گنبد
Appearance
See also: كنبد
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmbt' /gumbad/, “dome, fire-temple”), from Classical Syriac ܩܘܒܬܐ (qubbəṯā). Doublet of قبه (qobbe, “dome”), also from Syriac but through Arabic. Compare Old Armenian գմբեթ (gmbetʻ) and Georgian გუმბათი (gumbati), Iranian borrowings.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɡun.ˈbað]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡ̥om.bǽd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡum.bǽd̪], [ɡum.bǽz]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | gunbaḏ |
Dari reading? | gunbad |
Iranian reading? | gonbad |
Tajik reading? | gunbad, gunbaz |
Noun
[edit]Dari | گنبد |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | гунбад, гунбаз |
گنبد • (gombad) (plural گنبدها (gombad-hâ))
- dome, cupola, vault
- Synonyms: قبه (qobbe), (archaic) کوپله (kupale)
- معلوم نیست ک اولین گنبد چه زمانی ساخته شد.
- ma'lum nist ke avvalin gombad če zamâni sâxte šod.
- It is not known when the first dome was built.
- c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels][1]:
- و میان ری و آمل کوه دماوند است مانند گنبدی و آن را لواسان گویند، و گویند بر سر آن چاهیست که نوشادر از آن حاصل میشود و گویند که کبریت نیز، و مردم پوست گاو ببرند و پر نوشادر کنند و از سر کوه بغلتانند که به راه نتوان فرود آوردن.
- wa miyān-i ray u āmul kōh-i damāwand ast mānand-i gumbadē u ān rā lawāsān gūyand, u gūyand bar sar-i ān čāhē-st ki nōšādur az ān hāsil mē-šawad u gūyand ki kibrīt nēz, u mardum pōst-i gāw bibarand u purr-i nōšādur kunand u az sar-i kōh biğaltānand ki ba rāh na-tawān furōd āwardan.
- And between the road from Ray to Āmul, there is Mount Damāvand like a dome; it is called Lavāsān. It is said that from its summit, there is a well which produces sal ammoniac, and they say also sulfur. People bring cowskin, fill it with sal ammoniac, and roll it down from the summit of the mountain, since it is impossible to bring it down by road.
- (metonymically) domed mausoleum or monument
Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Arabic: جُنْبَد (jumbad), جُنْبَذ (jumbaḏ), جُنْبُذ m (jumbuḏ)
- → Assamese: গম্বুজ (gombuz), গুম্বজ (gumboz)
- → Azerbaijani: günbəz / گنبذ
- → Bashkir: көмбәҙ (kömbəź)
- → Bengali: গম্বুজ (gombuj), গুম্বজ (gumboj)
- → Gojri: گُمَٹ (gumaṭ)
- → Gujarati: ગુંબજ (gumbaj), ઘુંમટ (ghummaṭ), ઘૂમટ (ghūmaṭ)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kannada: ಗುಮ್ಮಟ (gummaṭa)
- → Kazakh: күмбез (kümbez)
- → Konkani: ghumaṭ
- → Kyrgyz: күмбөз (kümböz)
- → Malvi: घुमट (ghumaṭ)
- → Mandarin: 拱北 (Gǒngběi)
- → Marathi: घुमट (ghumaṭ)
- → Marwari:
- → Nepali: गुमज (gumaj)
- → Nogai: куьмбез (kümbez)
- → Odia: ଗୁମୁଟ (gumuṭa)
- → Ottoman Turkish: كنبد (kümbed)
- → Punjabi:
- → Saraiki: گُمُّذ (gummuẕ), گُمّبذ (gummbẕ)
- → Sindhi:
- → Tamil: கும்மட்டம் (kummaṭṭam)
- → Telugu: గుమ్మటము (gummaṭamu)
- → Turkmen: gümmez
- → Chagatai:
Further reading
[edit]- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “گنبد”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “گنبد”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gumbad”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
Urdu
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Classical Persian گنبد (gunbad), from Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmbt' /gumbad/, “dome, fire-temple”), from Classical Syriac ܩܘܒܬܐ (qubbəṯā).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ɡʊm.bəd̪/
- Rhymes: -əd̪
- Hyphenation: گُن‧بَد
Noun
[edit]گنبد • (gumbad) m (Hindi spelling गुंबद)
Declension
[edit]Declension of گنبد | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
direct | گنبد (gumbad) | گنبد (gumbad) | ||||||
oblique | گنبد (gumbad) | گنبدوں (gumbadõ) | ||||||
vocative | گنبد (gumbad) | گنبدو (gumbado) |
Categories:
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Persian doublets
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Architecture
- Persian terms with usage examples
- Persian terms with quotations
- Persian metonyms
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Syriac
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Urdu/əd̪
- Rhymes:Urdu/əd̪/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu nouns with declension
- Urdu masculine consonant-stem nouns