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Contact binaries

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Comet 67/PKuiper belt object 2014 MU69
Asteroid Itokawa
Possible contact binaries among the small Solar System bodies:

List of exceptional asteroids

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The Four Largest Asteroids
CeresVesta

Georg Wilhelm Steller

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Several animals described by and named for Georg Steller, of whom no portrait is known to exist.


original div-containers



Several animals described by and named for Georg Steller, of whom no portrait is known to exist. Clockwise from top left: Steller's sea eagle, Steller's jay, Steller's sea lion, Steller's sea cow (extinct; sketch by Steller), and Steller's eider.

List of unnumbered trans-Neptunian objects

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Core region – by inclinationFull region – by inclination
Core region – by eccentricityFull region – by eccentricity

TNOs plot — semi-major axis (a) against:

  Resonant plutinos (39 AU) and twotinos (48 AU)   Inner and outer classical objects ( < 39 and > 49 AU)   Other resonant objects besides plutinos and twotinos   Classical Kuiper belt objects (cubewanos)   Scattered disc objects (SDO)   Other TNOs (dots) and centaurs (asterisk)   Sednoids, far outside, detached objects

List of trans-Neptunian objects

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Albedo size and color
100px|link=(225088) 2007 OR10
Compilation of 15 imaged trans-Neptunian objects. The first image compares some of the largest TNOs in terms of size, color and albedo.

Original pool of potential lead-image (truncated)

  1. 15810 Arawn · File:1994 JR1 close-up from New Horizons.gif
  2. (19308) 1996 TO66 · File:(19308) 1996 TO66 imaged by NTT cut out.jpg
  3. 28978 Ixion · File:ESO asteroid 2001 KX76 phot-27a-01-normal.jpg
  4. 47171 Lempo · File:1999TC36-Trujillo-HST.png
  5. 50000 Quaoar · File:Quaoar PRC2002-17e.jpg
  6. (55565) 2002 AW197 · File:2002AW197-Spitzer.jpg
  7. (55636) 2002 TX300 · File:TX300-2009Nov16-04UT.jpg
  8. (55637) 2002 UX25 · File:20131105 2002 UX25 hst.png
  9. (84922) 2003 VS2 · File:2003VS2-mag20.jpg
  10. 90377 Sedna · File:Sedna PRC2004-14d.jpg
  11. 90482 Orcus · File:Orcus nasa.jpg
  12. Pluto · File:Nh-pluto-in-true-color 2x JPEG-edit-frame.jpg
  13. Haumea · File:2003 EL61 Haumea, with moons.jpg
  14. Eris (dwarf planet) · File:Eris and dysnomia2.jpg
  15. (225088) 2007 OR10 · 25088 Gonggong and Xiangliu by Hubble (2010).png
  16. (432949) 2012 HH2 · File:Discovery animation of the TNO 2012 HH2.gif
  17. (471143) 2010 EK139 · File:2010EK139-OCKS-KBO3.gif
  18. (486958) 2014 MU69 · File:KBO 2014 MU69 HST.jpg
  19. File:TheTransneptunians Color Distribution-2005RR43.png
  20. File:Planet nine-etnos now.png
  21. File:Celestia distant object orbits.png

Minor-planet moon (lead-images)

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  • Top: 243 Ida and its moon Dactyl as imaged by Galileo in 1993.
  • Middle: Three radar images of asteroid (66391) 1999 KW4 and its moon. The 'streaks' on the image are the moon's trail as it moved while the images were created.
  • Bottom: (357439) 2004 BL86 and its moon (left). Near-Earth encounter of asteroid (136617) 1994 CC in June 2009, showing two moons (right).

Rubble pile

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Suspected rubble piles:

NEOs

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Radar-imaging of (388188) 2006 DP14Very Large Telescope image of the very faint near-Earth asteroid 2009 FD
Near-Earth asteroid 433 Eros visited by the space probe NEAR Shoemaker (December 2000)
  • Top: Near-Earth asteroids 2006 DP14 imaged by DSN's radar antena (left) and 2009 FD seen from by the VLT (right).
  • Middle: Rotating near-Earth asteroid 433 Eros, visited by NEAR Shoemaker from a distance of 200 km.
  • Bottom: As of 2015, there are 13,534 known NEOs, divided into several orbital subgroups.[1]
Comets (NECs): 104 objects (0.8%)Apohele asteroidAten asteroidApollo asteroidsAmor asteroid
  •   Comets (NECs): 104 objects (0.8%)
  •   Atiras/Apohele: 16 objects (0.1%)
  •   Atens: 970 objects (7.2%)
  •   Apollos: 7,253 objects (53.6%)
  •   Amors: 5,191 objects (38.4%)

Geysers (lead-images)

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Geysers § Eruptions

Eruption of a geyser (clockwise from top left)
  1. Steam rises from heated water
  2. Pulses of water swell upward
  3. Surface is broken
  4. Ejected water spouts upward and falls back down into the pipe


See caption. See caption. See caption. See caption.
1. Steam rises from heated water
2. Pulses of water swell upward
3. Surface is broken
4. Ejected water spouts upward and falls back down into the pipe

Leonhard Euler Telescope

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The enclosure of the Leonhard Euler Telescope with the higher situated New Technology Telescope (NTT) in the background
The 1.2-m Leonhard Euler Telescope in its dome at La Silla Observatory
  • Top: The enclosure of the Leonhard Euler Telescope with the higher situated NTT in the background
  • Bottom: The 1.2-m Leonhard Euler Telescope in its dome at La Silla

The structure of the Sun

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Sunspots
  • Top: sunspot region 2192 during the partial solar eclipse in 2014[2] and in September 2011.
  • Middle: sunspot close-up in the visible spectrum (left) and in UV taken by the TRACE
  • Bottom: A large group of sunspots stretching about 320,000 km (200,000 mi) across.
The structure of the Sun:
1. Core
2. Radiation zone
3. Convection zone
4. Photosphere
5. Chromosphere
6. Corona
7. Sunspot
8. Granules
9. Prominence
X. Solar wind

Next-Generation Transit Survey (lead-images)

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NGST facility with the VLT (left) and VISTA (right) in the background
NGTS observations at nightEngineering rendering the facility
The array of twelve 0.2-metre robotic telescopes
  • Top: NGST facility with the VLT (left) and VISTA (right) in the background
  • Middle: Observation at night and rendering of the facility
  • Bottom: The array of twelve 0.2-meter robotic telescopes

CHARA array (lead-images)

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One of the six telescopes that are part of the astronomical interferometerLooking down on the top of Mount Wilson, including the historic 100" Hooker telescope (center), the 60" telescope (center left), and the CHARA array.
Two of the six light pipes that connect the array to the beam combining labThe Operations Center of the CHARA array at Mount Wilson Observatory
  • One of the six telescopes that are part of the astronomical interferometer (top-right)
  • Aerial view of Mount Wilson with the Hooker telescope, the 60-inch telescope and the CHARA array.
  • Two of the six light pipes that connect the array to the beam combining lab (bottom-left)
  • The Operations Center of the CHARA array at Mount Wilson Observatory (bottom-right)

Constellation (lead-images)

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The constellation of Orion, one of the most discernible in the night sky, can be seen by the naked eye.

Heliosphere (lead-images)

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Sink analogy
  • Top: the heliosphere travels through the interstellar medium (artist's concept):
    1. Termination shock: the solar wind collides for the first time with the interstellar medium, slows down and changes direction.
    2. Heliosheath: the outer region of the heliosphere; the solar wind is compressed and turbulant
    3. Heliopause: the boundary between solar wind and interstellar wind where they are in equilibrium.
    4. Bow shock: the shock wave caused by the heliosphere in the direction it travels through the interstellar medium.
  • Bottom-left: water running into a sink as an analogy for the heliosphere and its different zones
  • Bottom-right: the energy of the solar wind's particles drop drastically as the wind slows down at the termination shock

Electric cars (compilation)

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Amsterdam 06 2015 1616 (2)
Electric cars compilation draft
2013 Tesla Model S (11322176214) croppedMitsubishi i-MiEV
DCA 06 2012 Chevy Volt 4035BMW i3 01
2011 Nissan Leaf SL -- 10-28-20112013 Smart Fortwo Electric Drive -- 2012 NYIAS
2012 Ford Focus Electric 2011 LA Auto ShowBYD Electric Taxi
  • Top: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce et blandit mauris. Nulla congue ante placerat vestibulum volutpat
  • Middle: Suspendisse posuere nisl non lorem semper cursus. Morbi sed sem purus.
  • Bottom: Ut orci dolor, posuere vel lectus quis, lobortis ultricies ipsum. Ut tristique porta orci nec pulvinar.

Luna programme (lead-images)

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Luna 1
Locations of Luna landings on the Moon are marked in red; Apollo missions in green, and Surveyor in yellow.The first image ever of the far side of the Moon returned by Luna 3
Luna programme:
  1. ^ "Near-Earth Asteroid Discovery Statistics". Retrieved 2015-08-09.
  2. ^ Gentle giant sunspot region 2192
  3. ^ "Earth's Moon – Luna 3, First image of the far side of the Moon". NSSDC (NSSDC Data Set ID (Photo): 59-008A-01A). 24 March 2003. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

Star system

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  • Top: The Algol three-star system imaged in the near-infrared by the CHARA interferometer with 0.5 mas resolution in 2009. The shape of Algol C is an artifact.
  • Bottom-left: Algol A is being regularly eclipsed by the dimmer Algol B every 2.87 days. (Imaged in the H-band by the CHARA interferometer. Sudden jumps in the animation are artifacts.)
  • Bottom-right: Artist's impression of the orbits of HD 188753, a triple star system

Astronomical object (lead-images)

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Asteroid Ida with its own moonMimas, a natual satellite of Saturn
Comet LovejoyPlanet Jupiter, a gas giant
The Sun, a G-type starStar Sirius A with white dwarf companion Sirius BThe Crab Nebula, a remnant of a supernova explosion that was seen in the year 1054
Black hole (artist's animation)Vela pulsar, a rotating neutron star
Globular star clusterThe Pleiades, an open star cluster
The Whirlpool galaxyGalaxy cluster Abel 2744
Map of galaxy superclusters and filaments
Selection of astronomical objects:
  • Moon Mimas and asteroid Ida with its asteroid moon
  • Comet Lovejoy and planet Jupiter
  • The Sun, Sirius A with white dwarf Sirius B, Crab nebulae a supernova remnant
  • Pulsar, rotating neutron star and artist concept of a black hole
  • Pleiades an open star cluster and globular cluster
  • Wirlpool galaxy and galaxy cluster Abell 2744
  • Superclusters and filaments

Compilation Moon landing

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Map of landing sites on the Moon
Neil Armstrong became the first human to step onto the surface of the Moon
  • Clickable map of the locations of all successful soft landings on the Moon to date (top).

  Luna programme (USSR)
  Chang'e 3 (China)

  Surveyor program (USA)
  Apollo program (USA)

Dates are landing dates in UTC. Except for the Apollo program, all soft landings were unmanned.
  • Luna 2 was the first man-made object to reach the surface of the Moon (bottom-left). Still frame from a video transmission, taken moments before Neil Armstrong became the first human to step onto the surface of the Moon, at 02:56 UTC on 21 July 1969. An estimated 500 million people worldwide watched this event, the largest television audience for a live broadcast at that time.[1][2]
  1. ^ "Manned Space Chronology: Apollo_11". spaceline.org. Retrieved 6 February 2008.
  2. ^ "Apollo Anniversary: Moon Landing "Inspired World"". National Geographic. Retrieved 6 February 2008.

Satellite flare

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  • Top: a simulated animation of a typical Iridium flare
  • Bottom: Both images show a iridium flare. The right image also shows comet 17P/Holmes slightly above the tree branch.

Magnitude (astronomy)

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  • Top: Light sources of different magnitudes. A very bright satellite flare can be seen in the night sky.
  • Bottom: The Hubble Ultra-Deep Field detected objects as faint as 30th magnitude (left). Comet Borrelly, the colors show its brightness over the range of three orders of magnitude.

Comets revisited

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Comet Tempel collides with Deep Impact's impactorComet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko orbited by Rosetta
Comet 17P/Holmes and its blue ionized tailComet Wild 2 visited by Stardust probe
Comet-Hale-Bopp-29-03-1997 hires adjComet Lovejoy seen from orbit
Comets – nucleus, coma and tail:
Comet Tempel collides with Deep Impact's impactor Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko orbited by Rosetta Comet Lovejoy seen from orbit
Comet Wild 2 visited by Stardust probe Comet 17P/Holmes and its blue ionized tail
Comets – nucleus, coma and tail (clockwise from top left)

Wafer infobox image compilation

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polished 12" and 6" silicon wafers VLSI microcircuits fabricated on a 12 inch wafer
Solar wafers on the conveyor Completed solar wafer
  • Top: polished 12" and 6" silicon wafers. Their crystallographic orientation is marked by notches and flat cuts (left). VLSI microcircuits fabricated on a 12-inch (300 mm) silicon wafer, before dicing and packaging (right).
  • Bottom: solar wafers on the conveyor (left) and completed solar wafer (right)

Unmanned spacecraft (lead-image)

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The unmanned resupply vessel Progress M-06M Galileo space probe, prior to departure from Earth orbit in 1989
The unmanned ATV-2 Johannes Kepler approaches crewed space station International Space Station.
Space orbiter Buran launched, orbited Earth, and landed as an unmanned spacecraft in 1988 (shown here at an airshow)
  • Top: The unmanned resupply vessel Progress M-06M (upper-left). Galileo space probe, prior to departure from Earth orbit in 1989 (right). The unmanned ATV-2 Johannes Kepler approaches crewed space station ISS (lower-left).
  • Bottom: Space orbiter Buran was launched, orbited Earth, and landed as an unmanned spacecraft in 1988 (shown at an airshow).

Image collage Impact Craters

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Crater Engelier on Saturn's moon Iapetus Fresh crater on Mars showing a ray system of ejecta
Impact crater Tycho on the Moon
The Barringer Crater (Meteor Crater) east of Flagstaff, Arizona
Impact craters in the Solar System:
  • Top-left: 500-kilometer large crater Engelier on Saturn's moon Iapetus
  • Top-right: Recently formed 30-m crater on Mars showing a prominent ray system of ejecta[1]
  • Bottom-left: 50,000 year-old Barringer Crater (Meteor Crater) east of Flagstaff, Arizona, U.S.
  • Bottom-right: The prominent impact crater Tycho in the southern highlands of the Moon

Image collage Charging Station

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Tesla Roadster being charged, Iwata city, Japan Nissan Leaf recharging in Houston, Texas
Electric motorcycle at an AeroVironment station
Toyota Priuses at public station, San Francisco
Charging stations for electric vehicles:

Alternative lead image

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common barycenter (red cross)

  • Top: barycenter, top right: wobble of star from an edge-on observer, bottom: explanation of doppler shift and radial velocity
  • Middle:
  • Bottom:

Planet (lead-images)

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MercuryVenus
EarthMars
JupiterSaturn
UranusNeptune
The eight planets of the Solar System
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
Jupiter and Saturn (gas giants)
Uranus and Neptune (ice giants)

Shown in order from the Sun and in true color. Sizes are not to scale.

Growth of phtovoltaics (revised infobox)

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Worldwide Growth of Photovoltaics
Cumulative Capacity in Megawatts [MWp] Grouped by Region[1]: 17 [2]: 15 
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
  Europe
  China
Recent and Projected Capacity (MWp)
Year-end 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014e 2015p
Cumulative 40,336 70,469 100,504 138,856 180,000 234,000
Annual 17,151 30,133 30,011 38,352 40,000 54,000
Growth p.a. 134% 76% 0% 28% 5% 35%
Installed PV in Watts per Capita

Worldwid PV capacity in watts per capita by country in 2013.

   none or unknown
   0.1–10 watts
   10–100 watts
   100–200 watts
   200–400 watts
   400–600 watts
Exponential Growth on Semi-Log Plot

Exponential growth-curve on a semi-log scale, show a straight line since 1992

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference epia-2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference iea-pvps-snapshot-1992-2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Electric vehicle

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China Railways CRH5 high-speed train in Beijing Railway StationThe Nissan Leaf is the world's top-selling highway-capable all-electric car in history totaling global sales of over 165,000 units by early March 2015.[1][2]
All-electric delivery truck manufactured in the United States, operated by Toll Group in AustraliaThe BYD K9 is an all-electric bus powered with onboard Iron-phosphate battery
blblbl (from top left):
Nissan Leaf, the world's top-selling highway-capable electric car as of 2015China's high-speed train CRH5, Beijing
Electric trolleybus in São Paulo, BrazilElectric tram in Vienna
U.S. manufactured all-electric delivery truck in AustraliaBYD K9, an electric bus powered with onboard Iron-phosphate battery
The Shatabdi Express in IndiaSolar Impulse, an electric aircraft circumnavigation the globe in 2015
Chinese made electric scooter in Maringá, BrazilElectric bicycle in Manhattan, New York
Electric vehicles around the world (from top left):
  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Leaf165K was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference TopSellingEver was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

PV systems

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Solar string inverter and other BOS components in Vermont, U.S.Solar array on rooftop in Hong KongBIPV on balcony in Helsinki, Finland
Solar rooftop system in Boston, United StatesWestmill solar park in the United Kingdom
Dual axis tracker with CPV modules in Golmud, ChinaTopaz Solar Farm, one of the world’s largest PV power station, as seen from space
Large commercial flattop systemSolar farm at Mt. Komekura, JapanPV system on Germany's highest mountain-top
Photovoltaic power systems and components:

Top: solar string inverter and other BOS components · Solar array on rooftop in Honkong, China · BIPV on balcony in Helsinki, Finland
Middle: rooftop system in Boston, United States · Westmill solar park in the United Kingdom · Dual axis tracker with CPV modules · Topaz, one of the world’s largest solar power station, as seen from space
Bottom: commercial rooftop PV system of about 400 kWp · Power plant on Mt. Komekura, Japan · Solar PV system on Germany's highest mountain-top

Lakes

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Lake Fryxell, CanadaLake Mapourika, New ZealandLake at Manang, Nepal
Lakes around the world (hover with mouse over image)

 ·  ·  ·

Extremely large telescopes

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European Extremely Large Telescope (39.2m), ChileThirty Meter Telescope (30m), Hawaii
Giant Magellan Telescope (24.5m), Chile Large Binocular Telescope (2x 8.4m, 11.8m)Keck Observatory (2x10m), Hawaii
Very Large Telescope (4x 8.2m, VLTI)Gran Telescopio Canarias (10.4m)
Extremely Large Telescopes compared to some existing telescopes (hover with mouse over image)

 · European Extremely Large Telescope (top left)
 · Thirty Meter Telescope (top right)
 · Giant Magellan Telescope (bottom left)
 · Comparison: Large Binocular Telescope, Keck Observatory,    Very Large Telescope, Gran Telescopio Canarias

Largest telescopes

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Gran Telescopio Canarias, Canary IslandsKeck Telescope (two units), HawaiiSubaru Telescope, Hawaii
Hobby–Eberly Telescope, TexasLarge Binocular Telescope, ArizonaVery Large Telescope (four units), Chile
Southern African Large TelescopeGemini North Observatory, HawaiiGemini South Observatory, Chile
The world's largest optical reflecting telescopes with an aperture diameter of larger than 8 meters (hover with mouse over image)

Legend:
GTC · Keck · Subaru
HET · LBT · VLT
SALT · Gemini (N) · Gemini (S)

Native Americans

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Native Americans
Total population
American Indian and Alaska Native (2010 Census Bureau)[1]
One race: 2,932,248 are registered.
In combination with one or more of the other races listed: 2,288,331.
Total: 5,220,579.
Regions with significant populations
Predominantly in the Western United States
Languages
American English, Native American languages, Spanish
Religion
Native American Church
Protestant
Roman Catholic
Russian Orthodox
Traditional Ceremonial Ways
(Unique to Specific Tribe or Band)
Related ethnic groups
Aboriginal peoples in Canada, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Metis, Mestizo, Latin Americans