игра

Bulgarian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *jьgra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [iˈɡra]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

игра́ • (igrá) f (relational adjective игра́лен)

1. game (pursuit or activity for entertainment)

Declension

Declension of игра́

	singular	plural
indefinite	игра́ igrá	игри́ igrí
definite	игра́та igráta	игри́те igríte

References

• “игра”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

Etymology 2

From Bulgarian играя (igraja).

Verb

игра́ • (igrá)

1. second/third-person singular aorist indicative of игра́я (igrája)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈiɡra]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: иг‧ра

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьgra.

Noun

игра • (igra) f (plural игри)

1. game
2. dance

Declension

Declension of игра

	singular	plural
indefinite	игра	игри
definite unspecified	играта	игрите
definite proximal	играва	игриве
definite distal	играна	игрине
vocative	игро	игри

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьgrati, from *jьgra.

Verb

игра • (igra) third-singular present, impf (perfective изигра or одигра)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to play
2. (transitive, intransitive) to dance

Conjugation

Conjugation of игра (imperfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	играл	—	adjectival participle	игран
feminine	играла	—	adverbial participle	играјќи
neuter	играло	—	verbal noun	играње
plural	играле	—	perfect participle	играно
	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	играм	играв	—	—
2nd singular	играш	играше	—	играј
3rd singular	игра	играше	—	—
1st plural	играме	игравме	—	—
2nd plural	играте	игравте	—	играјте
3rd plural	играат	играа	—	—
Compound tenses
perfect	сум играл		present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle
има-perfect	имам играно		present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect	бев играл		imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав играно		imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал играно		perfect of има + perfect participle
future	ќе играм		ќе + present
има-future	ќе имам играно		future of има + perfect participle
future in the past	ќе играв		ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав играно		future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум играл		ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал играно		future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional	би играл		би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional	би имал играно		conditional of има + perfect participle

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic игра (igra), from Proto-Slavic *jьgra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɪˈɡra]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

игра́ • (igrá) f inan (genitive игры́, nominative plural и́гры, genitive plural игр, relational adjective иго́рный or игрово́й)

1. game

   игра́ в мяч ― igrá v mjač ― ball game

2. a sport which is played (also спорти́вная игра́ (sportívnaja igrá))
3. (action): play in the following senses:
   1. Activity for amusement only, especially among the young.
   2. Similar activity, in young animals, as they explore their environment and learn new skills.
   3. (ethology) "Repeated, incompletely functional behavior differing from more serious versions ..., and initiated voluntarily when ... in a low-stress setting."
   4. An individual's performance in a sport or game.
4. acting, performance

   игра́ актёра ― igrá aktjóra ― an actor’s performance

5. role-playing (also ролева́я игра́ (rolevája igrá))
6. playing (a musical instrument)

   игра́ на гита́ре ― igrá na gitáre ― playing the guitar

7. movement of gas bubbles in a sparkling drink
8. (figuratively) glitter, sparkle, radiance (of precious stones)

Declension

Declension of игра́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	игра́ igrá	и́гры ígry
genitive	игры́ igrý	и́гр ígr
dative	игре́ igré	и́грам ígram
accusative	игру́ igrú	и́гры ígry
instrumental	игро́й, игро́ю igrój, igróju	и́грами ígrami
prepositional	игре́ igré	и́грах ígrax

Pre-reform declension of игра́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	игра́ igrá	и́гры ígry
genitive	игры́ igrý	и́гръ ígr
dative	игрѣ́ igrě́	и́грамъ ígram
accusative	игру́ igrú	и́гры ígry
instrumental	игро́й, игро́ю igrój, igróju	и́грами ígrami
prepositional	игрѣ́ igrě́	и́грахъ ígrax

Derived terms

• иго́рный (igórnyj), игри́стый (igrístyj), игрово́й (igrovój)
• и́грище n (ígrišče)
• игро́к m anim (igrók)
• игру́н m anim (igrún)
  • игру́нка f anim (igrúnka)
• игру́шка f inan (igrúška)
  • игру́шечный (igrúšečnyj)

Phrases

• игра́ в одни́ воро́та f (igrá v odní voróta)
• игра́ в одну́ кали́тку f (igrá v odnú kalítku)
• игра́ сло́в f (igrá slóv)
• ка́рточная игра́ f (kártočnaja igrá)

Related terms

• игра́ть impf (igrátʹ)
  • игра́льный (igrálʹnyj)

See also

• ничья́ f (ničʹjá)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “игра”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “игра”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 334

Anagrams

• ирга́ f (irgá)
• ри́га f (ríga)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьgra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ǐɡra/
• Hyphenation: и‧гра

Noun

ѝгра f (Latin spelling ìgra)

1. play
2. game
3. (Bosnia, Serbia) dance

Declension

Declension of игра

	singular	plural
nominative	ѝгра	игре
genitive	игре	ига́ра̄
dative	игри	играма
accusative	игру	игре
vocative	игро	игре
locative	игри	играма
instrumental	игром	играма

Further reading

• “игра”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024