and
Translingual
[edit]Symbol
[edit]and
See also
[edit]English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (stressed form) enPR: ănd, ĕnd IPA(key): /ænd/, /ɛnd/
- (unstressed form) enPR: ən(d) IPA(key): /ənd/, /ən/, /æn/, /ɛn/, /ɛnd/, /n̩d/, /n̩/
Audio (US); “ham and eggs”: (file) Audio (Southern England, unstressed form): (file)
- Homophone: (unstressed form, also for some speakers stressed form) end
- (unstressed form) Homophone: an
Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Middle English and, an, from Old English and, ond, end, from Proto-West Germanic *andi, from Proto-Germanic *andi, *anþi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Cognate with Scots an (“and”), North Frisian en (“and”), West Frisian en, in (“and”), Yiddish און (un, “and”), Low German un (“and”), Dutch en (“and”), German und (“and”), Danish end (“but”), Swedish än (“yet, but”), Icelandic and Norwegian enn (“still, yet”), Albanian edhe (“and”) (dialectal ênde, ênne), ende (“still, yet, therefore”), Latin ante (“opposite, in front of”), and Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “opposite, facing”). Doublet of an ("if").
Alternative forms
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]and
- As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other.
- Used simply to connect two noun phrases, adjectives or adverbs. [from 8th c.]
- c. 1430 (reprinted 1888), Thomas Austin, ed., Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 [Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91], London: N. Trübner & Co. for the Early English Text Society, volume I, OCLC 374760, page 11:
- Soupes dorye. — Take gode almaunde mylke […] caste þher-to Safroun an Salt […]
- c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:
- Sweet lady, you have given me life and living; […]
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:1:
- In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
- 1817 (date written), [Jane Austen], Persuasion; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion. […], volume (please specify |volume=III or IV), London: John Murray, […], 20 December 1817 (indicated as 1818), →OCLC:
- as for Mrs. Smith, she had claims of various kinds to recommend her quickly and permanently.
- 2011 November 5, Mark Townsend, The Guardian:
- ‘The UKBA has some serious explaining to do if it is routinely carrying out such abusive and unlawful inspections.’
- c. 1430 (reprinted 1888), Thomas Austin, ed., Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 [Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91], London: N. Trübner & Co. for the Early English Text Society, volume I, OCLC 374760, page 11:
- Simply connecting two clauses or sentences. [from 8th c.]
- 1991, Jung Chang, Wild Swans:
- When she saw several boys carrying a huge wooden case full of porcelain, she mumbled to Jinming that she was going to have a look, and left the room.
- 2011 November 5, Helena Smith, Tom Kington, The Guardian:
- "Consensus is essential for the country," he said, adding that he was not "tied" to his post and was willing to step aside.
- Introducing a clause or sentence which follows on in time or consequence from the first. [from 9th c.]
- 1996, David Beasley, Chocolate for the Poor:
- ‘But if you think you can get it, Christian, you're a fool. Set one foot upcountry and I'll kill you.’
- 2004 August 22, Will Buckley, The Observer:
- One more error and all the good work she had done on Friday would be for nought.
- 2007: Jimmy Carr, 8 out of 10 Cats, 13th day of July episode
- Romance is dead; men killed it, and made women clean up the mess.
- (obsolete) Yet; but. [10th–17th c.]
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew XXII::
- Hee said, I goe sir, and went not.
- Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (not dated); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now often omitted in US); to connect fractions to wholes. [from 10th c.]
- 1863 November 19, Abraham Lincoln, Dedicatory Remarks (Gettysburg Address)[2], near Soldiers' National Cemetery, →LCCN, Bliss copy, page 1:
- Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
- 1905 April–October, Upton Sinclair, chapter XXVI, in The Jungle, New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1906 February 26, →OCLC:
- In Chicago these latter were receiving, for the most part, eighteen and a half cents an hour, and the unions wished to make this the general wage for the next year.
- 1956, Dodie Smith, (title):
- The One Hundred and One Dalmatians.
- (now colloquial or literary) Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.
- 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:
- And these does she apply, for warnings and portents, / And euils imminent; and on her knee / Hath begg'd, that I will stay at home to day.
- 1939, Langley, Ryerson & Woolf, The Wizard of Oz (screenplay):
- Lions, and tigers, and bears! Oh, my!
- Connecting two identical elements, with implications of continued or infinite repetition. [from 10th c.]
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms CXLV::
- I will extol thee, my God, O king; and I will bless thy name for ever and ever.
- 2011 March 18, Jonathan Watts, The Guardian:
- He was at work in a nearby city when the tsunami struck. ‘As soon as I saw it, I called home. It rang and rang, but there was no answer.’
- Introducing a parenthetical or explanatory clause. [from 10th c.]
- 1918, George W. E. Russell, Prime Ministers and Some Others:
- The word "capable" occurs in Mr. Fisher's Bill, and rightly, because our mental and physical capacities are infinitely varied.
- 2008 January 29, The Guardian:
- President Pervez Musharraf is undoubtedly sincere in his belief that he, and he alone, can save Pakistan from the twin perils of terrorism and anarchy.
- Introducing the continuation of narration from a previous understood point; also used alone as a question: ‘and so what?’.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation XIV::
- And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder: and I heard the voice of harpers harping with their harps […].
- 1860 December – 1861 August, Charles Dickens, Great Expectations […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, […], published October 1861, →OCLC:
- ‘You take it smoothly now,’ said I, ‘but you were very serious last night, when you swore it was Death.’ ‘And so I swear it is Death,’ said he, putting his pipe back in his mouth […].
- 1914, Saki, ‘The Lull’, Beasts and Superbeasts:
- ‘And, Vera,’ added Mrs. Durmot, turning to her sixteen-year-old niece, ‘be careful what colour ribbon you wear in your hair […].’
- (now dialectal or somewhat colloquial) Used to connect two verbs where the second is dependent on the first: ‘to’. Used especially after come, go and try. [from 14th c.]
- 1817 (date written), Jane Austen, edited by R[aymond] W[ilson] Chambers, Fragment of a Novel Written by Jane Austen, January–March 1817 […] [Sanditon], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, published 1925, →OCLC:
- Beyond paying her a few charming compliments and amusing her with gay conversation, had he done anything at all to try and gain her affection?
- 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:
- "What have you a been and given Pitt's wife?" said the individual in ribbons, when Pitt and Lady Jane had taken leave of the old gentleman.
- 1989, James Kelman, A Disaffection:
- Remember and help yourself to the soup! called Gavin.
- Introducing a qualitative difference between things having the same name; "as well as other". [from 16th c.]
- 1936, The Labour Monthly, volume XVIII:
- Undoubtedly every party makes mistakes. But there are mistakes and mistakes.
- 1972, Esquire, volume LXXVIII:
- "There are managers and there are managers," he tells me. "I'm totally involved in every aspect of Nina's career."
- Used to combine numbers in addition; plus (with singular or plural verb). [from 17th c.]
- 1791, James Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson:
- ‘Nobody attempts to dispute that two and two make four: but with contests concerning moral truth, human passions are generally mixed […].’
- 1871, Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There:
- ‘Can you do Addition?’ the White Queen asked. ‘What's one and one and one and one and one and one and one and one and one and one?’
- Used simply to connect two noun phrases, adjectives or adverbs. [from 8th c.]
- (heading) Expressing a condition.
- (now US dialect) If; provided that. [from 13th c.]
- 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book VII:
- "Where ys Sir Launcelot?" seyde King Arthure. "And he were here, he wolde nat grucche to do batayle for you."
- 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew:
- Peter answered, and sayde: master, and thou be he, bidde me come unto the on the water.
- 1958, Shirley Ann Grau, The Hard Blue Sky:
- "And he went slower," Mike said softly, "he go better."
- (obsolete) As if, as though. [15th–17th c.]
- c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
- I will roare you, and 'twere any Nightingale.
- 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Innovations”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
- As they will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast their eggs.
- (now US dialect) If; provided that. [from 13th c.]
- (mathematics, logic) Connecting two well-formed formulas to create a new well-formed formula that requires it to only be true when both of the two formulas are true.
Usage notes
[edit]Beginning a sentence with and or other coordinating conjunctions is considered incorrect by classical grammarians arguing that a coordinating conjunction at the start of a sentence has nothing to connect, but use of the word in this way is very common. The practice will be found in literature from Anglo-Saxon times onwards, especially as an aid to continuity in narrative and dialogue. The OED provides examples from the 9th century to the 19th century, including one from Shakespeare’s King John: “Arthur. Must you with hot Irons, burne out both mine eyes? Hubert. Young boy, I must. Arthur. And will you? Hubert. And I will.” It is also used for other rhetorical purposes, especially to denote surprise
(O John! and you have seen him! And are you really going?—1884 in OED)
and sometimes just to introduce an improvised afterthought
(I’m going to swim. And don’t you dare watch—G. Butler, 1983)
It is, however, poor style to separate short statements into separate sentences when no special effect is needed: I opened the door and I looked into the room (not *I opened the door. And I looked into the room). Combining sentences or starting with in addition or moreover is preferred in formal writing.
And is often omitted for contextual effects of various kinds, especially between sequences of descriptive adjectives which can be separated by commas or simply by spaces
(The teeming jerrybuilt dun-coloured traffic-ridden deafening city—Penelope Lively, 1987)
In U.S. financial contexts such as cheque writing, and is often proscribed within full dollar amounts, reserved for use before the cent value. For instance, $150 is written "one hundred fifty", whereas "one hundred and fifty" is arguably ambiguously and could be taken to mean $100.50 instead. Some schools go so far as to teach that and literally means a decimal point, although a standard writing would at least denote the fractional dollar value as hundredths, e.g. with "/xx".
Synonyms
[edit]- (used to connect two similar words or phrases): as well as, together with, in addition to
- (informal): &, 'n', +
- (in artist collaborations): x
Derived terms
[edit]- Antigua and Barbuda, Bosnia and Herzegovina, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, São Tomé and Príncipe, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands, Wallis and Futuna
Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]See also
[edit]Noun
[edit]and (plural ands)
- (music, often informal) In rhythm, the second half of a divided beat.
- 2006, Gordon Goodwin, Gordon Goodwin's Big Phat Band: Trumpet, page 51:
- The same goes for measure 42, when you begin the phrase on the and of 1, because that kind of lick can easily bog down the time.
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Middle English ande, from Old English anda (“grudge, enmity, malice, envy, hatred, anger, zeal, annoyance, vexation; zeal; injury, mischief; fear, horror”) and Old Norse andi (“breath, wind, spirit”); both from Proto-Germanic *anadô (“breath, anger, zeal”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe, blow”).
Cognate with German Ahnd, And (“woe, grief”), Danish ånde (“breath”), Swedish anda, ande (“spirit, breath, wind, ingenuity, intellect”), Icelandic andi (“spirit”), Albanian ëndë (“pleasure, delight”), Latin animus (“spirit, soul”). Related to onde.
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]and (plural ands)
Etymology 3
[edit]Inherited from Middle English anden, from Old English andian (“to be envious or jealous, envy”) and Old Norse anda (“to breathe”); both from Proto-Germanic *anadōną (“to breathe, sputter”). Cognate with German ahnden (“to avenge, punish”), Danish ånde (“to breathe”), Swedish andas (“to breathe”), Icelandic anda (“to breathe”). See above.
Alternative forms
[edit]Verb
[edit]and (third-person singular simple present ands, present participle anding, simple past and past participle anded)
Anagrams
[edit]Azerbaijani
[edit]Cyrillic | анд | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | آند |
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *ānt (“oath”).[1] Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰦 (nt), Turkish ant.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]and (definite accusative andı, plural andlar)
Declension
[edit]Declension of and | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | and |
andlar | ||||||
definite accusative | andı |
andları | ||||||
dative | anda |
andlara | ||||||
locative | andda |
andlarda | ||||||
ablative | anddan |
andlardan | ||||||
definite genitive | andın |
andların |
Derived terms
[edit]- and içmək (“to take an oath”)
References
[edit]- ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Ānt”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Norse ǫnd, from Proto-Germanic *anadz, cognate with German Ente, Dutch eend. The Germanic noun derives from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts (“duck”), which is also the source of Latin anas, Ancient Greek νῆττα (nêtta), Lithuanian ántis, Sanskrit आति (ātí).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]and c (singular definite anden, plural indefinite ænder)
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “and” in Den Danske Ordbog
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the root of andma. Cognate with Finnish anti.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]and (genitive anni, partitive andi)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | and | annid |
genitive | anni | andide |
partitive | andi | ande / andisid |
illative | andi / annisse | andidesse |
inessive | annis | andides |
elative | annist | andidest |
allative | annile | andidele |
adessive | annil | andidel |
ablative | annilt | andidelt |
translative | anniks | andideks |
terminative | annini | andideni |
essive | annina | andidena |
abessive | annita | andideta |
comitative | anniga | andidega |
Fingallian
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]and
Gothic
[edit]Romanization
[edit]and
- Romanization of 𐌰𐌽𐌳
Livonian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- (Courland) andõ
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *antadak, from Proto-Uralic *ëmta-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]and
- (Salaca) to give
Middle English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old English and, ond, end, from Proto-West Germanic *andi, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.
Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]and
- and, and then (connects two elements of a sentence)
- c. 1200, Ormin, “Dedication”, in Ormulum, lines 1–4:
- Nu broþerr Wallterr broþerr min / Affterr þe flæshess kinde / ⁊ broþerr min i Crisstendom / Þurrh fulluhht ⁊ þurrh trowwþe […]
- Now, brother Walter, my brother / by way of blood relation / and my brother in Christendom / through baptising and through faith […]
- c. 1340, Dan Michel, “Þe oþer Godes Heste”, in Ayenbite of Inwyt:
- Ac þe ilke / þet zuereþ hidousliche be god / oþer by his halȝen / and him to-breȝþ / and zayþ him sclondres / þet ne byeþ naȝt to zigge: þe ilke zeneȝeþ dyadliche […]
- But one who / hideously swears by God / or by his emissaries / and who tears him apart / while saying to him lies / that shouldn't be said: they sin grievously. […]
- c. 1380, Sir Firumbras, lines 4413–4414:
- "Lordes", quaþ Richard, "Buþ noȝt agast, Ac holdeþ forþ ȝour way / an hast & boldeliche doþ ȝour dede […] "
- "Lords", said Richard, "Don't be frightened, but hold your way forwards / and quickly and boldy do your deed […] "
- c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)[3], published c. 1410, Apocalips 1:8, page 117v; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
- ȝhe amen / I am alpha ⁊ oo þe bigynnyng ⁊ þe ende ſeiþ þe loꝛd god þat is / ⁊ þat was. ⁊ that is to comynge almyȝti
- You, Amen! I am Alpha and O, the beginning and the end, says the Lord God; that is, that was, and that which will come, almighty.
- 1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “Here Bygynneth the Book of the Tales of Caunt́burẏ”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 2, recto:
- Whan that Auerill wt his shoures soote / The droghte of march hath ꝑced to the roote / And bathed euery veyne in swich lycour / Of which v̄tu engendred is the flour […]
- When that April, with its sweet showers / Has pierced March's drought to the root / And bathed every vein in fluid such that / with its power, the flower is made […]
- however, yet, but, though. while
- if, supposing that, whether.
- (rare) As though, like, in a manner suggesting.
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “and, conj. (& adv.).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-01-14.
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Norse ǫnd, from Proto-Germanic *anadz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts (“duck”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]and f or m (definite singular anda or anden, indefinite plural ender, definite plural endene)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “and” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse ǫnd, from Proto-Germanic *anadz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts (“duck”).
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]and f (definite singular anda, indefinite plural ender, definite plural endene)
- a duck (waterbird)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]and f (definite singular anda, indefinite plural ander, definite plural andene)
Etymology 3
[edit]Verb
[edit]and
- imperative of ande
References
[edit]- “and” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
[edit]Old English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ond, end
- ᚪᚾᛞ (and), ᛖᚾᛞ (end) — Franks Casket
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *anda, *andi, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Compare Old Frisian and, Old Saxon endi, Old High German unti, Old Norse enn.
Pronunciation
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]and
- and
- 10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 30[4]:
- Þonne iċ mec onhebbe ond hī onhnīgaþ tō mē, moniġe mid miltse, þǣr iċ monnum sceal īċan upcyme ēadiġnesse.
- When I raise myself up and they bow down to me, many with mercy, then I shall increase rising of happiness for men.
Synonyms
[edit]- ⁊ (symbol)
Descendants
[edit]Adverb
[edit]and
Old Frisian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“facing opposite, near, in front of, before”). Compare Old English and, Old Saxon endi, Old High German unti, Old Norse enn.
Conjunction
[edit]and
Descendants
[edit]Old Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *andom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥dó. The adverbial sense of this term is the original one, and it has an etymology independent of i.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]and
- third-person singular masculine/neuter dative of hi: in him, in it
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 31b23
- in bélrai .i. is and atá gním tengad isind huiliu labramar-ni
- of speech, i.e. the action of the tongue is in it, in all that we say
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 31b23
Adverb
[edit]and
- there
- c. 850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 110c
- Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑ái fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.
- It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.
- c. 850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 110c
- then, in that case
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4a27
- Is and didiu for·téit spiritus ar n-énirti-ni in tain bes n-inun accobor lenn .i. la corp et anim et la spirut.
- So it is then that the spirit helps our weakness when we have the same desire, to wit, body and soul and spirit.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 4a27
Descendants
[edit]Scots
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]and
- Alternative form of an
Usage notes
[edit]- While and is relatively often written due to English influence, it is seldom pronounced as such, making way for an. [1]
References
[edit]Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Norse ǫnd, from Proto-Germanic *anadz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts (“duck”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]and c
- a wild duck
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]- anka (domesticated duck)
References
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Turkish
[edit]Noun
[edit]and
Yola
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]and
- Alternative form of an (“and”)
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- Jaude and maude.
- Crowds and throngs.
- 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:
- "steoute and straung,"
- stout and strong;
References
[edit]- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 49
Zealandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Middle Dutch hant, from Old Dutch hant, from Proto-West Germanic *handu.
Noun
[edit]and f (plural [please provide])
Alternative forms
[edit]- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- ISO 639-3
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ænd
- Rhymes:English/ænd/1 syllable
- Rhymes:English/ɛnd
- English terms with homophones
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en-
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- English doublets
- English lemmas
- English conjunctions
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English colloquialisms
- English literary terms
- English dialectal terms
- American English
- en:Mathematics
- en:Logic
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Music
- English terms derived from Old Norse
- British English
- English verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- English coordinating conjunctions
- English three-letter words
- Azerbaijani terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation
- Azerbaijani terms with audio pronunciation
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani nouns
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Danish/and
- Rhymes:Danish/and/1 syllable
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- da:Birds
- Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian nouns
- Estonian paks-type nominals
- Fingallian lemmas
- Fingallian conjunctions
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Livonian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Livonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Livonian words with broken tone
- Livonian lemmas
- Livonian verbs
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English conjunctions
- Middle English terms with quotations
- Middle English terms with rare senses
- Norwegian Bokmål terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Bokmål terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Bokmål terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Bokmål terms with audio pronunciation
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål feminine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns with multiple genders
- nb:Birds
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk feminine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk feminine consonant-stem nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂enh₁-
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- nn:Birds
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English conjunctions
- Old English terms with quotations
- Old English adverbs
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Frisian lemmas
- Old Frisian conjunctions
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish prepositional pronouns
- Old Irish terms with quotations
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish adverbs
- Scots lemmas
- Scots conjunctions
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Swedish nouns with irregular plurals
- sv:Birds
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- Turkish archaic forms
- Yola lemmas
- Yola conjunctions
- Yola terms with quotations
- Zealandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Zealandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Zealandic terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Zealandic terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Zealandic terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Zealandic terms derived from Old Dutch
- Zealandic terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Zealandic terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Zealandic lemmas
- Zealandic nouns
- Zealandic feminine nouns
- zea:Body parts