養

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See also: 养
養 U+990A, 養
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-990A
← 餉
[U+9909] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 餋 →
[U+990B]

Translingual

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Han character

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養 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿人戈日女 (TOIAV), four-corner 80732, composition ⿱𦍌食)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1419, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44144
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1943, character 31
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4452, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+990A

Chinese

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trad. 養
simp. 养
alternative forms 䍩
𢼝
𢽁
𩛬

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (養) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鯗 *slaŋʔ
養 *laŋʔ, *laŋs
癢 *laŋʔ
瀁 *laŋʔ, *laŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋʔ, *laŋs) : phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ, “sheep”) + semantic 食 (“to feed”).

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-klawŋ (“to guard; to tend cattle; to graze; to be at leisure”), whence Tibetan སྐྱོང (skyong, “to keep; to nurture”), Burmese ကျောင်း (kyaung:, “to look after, tend”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • ióng/iáng - literary;
  • iúⁿ/ióⁿ - vernacular;
  • chiūⁿ/chiōⁿ - vernacular (limited, disputed, e.g. 頭養, more often written as 上).
Note:
  • ion2/iên2 - vernacular (iên2 - Chaozhou);
  • iang2 - literary.
Rime
Character 養
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 餘兩切
Baxter yangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jɨaŋX/
Li
Rong 		/iaŋX/
Wang
Li 		/jĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yǎng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		joeng5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 養 養
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yǎng yǎng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yangX › ‹ yangX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ](r)aŋʔ/ /*[ɢ]aŋʔ/
English long, longing nourish, raise

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 養
Reading # 1/2
No. 14613
Phonetic
component 		養
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		養
Old
Chinese 		/*laŋʔ/
Notes 說文羊聲

Definitions

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養

  1. to raise; to rear
    養豬／养猪  ―  yǎng zhū  ―  to raise pigs
    養狗／养狗  ―  yǎng gǒu  ―  to raise or nurture a pet dog
  2. to support; to provide for; to bring up
    養家／养家  ―  yǎngjiā  ―  to support a family
    他是奶奶養大的。 [MSC, trad.]
    他是奶奶养大的。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā shì nǎinai yǎng dà de. [Pinyin]
    He was raised by his grandma.
    佢父母仲有收入，唔使佢養。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢父母仲有收入，唔使佢养。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 fu6 mou5 zung6 jau5 sau1 jap6, m4 sai2 keoi5 joeng5. [Jyutping]
    His parents still have income and don't need to be provided for by him.
  3. to give birth to
    養小人／养小人 [Shanghainese]  ―  6yan 5shiau-gnin [Wugniu]  ―  To give birth to a child
  4. to rest; to convalesce
    養病／养病  ―  yǎngbìng  ―  to convalesce
    養肝明目／养肝明目  ―  yǎng gān míng mù  ―  to nourish the liver and improve vision
  5. to maintain
    養路／养路  ―  yǎnglù  ―  to maintain a road or railway
  6. to cultivate; to form
    要養成每天運動的習慣 [MSC, trad.]
    要养成每天运动的习惯 [MSC, simp.]
    yào yǎng chéng měitiān yùndòng de xíguàn [Pinyin]
    One needs to cultivate the habit of exercising daily.
  7. to let one's hair grow
  8. to support; to help
    以農養工／以农养工  ―  yǐ nóng yǎng gōng  ―  to use agriculture to support industries
  9. (in compounds) foster; adoptive
    養父母／养父母  ―  yǎngfùmǔ  ―  foster parents
  10. accomplishment; cultivation
    素養／素养  ―  sùyǎng  ―  accomplishment
  11. 81st tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "fostering" (𝍖)
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 養 (“to raise; to rear (animals)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 飼, 養, 畜
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 養, 餵養, 飼養, 畜養
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 養
Malaysia 養
Singapore 養
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 養
Central Plains Mandarin Xuzhou 餵
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 養
Cantonese Guangzhou 養
Hong Kong 養
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 養
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 養, 分
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 養
Taishan 養
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 養
Singapore (Guangfu) 養
Gan Nanchang 養
Lichuan 供
Pingxiang 養
Hakka Meixian 養, 畜
Changting 供
Wuping 供, 畜
Liancheng 喂, 供
Ninghua 供
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 畜, 養
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 畜, 養
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 畜, 養
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 畜, 養
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 畜
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 供
Hong Kong 養
Senai (Huiyang) 養
Huizhou Jixi 供
Jin Taiyuan 養
Northern Min Jian'ou 飼
Songxi 飼
Zhenghe 飼
Jianyang 飼
Wuyishan 飼
Eastern Min Fuzhou 養, 飼
Fuzhou (Changle) 養
Lianjiang 飼
Fuqing 養
Pingtan 養, 飼
Yongtai 養
Minqing 養, 飼
Gutian 養, 飼
Pingnan 飼
Luoyuan 飼
Fu'an 飼
Ningde 飼
Xiapu 飼
Zherong 飼
Shouning 飼
Zhouning 飼
Fuding 飼
Southern Min Xiamen 飼
Xiamen (Tong'an) 飼
Quanzhou 飼
Jinjiang 飼
Nan'an 飼
Shishi 飼
Hui'an 飼
Anxi 飼
Yongchun 飼
Dehua 飼
Zhangzhou 飼
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 飼
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 飼
Hua'an 飼
Nanjing 飼
Pinghe 飼
Zhangpu 飼
Yunxiao 飼
Zhao'an 飼
Dongshan 飼
Taipei 飼
New Taipei (Sanxia) 飼
Kaohsiung 飼
Yilan 飼
Changhua (Lukang) 飼
Taichung 飼
Tainan 飼
Hsinchu 飼
Kinmen 飼
Penghu (Magong) 飼
Penang (Hokkien) 飼
Singapore (Hokkien) 飼
Longyan 飼
Zhangping 飼
Datian 飼
Chaozhou 飼
Shantou 飼
Jieyang 飼
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 飼
Singapore (Teochew) 飼
Leizhou 飼
Wenchang 飼
Haikou 飼
Puxian Min Putian 飼
Xianyou 飼
Central Min Yong'an 供
Sanming (Sanyuan) 供
Sanming (Shaxian) 供
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 養
Wu Shanghai 養
Danyang 養
Hangzhou 養
Dialectal synonyms of 養 (“to raise; to provide for (people)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 養
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 養
Singapore 養
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 養
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 養
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 養
Cantonese Hong Kong 養
Singapore (Guangfu) 養
Gan Nanchang 養
Pingxiang 養
Huizhou Jixi 養
Jin Taiyuan 養
Eastern Min Fuzhou 養
Southern Min Xiamen 飼
Xiamen (Tong'an) 飼
Quanzhou 飼
Yongchun 飼
Zhangzhou 飼
Tainan 飼
Singapore (Hokkien) 飼
Chaozhou 飼
Singapore (Teochew) 飼
Wenchang 飼
Haikou 飼
Qionghai 飼
Wu Shanghai 養
Danyang 養
Hangzhou 養
  • (to give birth to):
Dialectal synonyms of 生 (“to give birth to”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 生
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 生
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 生
Singapore 生
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 生
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 生
Ürümqi 生
Southwestern Mandarin Wuhan 生
Cantonese Guangzhou 生, 臊
Hong Kong 生, 臊
Dongguan 生
Singapore (Guangfu) 生
Gan Nanchang 生
Huizhou Jixi 生
Jin Taiyuan 生
Northern Min Jian'ou 洗
Eastern Min Fuzhou 生
Southern Min Xiamen 生
Quanzhou 生
Zhangzhou 生
Tainan 生
Singapore (Hokkien) 生
Manila (Hokkien) 生
Singapore (Teochew) 生
Haikou 生
Wu Shanghai 養 especially of human beings, 生
Suzhou 養 especially of human beings, 生
Wenzhou 生
Jinhua 生
Xiang Loudi 生

Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (養):
  • → Vietnamese: dưỡng (養)

Others:

Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character 養
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 餘亮切
Baxter yangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jɨaŋH/
Li
Rong 		/iaŋH/
Wang
Li 		/jĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		joeng6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 養
Reading # 2/2
No. 14616
Phonetic
component 		養
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		漾
Old
Chinese 		/*laŋs/

Definitions

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養

  1. to support and provide for (parents or elder relatives)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 養
Kyūjitai
[1]
養󠄁
養+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
養󠄄
養+&#xE0104;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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養

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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Compounds

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Compounds


Kanji in this term
養
よう
Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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Affix

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養(よう) • (yō) ←やう (yau)?

  1. to raise; to rear; to bring up
  2. to support

References

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  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2337 (paper), page 1220 (digital)

Korean

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Hanja

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養 (eumhun 기를 양 (gireul yang))

  1. hanja form? of 양 (“to raise”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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養: Hán Nôm readings: dưỡng, dẳng, dường

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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