漚

See also: 沤

漚 U+6F1A, 漚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F1A ← 漙 [U+6F19] CJK Unified Ideographs 漛 → [U+6F1B]

Translingual

Han character

漚 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水尸口口 (ESRR), four-corner 3111₆, composition ⿰氵區)

Related characters

• 沤 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 646, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18139
• Dae Jaweon: page 1055, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1719, character 3
• Unihan data for U+6F1A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 漚
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (區) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
摳	*kʰoː, *kʰo
彄	*kʰoː
剾	*kʰoː, *qoː
謳	*qoː
歐	*qoː, *qoːʔ
區	*qoː, *kʰo
鷗	*qoː
甌	*qoː
漚	*qoː, *qoːs
瞘	*qoː
嘔	*qoː, *qoːʔ
櫙	*qoː
膒	*qoː
蓲	*qoː, *kʰu, *qo, *qos
醧	*qoː, *qas
鏂	*qoː
毆	*qoːʔ
塸	*qoːʔ
貙	*kʰl'o
樞	*kʰjo
驅	*kʰo, *kʰos
軀	*kʰo
嶇	*kʰo
鰸	*kʰo
敺	*kʰo
傴	*qoʔ
嫗	*qos
饇	*qos

Etymology 1

trad.		漚
simp.		沤
alternative forms		吽 Cantonese

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): òu (ou⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄡˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): au³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): au / áu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: òu
    • Zhuyin: ㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: òu
    • Wade–Giles: ou⁴
    • Yale: òu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ow
    • Palladius: оу (ou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: au³
    • Yale: au
    • Cantonese Pinyin: au³
    • Guangdong Romanization: eo³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐu̯³³/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: au
    • Tâi-lô: au
    • Phofsit Daibuun: aw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /au⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: áu
    • Tâi-lô: áu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ao
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /au⁵³/

Note: áu - "to stake bets to get double or even more".

---

• Middle Chinese: 'uwH

Rime
Character	漚
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏候切
Baxter	'uwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔəuH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəuH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəwH/
Li Rong	/ʔuH/
Wang Li	/əuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	òu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	au3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qoːs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	漚
Reading #	2/2
No.	10600
Phonetic component	區
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	漚
Old Chinese	/*qoːs/

Definitions

漚

1. to soak for a prolonged period of time; to steep
2. (dialectal) to suppress one's feelings for a long time
3. (Cantonese) to let to ferment or deteriorate for a prolonged period of time
4. (Cantonese) to develop, incubate or grow (something that is bad)

   漚雨／沤雨 [Cantonese]  ―  au³ jyu⁵ [Jyutping]  ―  to have rain soon to occur

   漚菇／沤菇 [Cantonese]  ―  au³ gu¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to have mushrooms grow

5. (Hokkien) to crumple; to wrinkle (usually clothes)
6. (Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) to pile up together; to heap in a jumble (such as for cooking or compost or laundry)
7. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, gambling) to stake bets with the money won and earned in the match to get double or even more
8. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to stake all capital in hopes of recouping what has been invested

Compounds

• 漚肥 / 沤肥 (òuféi)
• 漚雨 / 沤雨
• 漚鬱 / 沤郁
• 漚鹹菜 / 沤咸菜
• 漚麻 / 沤麻
• 蒸漚歷瀾 / 蒸沤历澜

 

Etymology 2

trad.		漚
simp.		沤

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ōu (ou¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄡ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): au¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ōu
    • Zhuyin: ㄡ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ou
    • Wade–Giles: ou¹
    • Yale: ōu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ou
    • Palladius: оу (ou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: au¹
    • Yale: āu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: au¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: eo¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐu̯⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

---

• Middle Chinese: 'uw

Rime
Character	漚
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏侯切
Baxter	'uw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔəu/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəu/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəw/
Li Rong	/ʔu/
Wang Li	/əu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	au1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qoː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	漚
Reading #	1/2
No.	10587
Phonetic component	區
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	謳
Old Chinese	/*qoː/

Definitions

漚

1. foam; froth
2. Alternative form of 鷗 / 鸥 (ōu)
3. (～江) name of river

Compounds

• 如海一漚 / 如海一沤
• 水上漚 / 水上沤
• 浮漚 / 浮沤
• 浮漚 / 浮沤
• 漚子 / 沤子
• 漚籃 / 沤篮

 

Etymology 3

trad.		漚
simp.		沤
alternative forms		𣧥 臭 𣏓 𩈏 腐 𣧥 臭 𣏓 𩈏 腐 惡／恶

Pronunciation

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): àu

---

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àu
    • Tâi-lô: àu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: aux
    • IPA (Taipei): /au¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /au⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /au²¹/

Definitions

漚

1. (Hokkien) bad; putrid; foul (smell)
2. (Hokkien) bad; rotten; spoiled; decaying (food)
3. (Hokkien) bad; poor; rotten; despicable; shoddy; inferior; substandard (quality, character, means, facial expression, etc.)
4. (Hokkien) bad; gloomy; murky; turbid; muddy (color)

Compounds

• 漚人 / 沤人
• 漚名 / 沤名
• 漚客 / 沤客
• 漚屎 / 沤屎
• 漚屎步 / 沤屎步
• 漚屎面 / 沤屎面
• 漚摃 / 沤𫼱
• 漚柴 / 沤柴
• 漚查某 / 沤查某
• 漚桶 / 沤桶
• 漚梨仔 / 沤梨仔
• 漚步 / 沤步
• 漚潲 / 沤潲
• 漚肉 / 沤肉
• 漚脓
• 漚臭 / 沤臭
• 漚色 / 沤色
• 漚行 / 沤行
• 漚貨 / 沤货
• 漚轆 / 沤辘
• 漚風 / 沤风
• 漚風味 / 沤风味

 

References

• “漚”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Further reading

• “Entry #10640”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji

漚

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to soak; to steep
2. sodden; soaked

Readings

• Go-on: う (u)
• Kan-on: おう (ō)
• Kun: ひたす (hitasu, 漚す)

Korean

Hanja

漚 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

1. to soak
2. fragrance
3. foam, bubble

Vietnamese

Han character

漚: Hán Nôm readings: âu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation