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binden

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Binden

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch binden, from Old Dutch *bindan, from Proto-West Germanic *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbɪndə(n)/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: bin‧den
  • Rhymes: -ɪndən

Verb

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binden

  1. (transitive) to tie
  2. (transitive) to wrap
  3. (transitive) to bind (generally, legally/contractually)
  4. (intransitive) to bind, to thicken (of food)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of binden (strong class 3a)
infinitive binden
past singular bond
past participle gebonden
infinitive binden
gerund binden n
present tense past tense
1st person singular bind bond
2nd person sing. (jij) bindt, bind2 bond
2nd person sing. (u) bindt bond
2nd person sing. (gij) bindt bondt
3rd person singular bindt bond
plural binden bonden
subjunctive sing.1 binde bonde
subjunctive plur.1 binden bonden
imperative sing. bind
imperative plur.1 bindt
participles bindend gebonden
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: bind
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: bendi
  • Negerhollands: bind, bint, bin

German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German binden, from Old High German bintan, from Proto-West Germanic *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-. Cognate with Low German binnen, Dutch binden, English bind, Danish binde.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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binden (class 3 strong, third-person singular present bindet, past tense band, past participle gebunden, past subjunctive bände, auxiliary haben)

  1. (transitive) to bind, to tie, to fasten something by means of a string etc.
    Er hat den Hund an den Zaun gebunden.
    He's bound the dog to the fence.
    Aus den Zweigen binde ich einen Kranz.
    From the twigs I’ll bind a wreath.
    ein Buch bindento bind a book
  2. (transitive) to tie, to fasten a string etc.
    Ich binde mir die Schuhe.I'm tying my shoes.
    Sie hat sich einen Zopf gebunden.
    She's tied her hair into a ponytail.
    Er hat sich einen Schal um den Hals gebunden.
    He's tied a scarf around his neck.
  3. (transitive, often passive voice) to oblige, commit, bind
    Mein Vertrag bindet mich.My contract binds me.
    Ich bin vertraglich gebunden.I'm bound by a contract.
  4. (reflexive) to commit oneself, make a commitment (especially for marriage)
  5. (transitive) to make congeal, thicken, set, bond
  6. (transitive, of substances) to capture; to absorb (carbon dioxide etc.)
  7. (intransitive, of substances) to congeal, thicken, set, bond
  8. (phonetics, transitive) to make sandhi, crasis, liaison
    Französische Substantive werden im Singular nicht gebunden.
    There is no liaison with French singular nouns.

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • binden” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • binden” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • binden” in Duden online
  • binden” in OpenThesaurus.de

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch *bindan, from Proto-West Germanic *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ-.

Verb

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binden

  1. To bind, tie.
  2. To tie up.
  3. To bind (to an obligation).

Inflection

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Strong class 3
Infinitive binden
3rd sg. past bant
3rd pl. past bonden
Past participle gebonden
Infinitive binden
In genitive bindens
In dative bindene
Indicative Present Past
1st singular binde bant
2nd singular bints, bindes bonts, bondes
3rd singular bint, bindet bant
1st plural binden bonden
2nd plural bint, bindet bont, bondet
3rd plural binden bonden
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular binde bonde
2nd singular bints, bindes bondes
3rd singular binde bonde
1st plural binden bonden
2nd plural bint, bindet bondet
3rd plural binden bonden
Imperative Present
Singular bint, binde
Plural bint, bindet
Present Past
Participle bindende gebonden

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English bindan, from Proto-West Germanic *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną; equivalent to bynde +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈbiːndən/, /ˈbindən/

Verb

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binden

  1. To bind, fasten; to make a knot or fastening.
  2. To wrap; to enclose in wrapping.
  3. To secure, strengthen; to make strong:
    1. To tie up; to strengthen with a knot.
    2. To connect or link (especially by binding):
    3. (figurative) To remember; to keep one's mental connection secure.
    4. (figurative) To strengthen or provide proof for an argument.
  4. To take away one's agency; to enthrall:
    1. To restrain a captive; to jail.
    2. To enslave, subordinate, or force.
    3. To enrapture or captivate.
    4. (rare) To take into apprenticeship or training.
  5. To enter into a socially binding obligation or agreement:
    1. To enter into a marital relationship; to marry.
    2. (rare, Late Middle English) To copulate; to have sex.
  6. To force or compel (to perform an action):
    1. To obligate; to be forced by societal pressure.
    2. To force (into) a socially binding obligation or agreement.
    3. To mete out or proscribe penalties.
    4. To combine; to join; to make one.
  7. To decorate or adorn; to add ornaments on.
  8. To evacuate; to induce constipation.
  9. To unify or join; to make one.
  10. To enclose or surround; to fold as to completely conceal.
  11. (rare) To cohere; to enjoin with itself.
  12. (rare, figurative) To end or finish; to wrap up (for the sense, compare Modern English wrap up)

Usage notes

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This verb inherited a system of alternations between the past singular stem vowel (/ɔː/ or /a/ in Middle English) and the past plural and participle stem vowel (/uː/ in Middle English) from Old English and ultimately Proto-Germanic. In the later Middle English period, the vowel of the past plural tended to replace that of the singular, though occasionally the singular form was levelled to the plural instead. The Modern English past tense bound demonstrates the completion of this levelling.

Conjugation

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Descendants

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References

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Middle High German

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old High German bintan, from Proto-West Germanic *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną. Cognate with Dutch binden and English bind.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈbindən/

Verb

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binden (class 3 strong, third-person singular present bindet, past tense bant, past participle gebunden, past subjunctive bünde, auxiliary hān)

  1. to bind

Conjugation

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Descendants

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References

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  • Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “binden”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel

Middle Low German

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Etymology

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From Old Saxon bindan (to bind), from Proto-West Germanic *bindan, from Proto-Germanic *bindaną.

Pronunciation

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  • (originally) IPA(key): /bɪndən/

Verb

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binden

  1. To bind.

Conjugation

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Descendants

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