梵

梵 U+68B5, 梵 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68B5 ← 梴 [U+68B4] CJK Unified Ideographs 梶 → [U+68B6]

Translingual

Han character

梵 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 木木竹弓戈 (DDHNI), four-corner 4421₇, composition ⿱林凡)

Derived characters

• 𭊃, 滼, 𫍉

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 531, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14888
• Dae Jaweon: page 919, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1210, character 5
• Unihan data for U+68B5

Chinese

trad.		梵
simp. #		梵
alternative forms		𪎒

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (凡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嵐	*b·ruːm
葻	*b·uːm
釩	*pʰomʔ
汎	*pʰoms, *bum
凡	*bom
帆	*bom, *boms
颿	*bom, *boms
軓	*bomʔ
梵	*bloms, *bum
芃	*boːŋ, *bum
風	*plum, *plums
飌	*plum
楓	*plum
猦	*plum
偑	*plum
檒	*plum
瘋	*plum
諷	*plums
堸	*blum
渢	*blum
鳳	*bums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bloms, *bum) : semantic 林 (“forest”) + phonetic 凡 (OC *bom) – lush. Originally a variant form of 芃 (OC *boːŋ, *bum).

Etymology

As a word for transcribing Indic languages, the reading 梵 (MC bjomH) probably derives from Gandhari and transcribes the syllables such as bram̄(a), bra(m)m-, etc. (Bailey, 1946) in words like 𐨦𐨿𐨪𐨨𐨸 (bram̄a, “Brahma”), 𐨦𐨿𐨪𐨨𐨞 (bramaṇa, “a brahmin”), and it appears in the classical Chinese lexicon in 梵天 (“Brahma, name of a deity”), 梵志 (“a person dedicated to religion”), 梵行 (“good, pure conduct”), etc. The sense for "Sanskrit" originally refers to its status as a religious language. In modern usage, it is also used to translate various terms in Hinduism, such as Brahman.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fàn, fán

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ, ㄈㄢˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): faan⁴ / faan⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fan³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fam

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fam²

• Eastern Min (BUC): huáng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hoān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huam⁶ / huang⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ve
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fan⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
    • Wade–Giles: fan⁴
    • Yale: fàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
    • Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, common variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fán
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fán
    • Wade–Giles: fan²
    • Yale: fán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farn
    • Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: faan⁴ / faan⁶
    • Yale: fàahn / faahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan⁴ / faan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan⁴ / fan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn²¹/, /faːn²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fan³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fam
    • Hakka Romanization System: fam
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fam⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fam⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fam²
    • Sinological IPA: /fam¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huɑŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
    • Tâi-lô: huān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /huan²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /huan³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huam⁶ / huang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huăm / huăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huam³⁵/, /huaŋ³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ve
    • MiniDict: ve^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ve
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ve²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: fan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸan⁴⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: bjuwng, bjomH

Rime
Character	梵	梵
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	凡 (146)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	房戎切	扶泛切
Baxter	bjuwng	bjomH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨuŋ/	/bɨɐmH/
Pan Wuyun	/biuŋ/	/biɐmH/
Shao Rongfen	/biuŋ/	/biɐmH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buwŋ/	/buamH/
Li Rong	/biuŋ/	/biɐmH/
Wang Li	/bĭuŋ/	/bĭwɐmH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uŋ/	/bʱi̯wɐmH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	féng	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fung4	faan6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*bum/, /*bloms/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	梵	梵
Reading #	2/2	1/2
No.	2932	2918
Phonetic component	凡	凡
Rime group	侵	談
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	馮	梵
Old Chinese	/*bum/	/*bloms/
Notes	見漢碑

Definitions

梵

1. ^† lush; luxuriant
2. (Hinduism) Brahman; the ultimate reality in the universe (concept in Hinduism)
3. (figurative) quiet; peaceful; undisturbed
4. of or pertaining to Buddhism; Buddhist
5. of or pertaining to ancient India or the Sanskrit language; Indian

   梵語／梵语  ―  Fànyǔ  ―  Sanskrit language

   梵漢對音／梵汉对音  ―  Fàn-Hàn duìyīn  ―  Sino-Sanskrit pronunciations

6. (Buddhism) to chant sutras; to recite sutras
7. (Buddhism) sound of sutra chanting
8. Used in transcription.

   梵蒂岡／梵蒂冈  ―  Fàndìgāng  ―  Vatican City

   文森特·梵高  ―  Wénsēntè Fàngāo  ―  Vincent van Gogh

   梵恩  ―  Fàn'ēn  ―  Vaan (Final Fantasy XII character)

   歌帝梵巧克力  ―  Gēdìfàn qiǎokèlì  ―  Godiva chocolate

   梵啞鈴／梵哑铃 [Shanghainese]  ―  ⁶ve-o₅-lin₆ [Wugniu]  ―  violin

9. a surname

Compounds

• 仙梵
• 作梵
• 午梵
• 四月梵
• 四梵
• 四梵天
• 大梵天
• 曉梵／晓梵
• 梵世
• 梵事
• 梵亞林／梵亚林
• 梵侶／梵侣
• 梵俗
• 梵偈
• 梵僧
• 梵像
• 梵冊／梵册
• 梵冊貝葉／梵册贝叶
• 梵刹
• 梵剎／梵刹
• 梵咒
• 梵唄／梵呗 (fànbài)
• 梵唱 (fànchàng)
• 梵啞鈴／梵哑铃 (fànyǎlíng)
• 梵土
• 梵坊
• 梵城
• 梵堂
• 梵塔
• 梵境
• 梵天 (Fàntiān)
• 梵天王
• 梵夾／梵夹
• 梵婀玲 (fàn'ēlíng)
• 梵嫂
• 梵字
• 梵學／梵学
• 梵宇 (fànyǔ)
• 梵客
• 梵室
• 梵容
• 梵宮／梵宫
• 梵家
• 梵寂
• 梵居
• 梵屧
• 梵山
• 梵帙
• 梵帝
• 梵席
• 梵庋
• 梵心
• 梵志
• 梵我一如
• 梵摩天
• 梵教
• 梵文 (fànwén)
• 梵方
• 梵書／梵书
• 梵服
• 梵本 (fànběn)
• 梵林
• 梵梵
• 梵樓／梵楼
• 梵樂／梵乐
• 梵樹／梵树
• 梵殿
• 梵氏
• 梵法
• 梵王
• 梵王字
• 梵王宅
• 梵王宮／梵王宫
• 梵王家
• 梵王燈／梵王灯
• 梵界
• 梵皇 (Fànhuáng)
• 梵相
• 梵眾／梵众
• 梵眾天／梵众天
• 梵磬
• 梵神
• 梵秘
• 梵策
• 梵筵
• 梵筴／梵策
• 梵經／梵经
• 梵聲／梵声
• 梵花
• 梵莢／梵荚
• 梵蒂岡／梵蒂冈 (Fàndìgāng)
• 梵行
• 梵行先生
• 梵表
• 梵衲
• 梵襟
• 梵言 (fànyán)
• 梵語／梵语 (fànyǔ, “Sanskrit”)
• 梵誦／梵诵
• 梵譯／梵译 (fànyì)
• 梵谷 (Fàngǔ)
• 梵貝／梵贝 (fànbèi)
• 梵蹟／梵迹
• 梵輔天／梵辅天
• 梵輪／梵轮
• 梵迹
• 梵道
• 梵部
• 梵釋／梵释
• 梵鈴／梵铃
• 梵鐘／梵钟
• 梵門／梵门
• 梵閣／梵阁
• 梵雲／梵云
• 梵音 (fànyīn)
• 梵響／梵响
• 梵館／梵馆
• 梵香
• 梵高 (Fàngāo)
• 清梵
• 演梵
• 琳宮梵宇／琳宫梵宇
• 薄伽梵 (Bóqiéfàn)
• 螺髻梵志
• 讚梵／赞梵
• 貝梵／贝梵
• 釋梵／释梵
• 鍾梵／钟梵
• 鐘梵／钟梵
• 高梵
• 魚梵／鱼梵

 

References

• “梵”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

梵

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ぼん (bon)
• Kan-on: はん (han)

Compounds

Compounds

• 釈(しゃく)梵(ぼん) (shakubon)
• 薄(ば)伽(が)梵(ぼん) (bagabon), 婆(ば)伽(が)梵(ぼん) (bagabon)
• 梵(ぼ)論(ろ) (boro)
• 梵(ぼ)論(ろん)字(じ) (boronji)
• 梵(ぼん)王(おう) (bon'ō)
• 梵(ぼん)音(おん) (bon'on)
• 梵(ぼん)我(ご)一(いち)如(にょ) (bongoichinyo)
• 梵(ぼん)学(がく) (bongaku)
• 梵(ぼん)行(ぎょう) (bongyō)
• 梵(ぼん)宮(ぐう) (bongū)
• 梵(ぼん)語(ご) (bongo): Sanskrit
• 梵(ぼん)妻(さい) (bonsai): Buddhist priest's wife
• 梵(ぼん)刹(さつ) (bonsatsu), 梵(ぼん)刹(せつ) (bonsetsu): temple
• 梵(ぼん)讃(さん) (bonsan)
• 梵(ぼん)志(し) (bonshi)
• 梵(ぼん)字(じ) (bonji)
• 梵(ぼん)書(しょ) (bonsho)
• 梵(ぼん)鐘(しょう) (bonshō)
• 梵(ぼん)砌(ぜい) (bonzei)
• 梵(ぼん)僧(そう) (bonsō)
• 梵(ぼん)天(てん) (bonten)
• 梵(ぼん)唄(ばい) (bonbai)
• 梵(ぼん)文(ぶん) (bonbun): Sanskrit text
• 梵(ぼん)網(もう)経(きょう) (bonmōkyō)
• 梵(ぼん)卵(らん) (bonran): world egg

Kanji in this term
梵
ぼん Hyōgai
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ぼん [bóꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) ぼん [bòń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [bõ̞ɴ]

Noun

梵(ぼん) • (bon) 

1. Abbreviation of 梵語.

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pʌ̹m]
• Phonetic hangul: [범]

Hanja

Wikisource

梵 • (beom) (hangeul 범, revised beom, McCune–Reischauer pŏm, Yale pem)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

梵: Hán Nôm readings: phạn, phạm

1. Brahma
2. Sanskrit