妓

妓 U+5993, 妓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5993 ← 妒 [U+5992] CJK Unified Ideographs 妔 → [U+5994]

Translingual

Han character

妓 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 女十水 (VJE), four-corner 4444₇, composition ⿰女支)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 256, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6083
• Dae Jaweon: page 520, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1029, character 17
• Unihan data for U+5993

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Chinese

trad.		妓
simp. #		妓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 妓
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (支) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
支	*kje
枝	*kje
肢	*kje
汥	*kje, *ɡe, *ɡres
衼	*kje
馶	*kje, *qʰjes, *kes, *ɡe
鳷	*kje
忮	*kjes
伎	*kjes, *ɡe, *ɡreʔ
豉	*ɡjes
翅	*qʰjes
翄	*qʰjes, *ɡe
妓	*kre, *ɡreʔ
庋	*kreʔ, *kʷreʔ
跂	*kʰeʔ, *kʰes, *ɡe
蚑	*kʰes, *ɡe
吱	*kʰes
岐	*ɡe
歧	*ɡe
鬾	*ɡre, *ɡres
技	*ɡreʔ
芰	*ɡres
攱	*kʷreʔ, *kʷres
庪	*kʷreʔ
頍	*kʰʷeʔ
屐	*ɡreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kre, *ɡreʔ) : semantic 女 + phonetic 支 (OC *kje).

Etymology

Attested during the Wèi-Jìn period (possible pronunciations *kɨe or *gɨeX); a hypohetical OC form would be *kre (Schuessler, 2007).

Apparently loaned from Vietic (ancient 越 (yuè) in southern China). Compare Proto-Vietic *-keːʔ (“woman, female”) (whence Vietnamese cái (“female”) & gái (“girl, female”)), elsewhere in Mon-Khmer, Proto-Waic *krih girl", Proto-North-Bahnaric *kdri: "female". Alternatively, Wang (1982) relates this to 技 (jì, “"skill"”), yet this may be folk etymology.

Schuessler also points to other foreign words which meant "woman, girl" yet referred to women of low social standing in ancient China; e.g. 嬖 (bì), 嬯 (tái).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 妓

1. (Classical) female entertainer
2. prostitute

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jī (ji¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jī
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ji
    • Wade–Giles: chi¹
    • Yale: jī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
    • Palladius: цзи (czi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: kje

Rime
Character	妓
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居宜切
Baxter	kje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjiə̆/
Li Rong	/kje/
Wang Li	/kǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/kie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gei1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kre/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妓
Reading #	1/2
No.	17213
Phonetic component	支
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	羈
Old Chinese	/*kre/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 妓

1. Used in 妓姕.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

妓

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ぎ (gi)
• Kan-on: き (ki)
• Kun: わざおぎ (wazaogi, 妓)

Compounds

Compounds

• 愛妓(あいぎ) (aigi)
• 歌妓(かぎ) (kagi)
• 歌舞妓(かぶき) (kabuki)
• 官妓(かんぎ) (kangi)
• 妓生(キーセン) (kīsen), 妓生(ぎせい) (gisei)
• 妓院(ぎいん) (giin)
• 妓家(ぎか) (gika)
• 妓楽(ぎがく) (gigaku)
• 妓館(ぎかん) (gikan)
• 妓女(ぎじょ) (gijo)
• 妓籍(ぎせき) (giseki)
• 妓名(ぎめい) (gimei)
• 妓夫(ぎゅう) (gyū), 妓夫(ぎふ) (gifu)
• 妓楼(ぎろう) (girō)
• 芸妓(げいぎ) (geigi)
• 芸娼妓(げいしょうぎ) (geishōgi)
• 絃妓(げんぎ) (gengi)
• 狎妓(こうぎ) (kōgi)
• 小妓(しょうぎ) (shōgi)
• 娼妓(しょうぎ) (shōgi)
• 新妓(しんこ) (shinko)
• 雛妓(すうぎ) (sūgi)
• 声妓(せいぎ) (seigi)
• 美妓(びぎ) (bigi)
• 舞妓(ぶぎ) (bugi): female dancer
• 舞妓(まいこ) (maiko): dancing girl, particularly a maiko
• 名妓(めいぎ) (meigi)
• 老妓(ろうぎ) (rōgi)

Kanji in this term
妓
ぎ Hyōgai
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 妓 (“female entertainer”).

Noun

妓(ぎ) • (gi) 

1. female entertainer

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 妓 (MC gjeX). Recorded as Middle Korean 기〯 (kǐ) (Yale: ki) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

妓 (eumhun 기생 기 (gisaeng gi))

1. hanja form^? of 기 (“prostitute”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 묘기 (妙妓, myogi)
• 가기 (歌妓, gagi)
• 명기 (名妓, myeonggi)
• 기생 (妓生, gisaeng)
• 기녀 (妓女, ginyeo)
• 무기 (舞妓, mugi)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 妓 (kĩ, đĩ, kỹ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.