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Flail Chest

Flail Chest is the deterioration of the thoracic rib cage or a part of it. Flail Chest can be the result of two adjacent rib cage bones breaking in more than one area. ^[1]

Symptoms

One of the symptoms of flail chest is chest pain and dyspnea. ^[2]

Patients

Approximately 1 out of 13 patients admitted to the hospital with fractured ribs are found to have flail chest. ^[3]

Causes of Flail chest

The most common reason for flail chest injuries are vehicle accidents. Vehicle accidents accounts for 76% of flail chest injuries. ^[4] Another main cause of flail chest injuries results from falling which is mainly elderly related. The elderly are more impacted by the falls as a result of their weak and frail bones, unlike their younger counterpart of who can fall without being impacted as severely. Falls account for 14% of flail chest injuries. ^[5]

Results

The death rate of patients with flail chest depends on the severity of their conditions ranging from 10-25%. ^[6]

^ Lardinois, D., T. Krueger, M. Dusmet, N. Ghisletta, M. Gugger, H.-B. Ris. Pulmonary function testing after operative stabilization of the chest wall for flail chest. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery 20. (2001). Pg 496-501.
^ Athanassiadi, Kalliopi, Michalis Gerzounis, Nikolaos Theakos. Management of 150 flail chest injuries: analysis of risk factors affecting outcome. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic surgery 26. (2004). Pg 373-376.
^ Richardson, J. David M.D, Lee Adams M.D, Lewis M. Flint, M.D. Selective Management of Flail Chest and Pulmonary Contusion. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.
^ Borman, JB, L Aharonson-Daniel, B Savitsky, et al. Unilateral flail chest is seldom a lethal injury. Emerg Med J. 23. (2006). P. 903-905.
^ Athanassiadi, Kalliopi, Michalis Gerzounis, Nikolaos Theakos. Management of 150 flail chest injuries: analysis of risk factors affecting outcome. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic surgery 26. (2004). Pg 373-376.
^ Athanassiadi, Kalliopi, Michalis Gerzounis, Nikolaos Theakos. Management of 150 flail chest injuries: analysis of risk factors affecting outcome. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic surgery 26. (2004). Pg 373-376.

[1] Lardinois, D., T. Krueger, M. Dusmet, N. Ghisletta, M. Gugger, H.-B. Ris. Pulmonary function testing after operative stabilization of the chest wall for flail chest. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery 20. (2001). Pg 496-501.

[2] Athanassiadi, Kalliopi, Michalis Gerzounis, Nikolaos Theakos. Management of 150 flail chest injuries: analysis of risk factors affecting outcome. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic surgery 26. (2004). Pg 373-376.

[3] Richardson, J. David M.D, Lee Adams M.D, Lewis M. Flint, M.D. Selective Management of Flail Chest and Pulmonary Contusion. Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.

[4] Borman, JB, L Aharonson-Daniel, B Savitsky, et al. Unilateral flail chest is seldom a lethal injury. Emerg Med J. 23. (2006). P. 903-905.

[5] Athanassiadi, Kalliopi, Michalis Gerzounis, Nikolaos Theakos. Management of 150 flail chest injuries: analysis of risk factors affecting outcome. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic surgery 26. (2004). Pg 373-376.

[6] Athanassiadi, Kalliopi, Michalis Gerzounis, Nikolaos Theakos. Management of 150 flail chest injuries: analysis of risk factors affecting outcome. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic surgery 26. (2004). Pg 373-376.

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