зима
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Church Slavonic зима (zima), from Proto-Slavic *zima, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]зи́ма • (zíma) f (relational adjective зи́мен)
Declension
[edit]Coordinate terms
[edit]Seasons in Bulgarian · сезо́ни (sezóni) (layout · text) · category | |||
---|---|---|---|
про́лет (prólet, “spring”) | ля́то (ljáto, “summer”) | е́сен (ésen, “autumn”) | зи́ма (zíma, “winter”) |
Derived terms
[edit]- зи́ме (zíme)
- зи́мник (zímnik)
- зимнина́ (zimniná)
- зимо́рничав (zimórničav)
- зимоустойчи́в (zimoustojčív)
- зиму́вам impf (zimúvam)
- зимъ́с (zimǎ́s)
- зимъ́ска (zimǎ́ska)
- по́дзим (pódzim)
- по́дзиме (pódzime)
- презиму́вам impf (prezimúvam)
References
[edit]- “зима”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “зима”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “зима”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, pages 640-641
Macedonian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zima, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ.
Noun
[edit]зима • (zima) f (plural зими, relational adjective зимски or зимен, augmentative зимиште)
Declension
[edit]Coordinate terms
[edit]Seasons in Macedonian · годишни времиња (godišni vreminja) (layout · text) · category | |||
---|---|---|---|
пролет (prolet, “spring”) | лето (leto, “summer”) | есен (esen, “autumn”) | зима (zima, “winter”) |
Derived terms
[edit]- зимнина f (zimnina)
- зимница f (zimnica)
- зиморка f (zimorka)
- зиморлив (zimorliv)
- зиморливо (zimorlivo)
- зиморливост f (zimorlivost)
- зиморничав (zimorničav)
- зиморничаво (zimorničavo)
- зиморничавост f (zimorničavost)
- зимурлав (zimurlav)
- назимниче n (nazimniče)
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
[edit]зима • (zima) third-singular present, impf (perfective земе)
- (transitive, nonstandard) to take
- (transitive, nonstandard) to get
Conjugation
[edit]l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | зимал | — | adjectival participle | зиман | ||
feminine | зимала | — | adverbial participle | зимајќи | ||
neuter | зимало | — | verbal noun | зимање | ||
plural | зимале | — | perfect participle | зимано | ||
present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
1st singular | зимам | зимав | — | — | ||
2nd singular | зимаш | зимаше | — | зимај | ||
3rd singular | зима | зимаше | — | — | ||
1st plural | зимаме | зимавме | — | — | ||
2nd plural | зимате | зимавте | — | зимајте | ||
3rd plural | зимаат | зимаа | — | — | ||
Compound tenses | ||||||
perfect | сум зимал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-perfect | имам зимано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
pluperfect | бев зимал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-pluperfect | имав зимано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
има-perfect reported | сум имал зимано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
future | ќе зимам | ќе + present | ||||
има-future | ќе имам зимано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
future in the past | ќе зимав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
има-future in the past | ќе имав зимано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
future reported | ќе сум зимал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-future reported | ќе сум имал зимано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
conditional | би зимал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-conditional | би имал зимано | conditional of има + perfect participle |
Synonyms
[edit]- зема (zema)
References
[edit]- “зима” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
Old Church Slavonic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- Glagolitic: ⰸⰹⰿⰰ (zima)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *zima, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ.
Noun
[edit]зима • (zima) f
Declension
[edit]singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | зима zima |
зимѣ zimě |
зимꙑ zimy |
genitive | зимꙑ zimy |
зимоу zimu |
зимъ zimŭ |
dative | зимѣ zimě |
зимама zimama |
зимамъ zimamŭ |
accusative | зимѫ zimǫ |
зимѣ zimě |
зимꙑ zimy |
instrumental | зимоѭ zimojǫ |
зимама zimama |
зимами zimami |
locative | зимѣ zimě |
зимоу zimu |
зимахъ zimaxŭ |
vocative | зимо zimo |
зимѣ zimě |
зимꙑ zimy |
Old East Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *zimà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ.
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Hyphenation: зи‧ма
Noun
[edit]зима (zima) f
Declension
[edit]Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | зима zima |
зимѣ zimě |
зимꙑ zimy |
Genitive | зимꙑ zimy |
зиму zimu |
зимъ zimŭ |
Dative | зимѣ zimě |
зимама zimama |
зимамъ zimamŭ |
Accusative | зимѫ zimǫ |
зимѣ zimě |
зимꙑ zimy |
Instrumental | зимоѭ zimojǫ |
зимама zimama |
зимами zimami |
Locative | зимѣ zimě |
зиму zimu |
зимахъ zimaxŭ |
Vocative | зимо zimo |
зимѣ zimě |
зимꙑ zimy |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “зима”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ[1] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 978
Russian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old East Slavic зима (zima), from Proto-Slavic *zima, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]зима́ • (zimá) f inan (genitive зимы́, nominative plural зи́мы, genitive plural зим, relational adjective зи́мний)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- зи́мний (zímnij)
- осенне-зи́мний (osenne-zímnij)
- поздензи́мний (pozdenzímnij)
- зи́мник m (zímnik)
- зимова́ть impf (zimovátʹ)
- зимо́вка f (zimóvka)
- зимо́вье n (zimóvʹje)
- зимого́р m anim (zimogór)
- зимосто́йкий (zimostójkij), зимосто́йкость f (zimostójkostʹ)
- ози́мый (ozímyj)
- первози́мье n (pervozímʹje)
- предзи́мье n (predzímʹje)
- Phrases
- вулкани́ческая зима́ f (vulkaníčeskaja zimá)
- зи́мнее солнцестоя́ние n (zímneje solncestojánije)
- метеори́тная зима́ f (meteorítnaja zimá)
- я́дерная зима́ f (jádernaja zimá)
- Proverbs
- гото́вь са́ни ле́том, а теле́гу зимо́й (gotóvʹ sáni létom, a telégu zimój)
Related terms
[edit]- Borrowed
- гиберна́ция f (gibernácija)
- химе́ра f anim (ximéra)
See also
[edit]Seasons in Russian · время года (vremja goda) (layout · text) · category | |||
---|---|---|---|
весна́ (vesná, “spring”) | ле́то (léto, “summer”) | о́сень (ósenʹ, “autumn”) | зима́ (zimá, “winter”) |
References
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зима”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “зима”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 325
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *zima, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]зи́ма f (Latin spelling zíma)
Declension
[edit]See also
[edit]Seasons in Serbo-Croatian · godišnja doba / годишња доба (layout · text) · category | |||
---|---|---|---|
spring: proleće, proljeće пролеће, прољеће |
summer: leto, ljeto лето, љето |
autumn: jesen јесен |
winter: zima зима |
References
[edit]- “зима”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
Ukrainian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *zima, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źeimā́ˀ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]зима́ • (zymá) f inan (genitive зими́, nominative plural зими́, genitive plural зим)
Declension
[edit]See also
[edit]Seasons in Ukrainian · пори року (pory roku) (layout · text) · category | |||
---|---|---|---|
весна (vesna, “spring”) | літо (lito, “summer”) | осінь (osinʹ, “autumn”) | зима (zyma, “winter”) |
References
[edit]- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “зима”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “зима”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Old Church Slavonic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian feminine nouns
- bg:Seasons
- Macedonian 2-syllable words
- Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macedonian paroxytone terms
- Macedonian terms with audio pronunciation
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian lemmas
- Macedonian nouns
- Macedonian feminine nouns
- mk:Seasons
- Macedonian verbs
- Macedonian imperfective verbs
- Macedonian transitive verbs
- Macedonian nonstandard terms
- Macedonian verbs in -а
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic lemmas
- Old Church Slavonic nouns
- Old Church Slavonic feminine nouns
- Old Church Slavonic hard a-stem nouns
- Old Church Slavonic hard feminine a-stem nouns
- cu:Seasons
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old East Slavic lemmas
- Old East Slavic nouns
- Old East Slavic feminine nouns
- Old East Slavic hard a-stem nouns
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian 2-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
- Russian feminine nouns
- Russian inanimate nouns
- Russian terms with usage examples
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-dʹ nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern dʹ
- ru:Seasons
- ru:Time
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- sh:Seasons
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian terms with audio pronunciation
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian nouns
- Ukrainian feminine nouns
- Ukrainian inanimate nouns
- Ukrainian hard feminine-form nouns
- Ukrainian hard feminine-form accent-b nouns
- Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b
- uk:Seasons
- uk:Winter