Appendix:Faroese conjugation: difference between revisions

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{{status|incomplete}}
{{status|incomplete}}
There is {{PAGESINCAT:Faroese verb inflection-table templates}} templates in the [[:Category:Faroese verb inflection-table templates]], so there is many verb conjugation types. This is the list for Faroese verb inflection/conjugation types, including irregular verbs.
There are {{PAGESINCAT:Faroese verb inflection-table templates}} templates in the [[:Category:Faroese verb inflection-table templates]], so there is many verb conjugation types. This is the list for Faroese verb inflection/conjugation types, including irregular verbs.


==Regular types==
==Regular groups==
*Infinitives always ends in ''-a''.
*Note: Infinitives are in {{m|fo|-a}}, unless noted. When both past tense and past participle in -d-, the stem are ending in voiced consonants, while in -t- are ending in unvoiced consonants. Unless noted, usually only past tenses, past participles and supine having ablaut variation.
*In weak verbs, there are 4 conjugation classes (not including templates in v-) which distinguished by 2nd and 3rd singular present endings (except in class 4, 2nd singular only):
# ''-ar'' verbs
# ''-ur'' verbs
# ''-ir'' verbs
# ''-rt'' verbs


{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
!Type (with templates)
!Groups (with templates)
!Description
!Description
|-
!colspan=2|Weak verbs
|-
|colspan=2|Any verbs with past with dental suffix (like ''-d-'', ''-ð-'', ''-t-'', ''-að-'', and others.), including weak verbs with local ablauts.
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-1}}[[Template:fo-conj-1|v-1]]
!{{anchor|v-1}}[[Template:fo-conj-1|v-1]]
Line 13: Line 22:
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-2}}[[Template:fo-conj-2|v-2]]
!{{anchor|v-2}}[[Template:fo-conj-2|v-2]]
|Same as type [[#v-1|v-1]], but past are devoiced to -t-.
|Past in -t-.
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-3}}[[Template:fo-conj-3|v-3]]
!{{anchor|v-3}}[[Template:fo-conj-3|v-3]]
|Stem in diphthong or vowel + -ð-, or in vowel; past with doubled consonant (-dd-); and supine in -tt-.
|Stem in diphthong or vowel + -ð-, past with doubled consonant (-dd-) and supine in -tt.
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-4}}[[Template:fo-conj-4|v-4]]
!{{anchor|v-4}}[[Template:fo-conj-4|v-4]]
|Stem in vowel.
|Stem in -ø, inflections are same as type [[#v-3|v-3]].
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-5}}[[Template:fo-conj-5|v-5]]
!{{anchor|v-5}}[[Template:fo-conj-5|v-5]]
Line 34: Line 43:
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-9}}[[Template:fo-conj-9|v-9]]
!{{anchor|v-9}}[[Template:fo-conj-9|v-9]]
|Same as type [[#v-8|v-8]], but past tense are devoiced to -t-.
|Same as type [[#v-8|v-8]], but past are devoiced to -t-.
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-10}}[[Template:fo-conj-10|v-10]]
!{{anchor|v-10}}[[Template:fo-conj-10|v-10]]
Line 40: Line 49:
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-11}}[[Template:fo-conj-11|v-11]]
!{{anchor|v-11}}[[Template:fo-conj-11|v-11]]
|Same as type [[#v-10|v-10]], but past tense are devoiced to -t-.
|Same as type [[#v-10|v-10]], but past are devoiced to -t-.
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-12}}[[Template:fo-conj-12|v-12]]
!{{anchor|v-12}}[[Template:fo-conj-12|v-12]]
Line 52: Line 61:
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-15}}[[Template:fo-conj-15|v-15]]
!{{anchor|v-15}}[[Template:fo-conj-15|v-15]]
|Same as type [[#v-14|v-14]], but past tense are devoiced to -t-.
|Same as type [[#v-14|v-14]], but past are devoiced to -t-.
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-16}}[[Template:fo-conj-16|v-16]]
!{{anchor|v-16}}[[Template:fo-conj-16|v-16]]
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|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-18}}[[Template:fo-conj-18|v-18]]
!{{anchor|v-18}}[[Template:fo-conj-18|v-18]]
|Infinitive in -ja, with stem ending in consonants other than -g- and -k-, with -e- → -a- ablaut variations.<br>{{m|fo|vekja|Vekja}} are sometimes inflected with this type.
|Infinitive in -ja, with stem ending in consonants other than velars (-g- and -k-), with -e- → -a- ablaut variations.<br>{{m|fo|vekja|Vekja}} are sometimes inflected with this type.
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-19}}[[Template:fo-conj-19|v-19]]
!{{anchor|v-19}}[[Template:fo-conj-19|v-19]]
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|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-23}}[[Template:fo-conj-23|v-23]]
!{{anchor|v-23}}[[Template:fo-conj-23|v-23]]
|Same as [[#v-17|v-17]], with -y- → -u- ablauts.
|Same as [[#v-17|v-17]], with -y- → -u- ablaut variations.
|-
|-
!{{anchor|v-24}}[[Template:fo-conj-24|v-24]]
!{{anchor|v-24}}[[Template:fo-conj-24|v-24]]
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!{{anchor|v-25}}[[Template:fo-conj-25|v-25]]
!{{anchor|v-25}}[[Template:fo-conj-25|v-25]]
|Same as [[#v-1|v-1]], but past participle, supine and singular imperative are in -aður, -að, and -a, respectively.
|Same as [[#v-1|v-1]], but past participle, supine and singular imperative are in -aður, -að, and -a, respectively.
|-
!{{anchor|v-27}}[[Template:fo-conj-27|v-27]]
|Stem ending in -á-.
|-
!{{anchor|v-29}}[[Template:fo-conj-29|v-29]]
|Same as [[#v-2|v-2]], but past participle, 2nd and 3rd person present and singular imperative are in -að, -ar, and -a, respectively.
|-
!{{anchor|v-30}}[[Template:fo-conj-30|v-30]]
|Past in -að-.<br>More commonly used in entries than type [[#v-1|v-1]].
|-
!{{anchor|v-31}}[[Template:fo-conj-31|v-31]]
|Past with shift from C¹VC² to C¹jVC² (C¹ are ⟨g⟩).
|-
!{{anchor|v-32}}[[Template:fo-conj-32|v-32]]
|Stem ending in two different consonants, elided in past from *-C¹C²ð- to -ð-, with -ú- → -ý- ablaut variations in singular present tenses.
|-
!{{anchor|v-33}}[[Template:fo-conj-33|v-33]]
|Same as [[#v-32|v-32]], but with -ó- → -ø- ablaut variations in singular present tenses.
|-
!{{anchor|v-34}}[[Template:fo-conj-34|v-34]]
|Infinitive in -ggja, present and past elided to -r and -ð-, respectively.
|-
!colspan=2|Strong verbs
|-
|colspan=2|Any verbs without dental suffixes, of which only consists of ablauts to distinguish some tenses.
|-
!{{anchor|v-35}}[[Template:fo-conj-35|v-35]]
|[[#cl1|Class 1]] ablaut variation.
|-
!{{anchor|v-36}}[[Template:fo-conj-36|v-36]]
|Same as type [[#v-35|v-35]], but stem in -Cj (-C- are velars), later simplified to -C in supine, past participle, singular present and past tenses.
|-
!{{anchor|v-37}}[[Template:fo-conj-37|v-37]]
|[[#cl2|Class 2]] ablaut variations.
|-
!{{anchor|v-38}}[[Template:fo-conj-38|v-38]]
|Same as [[#v-37|v-37]], but it is applied to verbs in CCjV- → CCV- (-CC- in velars) before -ey- ablauts.
|-
!{{anchor|v-39}}[[Template:fo-conj-39|v-39]]
|Same as [[#v-38|v-38]], but -CC- consists of consonants other than velars.
|-
!{{anchor|v-40}}[[Template:fo-conj-40|v-40]]
|Same as [[#v-37|v-37]], but with -ú- in infinitive and plural present.
|-
!{{anchor|v-41}}[[Template:fo-conj-41|v-41]]
|Same as [[#v-40|v-40]], with infinitive in -va.
|}

==Ablaut classes==
Faroese strong verbs exhibits these ablaut classes. Any unlisted ablauts is listed [[#Regular types|above]], usually the past tenses being ablauted.
{|class=wikitable
!Ablaut class
!Infinitive/1sg present
!2sg/3sg present
!Past
!Plural present
!Plural past
!Supine
|-
!{{anchor|cl1}}1
|colspan=2| -í-
| -ei-
| -í-
|colspan=2| -i-
|-
!{{anchor|cl2}}2
| -ó-/-u-
| -ý-
| -ey-
| -ó-
| -u-
| -o-
|-
!{{anchor|cl3}}3
|colspan=2| -e-/-i-/-ø-
| -a-
| -i-
| -u-
| -o-/-u-
|-
!rowspan=2|{{anchor|cl4}}4
| -e-/-o-
| -e-
| -a-
| -ó-
|colspan=2| -o-
|-
| -o-
| -e-
|colspan=4| -o-
|-
!{{anchor|cl5}}5
|colspan=2| -i-
| -á-
| -i-
| -ó-
| -i-
|-
!{{anchor|cl6}}6
| -a-
| -e-
| -ó-
| -a-
| -ó-
| -a-
|-
!{{anchor|cl7}}7
| -á-
| -æ-
| -e-
| -á-
|colspan=2| -i-
|}
|}


==See also==
==See also==
*{{tl|fo-conj}}
*{{tl|fo-conj}}
*[[:Category:Faroese verb inflection-table templates]]


[[Category:Faroese appendices]]
[[Category:Faroese appendices]]

Latest revision as of 04:09, 3 May 2021

This appendix is incomplete.

There are 127 templates in the Category:Faroese verb inflection-table templates, so there is many verb conjugation types. This is the list for Faroese verb inflection/conjugation types, including irregular verbs.

Regular groups

[edit]
  • Infinitives always ends in -a.
  • In weak verbs, there are 4 conjugation classes (not including templates in v-) which distinguished by 2nd and 3rd singular present endings (except in class 4, 2nd singular only):
  1. -ar verbs
  2. -ur verbs
  3. -ir verbs
  4. -rt verbs
Groups (with templates) Description
Weak verbs
Any verbs with past with dental suffix (like -d-, -ð-, -t-, -að-, and others.), including weak verbs with local ablauts.
v-1 Past in -d-.
v-2 Same as type v-1, but past are devoiced to -t-.
v-3 Stem in diphthong or vowel + -ð-, past with doubled consonant (-dd-) and supine in -tt.
v-4 Stem in vowel.
v-5 Infinitive in -da, past changed from *-dd- to -d-.
v-6 Infinitive in consonant + -ða, past in -d-.
Not to be confused with type v-3.
v-7 Stem in two different consonants (-Ct-), past tense and supine elided.
v-8 Stem in double consonants (-CC-), later simplified to -C- in past and supine.
v-9 Same as type v-8, but past are devoiced to -t-.
v-10 Infinitive in -gja, -Cj- (⟨j⟩ pronounced "y") are simplified to -C- when preceding consonants, front vowels and in end of a word.
v-11 Same as type v-10, but past are devoiced to -t-.
v-12 Infinitive in -CCja, -CCj- (C are in ⟨g⟩) are simplified to -CC- (preceding front vowels), later -C- (preceding consonants).
v-13 Same as type v-12, but the -C- are in unvoiced consonants.
v-14 Same as type v-12, with -ei- → -o- ablaut variations.
v-15 Same as type v-14, but past are devoiced to -t-.
v-16 Same as v-11, with -e- → -a- ablaut variations.
v-17 Infinitive in -rja, with -e- → -a- ablaut variations.
v-18 Infinitive in -ja, with stem ending in consonants other than velars (-g- and -k-), with -e- → -a- ablaut variations.
Vekja are sometimes inflected with this type.
v-19 Same as type v-18, with -y- → -u- ablaut variations.
v-20 Same as type v-12, but somewhat distinct from type v-12.
Singular past tense are in -ð-, with -e- → -a- (past participle and supine) → -ø- (plural past tenses) ablaut variations.
v-21 Same as v-18, but without ablauts.
v-23 Same as v-17, with -y- → -u- ablaut variations.
v-24 Same as v-23, but past tense are devoiced to -t-.
v-25 Same as v-1, but past participle, supine and singular imperative are in -aður, -að, and -a, respectively.
v-27 Stem ending in -á-.
v-29 Same as v-2, but past participle, 2nd and 3rd person present and singular imperative are in -að, -ar, and -a, respectively.
v-30 Past in -að-.
More commonly used in entries than type v-1.
v-31 Past with shift from C¹VC² to C¹jVC² (C¹ are ⟨g⟩).
v-32 Stem ending in two different consonants, elided in past from *-C¹C²ð- to -ð-, with -ú- → -ý- ablaut variations in singular present tenses.
v-33 Same as v-32, but with -ó- → -ø- ablaut variations in singular present tenses.
v-34 Infinitive in -ggja, present and past elided to -r and -ð-, respectively.
Strong verbs
Any verbs without dental suffixes, of which only consists of ablauts to distinguish some tenses.
v-35 Class 1 ablaut variation.
v-36 Same as type v-35, but stem in -Cj (-C- are velars), later simplified to -C in supine, past participle, singular present and past tenses.
v-37 Class 2 ablaut variations.
v-38 Same as v-37, but it is applied to verbs in CCjV- → CCV- (-CC- in velars) before -ey- ablauts.
v-39 Same as v-38, but -CC- consists of consonants other than velars.
v-40 Same as v-37, but with -ú- in infinitive and plural present.
v-41 Same as v-40, with infinitive in -va.

Ablaut classes

[edit]

Faroese strong verbs exhibits these ablaut classes. Any unlisted ablauts is listed above, usually the past tenses being ablauted.

Ablaut class Infinitive/1sg present 2sg/3sg present Past Plural present Plural past Supine
1 -í- -ei- -í- -i-
2 -ó-/-u- -ý- -ey- -ó- -u- -o-
3 -e-/-i-/-ø- -a- -i- -u- -o-/-u-
4 -e-/-o- -e- -a- -ó- -o-
-o- -e- -o-
5 -i- -á- -i- -ó- -i-
6 -a- -e- -ó- -a- -ó- -a-
7 -á- -æ- -e- -á- -i-

See also

[edit]
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