the ending of the second story arc of the series, Yukimura was surprised by the sudden rise of popularity of Thorfinn, especially within Western fans, when the protagonist tells Canute's army "I have no enemies". The same scene also went viral and was subject common posts by fans. Yukimura claimed he was really happy to hear the quote was so loved outside Japan. He expressed how he applies this phrase to calm his nerves whenever he has to speak in front of many people. In Yukimura's eyes, he has no enemies, everyone is his friend, so talking to big audiences becomes easier for him.[99] James Beckett from Anime News Network listed Thorfinn as the best character from 2023 due to his large character arc carried in the two seasons of the anime adaptation of the series praising how much more human the former Viking becomes years after working as a slave.[100] In another article, Beckett listed the scene where Thorfinn confronts Canute's soldiers as the best one from 2023 due to how he finally understood his father's lesson about what was being a warrior.[101]

For the 4th Crunchyroll Anime Awards in 2020, Thorfinn's fight against Thorkell was nominated for "Best Fight" but lost to Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba.[102] The fights between Thorfinn and Thorkell were found by ComicWorthReading to be ridiculously superheroic, as a result of the character's movements, with DualShockers listing both as among those from the first season.[103][104] Writer Hiroshi Seko believes Thorfinn's age and role in a story of Vikings to be one of the best reasons for the series' popularity.[8] The character was also ranked in the Anitrendz poll.[105]

References

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  1. ^ a b c Yukimura, Makoto (2018). Vinland Saga. Vol. 10. Kodansha Comics. p. 397. ISBN 978-1632366306.
  2. ^ a b Kurten, Guillermo (November 14, 2019). "One Piece Vinland Saga: 10 Things You Didn't Know About Thorfinn". CBR. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
  3. ^ "【インタビュー】『ヴィンランド・サガ』幸村誠「『暴力が嫌い』を描きたかったら、描く世界は暴力に満ちたほうがいい。」【アニメ化＆22巻発売記念！】". Media Comic Space (in Japanese). Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  4. ^ Yukimura, Makoto [@makotoyukimura] (February 1, 2022). "I drew Canute and Thorfinn referring to real people in the past. But I couldn't find a description of their birthday in the past literature. I also want to know their birthday" (Tweet). Retrieved September 4, 2022 – via Twitter.
  5. ^ Yukimura, Makoto [@makotoyukimura] (February 2, 2022). "よし、じゃあ…2月3日ということにしましょう。トルフィンの誕生日。" (Tweet). Retrieved September 4, 2022 – via Twitter.
  6. ^ "『アサシン クリード ヴァルハラ』×『ヴィンランド・サガ』コラボ記念特別インタビュー。作者・幸村誠先生がヴァイキングの魅力を語る。「筆を勢いよく走らせられる」のがヴァイキングを描く楽しさ". Famitsu. Retrieved August 21, 2022.
  7. ^ "【インタビュー】『ヴィンランド・サガ』幸村誠「『暴力が嫌い』を描きたかったら、描く世界は暴力に満ちたほうがいい。」【アニメ化＆22巻発売記念！】 （ページ:3）｜コミスペ！". Media Comic Space. Retrieved August 21, 2022.
  8. ^ a b c d Cardine, Cayle (August 9, 2022). "INTERVIEW: VINLAND SAGA Creator, Staff on Returning to the Viking Epic for Season". Crunchyroll. Retrieved August 16, 2022.
  9. ^ "【インタビュー】『ヴィンランド・サガ』幸村誠「『暴力が嫌い』を描きたかったら、描く世界は暴力に満ちたほうがいい。」【アニメ化＆22巻発売記念！】". Media Comic Space (in Japanese). Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  10. ^ Aoki, Deb. "Manga Was Marquee at San Diego Comic-Con". Publisher Weekly. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  11. ^ a b c ヴィンランド・サガ 公式ガイドブック (in Japanese). Kodansha. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved July 11, 2023.
  12. ^ Jing, Jacki; Loveridge, Lyenzee (October 6, 2019). "5 Best Anime Opening Songs of Summer 2019". Anime News Network. Retrieved September 5, 2022.
  13. ^ "An Interview With Vinland Saga's Author". YouTube. March 30, 2023. Retrieved March 30, 2023.
  14. ^ a b c d "【インタビュー】『ヴィンランド・サガ』幸村誠「『暴力が嫌い』を描きたかったら、描く世界は暴力に満ちたほうがいい。」【アニメ化＆22巻発売記念！】". Media Comic Space (in Japanese). Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  15. ^ a b "TV Anime 「VINLAND SAGA」SEASON 2 PROJECT MOVIE 特別インタビュー 原作：幸村誠". Youtube. June 9, 2022. Retrieved August 20, 2022.
  16. ^ "「逃げる戦士」描きたい 北欧バイキング題材に暴力の連鎖問う 幸村誠さん（漫画家）". Tokyo NP. Retrieved September 7, 2022.
  17. ^ Yukimura, Makoto [@makotoyukimura] (June 26, 2021). "「トルフィンを見てるとさぁ、人間は変わるし変われるんだなって思うよ」と先日友人に言ったら「いやお前の胸先三寸だろ作者よ」と言われ。それはちがうぞ！ボクがどう働きかけても変わらない人は変わらないのだ。トルケルとか。本人が変化や成長を望んでいるかどうかなのです。" (Tweet). Retrieved September 5, 2022 – via Twitter.
  18. ^ "INTERVIEW: Makoto Yukimura Discusses His Inspirations & Historical Research Behind Vinland Saga". Antrendz. November 22, 2023. Retrieved November 22, 2023.
  19. ^ "TV Anime「VINLAND SAGA」SEASON 2 PROJECT MOVIE 特別インタビュー トルフィン：上村祐翔". YouTube. June 10, 2022. Retrieved August 16, 2022.
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