-о

See also: о, ѿ, О, ӧ, о-, о., and -о-

Belarusian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [o]

Suffix

-о́ • (-ó)

1. Stressed variant of -а (-a).

Derived terms

Belarusian terms suffixed with -о

Bulgarian

Suffix

-о • (-o)

1. Suffix added to adjectives to produce adverbs.

   ‎я́сен (jásen, “clear”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎я́сно (jásno, “clearly”)

Derived terms

Bulgarian terms suffixed with -о

Russian

Alternative forms

• -е (-e) — after palatalized consonants, hushing consonants and ц

Pronunciation

• -о: IPA^(key): [ə]
• -о́: IPA^(key): [ˈo]

Suffix

-о or -о́ • (-o or -ó)

1. Suffix added to adjectives to produce adverbs; highly productive

   ‎однозна́чный (odnoznáčnyj, “unambiguous”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎однозна́чно (odnoznáčno, “unambiguously”)

   ‎бы́стрый (býstryj, “quick, fast”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎бы́стро (býstro, “quickly”)

   ‎сме́лый (smélyj, “brave”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎сме́ло (smélo, “bravely”)

   ‎го́рький (górʹkij, “bitter”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎го́рько (górʹko, “bitterly”)

   ‎со́бственный (sóbstvennyj, “(one's) own”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎со́бственно (sóbstvenno, “in fact, as a matter of fact”)

   ‎больно́й (bolʹnój, “sick, painful”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎бо́льно (bólʹno, “painfully; extremely”)

   ‎глухо́й (gluxój, “deaf; dull, muffled”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎глу́хо (glúxo, “deafly; dully, in a muffled manner”)

   ‎дорого́й (dorogój, “expensive, dear”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎до́рого (dórogo, “expensively, dearly”)

   ‎ра́вный (rávnyj, “equal”) + ‎-о́ (-ó) → ‎равно́ (ravnó, “equally”)

   ‎смешно́й (smešnój, “funny, comic”) + ‎-о́ (-ó) → ‎смешно́ (smešnó, “in a funny manner, comically”)

   ‎у́мный (úmnyj, “clever, wise”) + ‎-о́ (-ó) → ‎умно́ (umnó, “cleverly, wisely”)

   ‎лёгкий (ljóxkij, “light; easy”) + ‎-о́ (-ó) → ‎легко́ (lexkó, “lightly; easily”)

   ‎хоро́ший (xoróšij, “good”) + ‎-о́ (-ó) → ‎хорошо́ (xorošó, “well”)

   ‎горя́чий (gorjáčij, “hot; hot-tempered”) + ‎-о́ (-ó) → ‎горячо́ (gorjačó, “hotly, warmly; passionately”)

   ‎да́вний (dávnij, “old, ancient, bygone”) + ‎-о́ (-ó) → ‎давно́ (davnó, “long ago”)

Usage notes

• The ending is most commonly unstressed even when the adjective is ending-stressed, but is sometimes stressed. Most of the time, whether the adverbial ending is unstressed or stressed follows the corresponding short neuter singular form of the adjective.
• This ending replaces -е (-e) when stressed.

Derived terms

Russian terms suffixed with -о

See also

• -и (-i) (used to form adverbs from adjectives whose stem ends in -ск- or -ий-/-j-)

Ukrainian

Alternative forms

• -ьо (-ʹo) — with adjectives with a soft ending
• -е (-e) — with some adjectives, predominantly comparatives

Pronunciation

• -о: IPA^(key): [ ɔ]

Suffix

-о • (-o)

1. Suffix added to adjectives to produce adverbs.

   ‎глибо́кий (hlybókyj, “deep”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎гли́боко (hlýboko, “deeply”)

   ‎ти́хий (týxyj, “quiet”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎ти́хо (týxo, “quietly”)

   ‎очеви́дний (očevýdnyj, “obvious”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎очеви́дно (očevýdno, “obviously”)

   ‎прости́й (prostýj, “simple”) + ‎-о (-o) → ‎про́сто (prósto, “simply”)

2. Suffix added to adjectives and past participles to form predicatives or impersonal forms without a gendered referent.

   Тут ти́хо. ― Tut týxo. ― It is quiet here.

   Це неможли́во. ― Ce nemožlývo. ― That is impossible.

   Зна́йдено нови́й вид! ― Znájdeno novýj vyd! ― New species found!

Usage notes

• The ending is almost always unstressed, even when the base adjective has its stress on the ending.

Derived terms

Ukrainian terms suffixed with -о