Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-jan

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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

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Etymology

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    From Proto-Germanic *-janą.

    Suffix

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    *-jan

    1. Creates denominative verbs from nouns.
    2. Creates factitive verbs from adjectives.

    Inflection

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    Class 1 weak
    Infinitive *-jan
    1st sg. past *-idā
    Infinitive *-jan
    Genitive infin. *-jannjas
    Dative infin. *-jannjē
    Instrum. infin. *-jannju
    Indicative Present Past
    1st singular *-ju *-idā
    2nd singular *-isi *-idēs, *-idōs
    3rd singular *-iþi *-idē, *-idā
    1st plural *-jum *-idum
    2nd plural *-iþ *-idud
    3rd plural *-janþ *-idun
    Subjunctive Present Past
    1st singular *-jē *-idī
    2nd singular *-jēs *-idī
    3rd singular *-jē *-idī
    1st plural *-jēm *-idīm
    2nd plural *-jēþ *-idīd
    3rd plural *-jēn *-idīn
    Imperative Present
    Singular *-i
    Plural *-iþ
    Present Past
    Participle *-jandī *-id

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • Old English: -an (merged with strong verb ending), -ian (after r).
    • Old Frisian: -a (merged with strong verb ending), -ia (after r)
    • Old Saxon: -ian
      • Middle Low German: -en (merged with all other verbs)
        • German Low German: -en
    • Old Dutch: -en, -ien (after r)
      • Middle Dutch: -en (merged with all other verbs)
    • Old High German: -en, -ien (after r)
      • Middle High German: -en (merged with all other verbs)