χάσμα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From χάσκω (kháskō, “I yawn, gape”) +‎ -μα (-ma, result noun suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kʰáz.ma/ → /ˈxaz.ma/ → /ˈxaz.ma/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰáz.ma/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰaz.ma/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈxaz.ma/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈxaz.ma/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈxaz.ma/

Noun

χάσμα • (khásma) n (genitive χάσματος); third declension

1. hollow, chasm, gulf
2. open mouth
3. space, expanse

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ χάσμα; τοῦ χάσματος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ χάσμα tò khásma	τὼ χάσματε tṑ khásmate	τᾰ̀ χάσματᾰ tà khásmata
Genitive	τοῦ χάσματος toû khásmatos	τοῖν χασμάτοιν toîn khasmátoin	τῶν χασμάτων tôn khasmátōn
Dative	τῷ χάσματῐ tôi khásmati	τοῖν χασμάτοιν toîn khasmátoin	τοῖς χάσμασῐ / χάσμασῐν toîs khásmasi(n)
Accusative	τὸ χάσμα tò khásma	τὼ χάσματε tṑ khásmate	τᾰ̀ χάσματᾰ tà khásmata
Vocative	χάσμα khásma	χάσματε khásmate	χάσματᾰ khásmata
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• Greek: χάσμα (chásma)
• → Latin: chasma
  • → English: chasm, chasma

References

• “χάσμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “χάσμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• χάσμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G5490 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • abyss idem, page 5.
  • aperture idem, page 33.
  • cavity idem, page 120.
  • chasm idem, page 127.
  • cleft idem, page 137.
  • crack idem, page 181.
  • crevice idem, page 184.
  • fissure idem, page 323.
  • gulf idem, page 379.
  • hole idem, page 403.
  • opening idem, page 576.
  • rent idem, page 695.
  • rift idem, page 714.
  • split idem, page 803.
  • yawning idem, page 995.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

Learnedly, from Ancient Greek χάσμα (khásma), from χάσκω (kháskō). For the sense "gap", semantic loan from English chasm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxa.zma/
• Hyphenation: χά‧σμα

Noun

χάσμα • (chásma) n (plural χάσματα)

1. chasm
2. gap
3. (figuratively) chasm, rift

Declension

Declension of χάσμα

	singular	plural
nominative	χάσμα (chásma)	χάσματα (chásmata)
genitive	χάσματος (chásmatos)	χασμάτων (chasmáton)
accusative	χάσμα (chásma)	χάσματα (chásmata)
vocative	χάσμα (chásma)	χάσματα (chásmata)

Synonyms

geology:

• φαράγγι n (farángi)
• χαράδρα f (charádra)

Coordinate terms

• βάραθρο n (várathro, “precipice”)
• ρήγμα n (rígma, “rift”)

Related terms

• see: χάσκω (chásko)

Further reading

• χάσμα on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el