菊

菊 U+83CA, 菊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83CA ← 菉 [U+83C9] CJK Unified Ideographs 菋 → [U+83CB]

菊 U+2F9A1, 菊 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9A1 ← 荓 [U+2F9A0] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 菌 → [U+2F9A2]

Translingual

Han character

菊 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿心火木 (TPFD), four-corner 4492₇, composition ⿱艹匊)

Derived characters

• 𫣟, 𱔚, 𡡣, 𢵗, 𬈵, 𣚭, 𮴱, 𬖶, 𬣇, 𬧰, 𲇣, 𬰩, 𬹄

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1037, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31153
• Dae Jaweon: page 1495, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3238, character 1
• Unihan data for U+83CA

• Unihan data for U+2F9A1

Chinese

trad.		菊
simp. #		菊
alternative forms		鞠 䕮

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 菊
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (匊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
菊	*kuɡ
鞠	*kuɡ, *kʰuɡ, *ɡuɡ
掬	*kluɡ
匊	*kluɡ
鵴	*kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
椈	*kuɡ
諊	*kuɡ
踘	*kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
趜	*kuɡ, *ɡuɡ
蘜	*kuɡ
鞫	*kuɡ
巈	*kuɡ
麴	*kʰuɡ
毱	*ɡuɡ
驧	*ɡuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuɡ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 鞠 (ball)?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jú (ju²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ju²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): guk¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): jiuh⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khiuk

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kiug⁵

• Jin (Wiktionary): jyeh⁴
• Northern Min (KCR): gṳ̆
• Eastern Min (BUC): gé̤ṳk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kiok / kak / kek

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gêg⁴

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷ciuq; ⁷cioq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jy⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jú
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyú
    • Wade–Giles: chü²
    • Yale: jyú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
    • Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ju²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gy
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: guk¹
    • Yale: gūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: gug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jiuh⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiug^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kiug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kiug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰiʊk̚¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jyeh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕyəʔ²/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ̆
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ky²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gé̤ṳk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /køyʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiok
    • Tâi-lô: kiok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiog
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔk̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kak
    • Tâi-lô: kak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kag
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek
    • Tâi-lô: kik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: keg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪk̚³²/

Note:

• kiok - literary;
• kak/kek - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: gêg⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kek
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kek̚²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷ciuq; ⁷cioq
    • MiniDict: ciuih^入; cioh^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴jyq; ⁴jioq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕioʔ⁵⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: jy⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy²⁴/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 菊
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕy³⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕy²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕy²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕy¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕy¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕy²¹³/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕy³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕiu²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕi³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕyəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕioʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕɤu²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕiuʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕiu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕy²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕiəɯ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰiuk̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/kʰiuk̚²²/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kok̚⁵/
	Nanning	/kuk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kuk̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kiɔk̚³²/ /kik̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/køyʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ky²⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/kik̚²/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/kiak̚⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjuwk

Rime
Character	菊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居六切
Baxter	kjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuwk̚/
Li Rong	/kiuk̚/
Wang Li	/kĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ju
Expected Cantonese Reflex	guk1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kuɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菊
Reading #	1/1
No.	7005
Phonetic component	匊
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	菊
Old Chinese	/*kuɡ/

Definitions

菊

1. (literary, or in compounds) chrysanthemum
2. (in compounds) A plant of Asteraceae or with chrysanthemum-like flowers

   雛菊／雏菊  ―  chújú  ―  Bellis perennis

   松葉菊／松叶菊  ―  sōngyèjú  ―  Lampranthus spectabilis

3. (informal, euphemistic) anus; asshole
   • 2021 April, 蔡戴梅, “【科普】“菊花”残，满心伤，你的痛苦我知道”, in 仁医报‎^[1], number 103, page 3:

     与其为得了痔疮而懊恼，为痔疮术后一次次换药而伤神，不如现在就摈弃不良的生活方式，好好呵护自己的“菊花”，做好“护菊”口诀 [MSC, simp.]
     與其為得了痔瘡而懊惱，為痔瘡術後一次次換藥而傷神，不如現在就擯棄不良的生活方式，好好呵護自己的“菊花”，做好“護菊”口訣 [MSC, trad.]

     Yǔqí wèi déle zhìchuāng ér àonǎo, wèi zhìchuāng shù hòu yīcìcì huàn yào ér shāngshén, bùrú xiànzài jiù bìnqì bùliáng de shēnghuófāngshì, hǎohāo hēhù zìjǐ de “júhuā”, zuòhǎo “hù jú” kǒujué [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2022 July 8, 朕說·黃桑, 《朕說怪奇百科：人類篇》, Taipei: 時報文化出版, →ISBN, page 276:

     喂，110嗎，有人虐菊！ [MSC, trad.]
     喂，110吗，有人虐菊！ [MSC, simp.]

     Wéi, 110 ma, yǒurén nüè jú! [Pinyin]

     Hello, is it 110? Someone is abusing their butthole!

4. a surname: Ju

Synonyms

• (chrysanthemum):

edit

• 九花 (jiǔhuā)
• 九花兒／九花儿 (jiǔhuār) (Beijing Mandarin)
• 壽客／寿客 (shòukè) (literary)
• 女華／女华 (nǚhuá) (literary)
• 家菊 (jiājú) (literary)
• 延年 (yánnián) (literary)
• 日精 (rìjīng) (literary)
• 秋菊 (qiūjú) (literary)
• 菊花 (júhuā)
• 金英 (jīnyīng) (literary)
• 陶菊 (táojú) (literary)
• 隱逸花／隐逸花 (yǐnyìhuā) (literary)
• 黃華／黄华 (huánghuá) (literary)

 

• (anus):

Dialectal synonyms of 肛門 (“anus”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		肛門
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	屁眼兒, 屁股眼兒, 屁股門兒, 眼子
	Taiwan	屁眼, 菊花, 菊部, 菊, 後庭
	Harbin	屁眼兒, 屁眼子, 屁門子, 腚眼子
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	屁眼兒
	Jinan	腚眼, 腚眼子, 腚眼兒, 糞門 Hui
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	腚格眼子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	屁股眼兒
	Wanrong	溝子門
	Xi'an	溝門子
	Xining	溝門子
	Xuzhou	腚眼兒, 腚眼子, 屁眼兒, 屁股眼兒, 屁眼子, 屁股眼子, 糞門, 腚門子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	溝門子
	Lanzhou	溝門子
	Ürümqi	溝門眼子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	屁眼兒, 屁兒㞘㞘, 屁兒
	Wuhan	屁眼, 屁股門
	Guiyang	屁眼
	Guilin	屁眼
	Liuzhou	屁股眼
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	屁眼兒, 屁股眼兒, 糞門
	Yangzhou	屁眼
	Nantong	屁眼兒
Cantonese	Guangzhou	屎窟窿, 菊花
	Hong Kong	屎窟窿, 噼噼窿, 屎眼, 菊花, 後庭
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	屎窟窿
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	屎窟窿
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	屎窟窿
	Dongguan	屎窟窿
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	屎窟窿
	Singapore (Guangfu)	屎窟窿
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	屎窟窿
Gan	Nanchang	屁眼
	Lichuan	屎窟
	Pingxiang	屁股眼
Hakka	Meixian	屎窟門
	Xingning	屎窟眼
	Huidong (Daling)	屎窟門
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	屎窟
	Wengyuan	屎窟
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	屎窟門
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	屎窟
	Liannan	屎窟
	Jiexi	屎窟空
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	屎窟窿
	Changting	屎窟窿
	Wuping	屎窟窿
	Wuping (Yanqian)	屎胈窿
	Wuping (Pingyu)	屎窟眼
	Liancheng	屎窟窿
	Ninghua	屎窟眼
	Yudu	屎窟眼
	Ningdu	屎窟窿
	Ruijin	屎窟眼
	Shicheng	屎窟眼
	Shangyou (Shexi)	屎窟眼
	Tonggu (Sandu)	屁股眼
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	屎眼
	Dayu	屎窟眼
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	屎窟空
	Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	屎窟空
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	屎窟空
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	糞門
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	糞口
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	糞門
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	糞門
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	糞門, 屎窟門, 屎窟空
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	屎窟空
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	屎窟空
	Hong Kong	屎窟門
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	屎窟窿
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	屎窟
	Xinyi (Sihe)	屎窟窿
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	屎窟窿
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	屎窟窿
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	屎窟窿
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	屎窟窿
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	屎窟窿
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	屎窟
	Mengshan (Xihe)	屎窟眼
	Luchuan	屎窟窿
	Mashan (Pianlian)	屎窟窿
	Senai (Huiyang)	屎窟窿
	Singkawang	屎窟空
Huizhou	Jixi	屁股窿
	Shexian	屁股眼
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	屎窟眼兒
Jin	Taiyuan	屁眼
	Xinzhou	屁眼, 屁窟
Northern Min	Jian'ou	腠䫌川, 腠川
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	腠貢
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	屎窟門
	Pucheng (Shibei)	屎窟川
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	股川空
	Fuqing	股川空
Southern Min	Xiamen	尻川頭, 尻川口, 糞口, 尾口
	Quanzhou	尻川頭, 尻川口, 糞口, 尾口, 尻川斗
	Zhangzhou	糞口, 尾口
	Yunxiao	尻川
	Zhao'an	尻川
	Dongshan	尻川空
	Taipei	尻川頭, 雨傘襇
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	尻川頭, 尻川空
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	雨傘襇
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	尻川
	Kaohsiung	尻川頭
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	尻川頭
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	尻川仔
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	尻川頭仔
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	尻川頭
	Yilan	尻川斗, 雨傘襇
	Yilan (Toucheng)	尻川空
	Changhua (Lukang)	尻川頭
	Taichung	尻川頭
	Tainan	雨傘襇
	Tainan (Anping)	尻川口
	Hsinchu	尻川口, 尻川頭
	Kinmen	尻川口
	Penghu (Magong)	糞口, 尻川頭
	Penghu (Xiyu)	尻川頭
	Penang (Hokkien)	尻川空
	Singapore (Hokkien)	尻川空
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	尻川空
	Guilin (Biyange)	尻川門
	Shantou	尻川
	Jieyang	尻川
	Haifeng	尻川, 繭
	Bangkok (Teochew)	尻川
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	肛門
	Leizhou	尻川空, 尻川門
	Haikou	尻川門
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	腸頭
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	屎窟窿, 屎窟, 屁股窿
Wu	Shanghai	屁眼, 洞疘, 臀疘
	Shanghai (Chongming)	洞疘
	Suzhou	屎眼, 屎孔
	Wuxi	洞疘
	Danyang	洞疘, 屁眼
	Hangzhou	屁股眼兒, 洞疘
	Ningbo	屁眼
	Wenzhou	臀卵孔頭, 臀卵孔, 臀卵髀頭兒, 屙臀孔
	Jinhua	屁股洞
Xiang	Changsha	屁眼
	Xiangtan	屁眼
	Loudi	屁眼
	Hengyang	屁眼

Compounds

• 八月菊
• 千日菊
• 南菊寺 (Nánjúsì)
• 四色菊 (Sìsèjú)
• 大理菊
• 天人菊
• 延命菊 (yánmìngjú, “daisy”)
• 春蘭秋菊／春兰秋菊
• 杭菊
• 杯菊 (bēijú)
• 波斯菊
• 牛膝菊 (niúxījú)
• 甘菊 (gānjú)
• 矢車菊／矢车菊 (shǐchējú)
• 萬壽菊／万寿菊 (wànshòujú)
• 翠菊 (cuìjú)
• 茶菊
• 菊壇／菊坛
• 菊月 (Júyuè, “ninth month of the Chinese calendar”)
• 菊枕
• 菊版
• 菊石
• 菊科 (júkē)
• 菊秋
• 菊糖
• 菊老荷枯
• 菊芋 (júyù)
• 菊花 (júhuā, “chrysanthemum flower”)
• 菊花節／菊花节
• 菊花與劍／菊花与剑
• 菊花茶 (júhuā chá, “chrysanthemum flower tea”)
• 菊花酒
• 菊苣 (jújù)
• 藍菊／蓝菊 (lánjú)
• 野菊 (yějú)
• 金光菊 (jīnguāngjú)
• 除蟲菊／除虫菊
• 雛菊／雏菊 (chújú, “daisy”)
• 非洲菊

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (菊):

• → Japanese: 菊(きく) (kiku)
• → Korean: 국(菊) (guk)
• → Vietnamese: cúc (菊)

References

• “菊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

菊

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
• Nanori: あき (aki)、ひ (hi)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
菊
きく Grade: S
on'yomi

菊 (kiku): silver chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum japonense, one of many chrysanthemum species

From Middle Chinese 菊 (MC kjuwk).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きく [kìkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• (Tokyo) きく [kìkú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kʲikɯ̟]

Noun

菊(きく) or 菊(キク) • (kiku) 

1. a chrysanthemum

   Synonyms: 河原薺蒿 (kawara ohagi), 河原艾 (kawara yomogi)

2. a kind of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with a chrysanthemum flower design
3. Short for 菊襲 (kikugasane): a type of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, “garment-layering color combination”) with white overlayers and purple/sappanwood red inner layers
4. a loop in the shape of a chrysanthemum flower
5. Short for 菊腸 (kikuwata): the intestines of a cod, resembling that of a chrysanthemum flower
6. (card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of September

   Coordinate terms: 松, 梅, 桜, 藤, 菖蒲, 牡丹, 萩, 芒, 菊, 紅葉, 柳, 桐

7. in a 京阪 (Keihan) vegetable market, a sign representing the number 9
8. (euphemistic) the anus

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as キク.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 菊戴(キクイタダキ) (kiku-itadaki)
• キク科(か), 菊(きく)科(か) (kikuka)
• 菊(きく)花(か) (kikuka), 菊(きっ)花(か) (kikka)
• 菊(きく)襲(がさね) (kikugasane)
• 菊月(きくげつ) (kikugetsu)
• 菊月(きくづき) (kikuzuki)
• 菊(きく)見(み) (kikumi)
• 菊(キク)藻(モ) (kikumo)
• 菊腸(きくわた) (kikuwata)
• 東菊(アズマギク) (azumagiku)
• 磯菊(イソギク) (isogiku)
• 兎菊(ウサギギク) (usagigiku)
• 延命菊(えんめいぎく) (enmeigiku)
• 寒菊(カンギク) (kangiku)
• 観菊(かんぎく) (kangiku)
• 麒麟菊(キリンギク) (kiringiku)
• 沢菊(サワギク) (sawagiku)
• 残菊(ざんぎく) (zangiku)
• 塩竈菊(シオガマギク) (shiogamagiku)
• 春(しゅん)菊(ぎく) (shungiku)
• 除(ジョ)虫(チュウ)菊(ギク) (jochūgiku)
• 白菊(しらぎく) (shiragiku), 白菊(しろぎく) (shirogiku)
• 野(の)菊(ぎく) (nogiku)
• 野路(ノジ)菊(ギク) (nojigiku)
• 浜菊(ハマギく) (hamagiku)
• 雛菊(ヒナギク) (hinagiku)
• 襤褸菊(ボロギク) (borogiku)
• 松葉菊(マツバギク) (matsubagiku)
• 水菊(ミズギく) (mizugiku)
• 乱菊(らんぎく) (rangiku)
• 矢車菊(ヤグルマギク) (yagurumagiku)

Proper noun

菊(きく) • (Kiku) 

1. a female given name

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 菊 (MC kjuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 국〮 (kwúk) (Yale: kwuk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

菊 (eumhun 국화 국 (gukhwa guk))

1. hanja form^? of 국 (“chrysanthemum”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 국화 (菊花, gukhwa)
• 국과 (菊科, gukgwa)
• 국월 (菊月, gugwol)
• 야국 (野菊, yaguk)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

菊: Hán Nôm readings: cúc

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