dlúth

See also: dlùth

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠl̪ˠuːh/
• (Connacht, Ulster) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠlˠuː/, /d̪ˠl̪ˠuː/
• (Aran) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠəˈluː/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish dlúth, from Proto-Celtic *dluti-, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly sharing a Proto-Indo-European root with Ancient Greek θλάω (thláō, “to bruise”); also compare φλάω (phláō).

Adjective

dlúth (genitive singular masculine dlúith, genitive singular feminine dlúithe, plural dlútha, comparative dlúithe)

1. close, compact
2. dense, solid
3. close, tight
4. near
5. intense, earnest

Declension

Declension of dlúth

	singular		plural (m/f)
Positive	masculine	feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
nominative	dlúth	dhlúth	dlútha; dhlútha2
vocative	dhlúith		dlútha
genitive		dlúithe	dlútha	dlúth
dative	dlúth; dhlúth1	dhlúth; dhlúith (archaic)	dlútha; dhlútha2
Comparative	níos dlúithe
Superlative	is dlúithe

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Alternative forms

• dlúthach

Derived terms

• ceirnín dlúth (“compact disc”)
• dlúfar (“close-set, compact”, adjective)
• dlús m (“compactness”)
• dlúthacht f
• dlúthaigh (“to compress”, verb)
• dlúthbhaint f (“close contact”)
• dlúthchaidreamh m (“close intimacy”)
• dlúthchéimseata f (“solid geometry”)
• dlútheagar m (“close order”)
• dlúthógach (“solid”, adjective)
• dlúthpháirtíochas m (“solidarism”)
• dlúthpháirtíocht f (“solidarity”)
• dlúthuillinn f (“solid angle”)

 

Noun

dlúth m (genitive singular dlúith)

1. (weaving, etc.) warp

   Synonym: deilbh

Declension

Declension of dlúth (first declension, no plural)

bare forms case singular nominative dlúth vocative a dhlúith genitive dlúith dative dlúth forms with the definite article case singular nominative an dlúth genitive an dlúith dative leis an dlúth don dlúth

Derived terms

• dlúthadóir m (“warp-setter”)

Etymology 2

See dlúthaigh.

Verb

dlúth (present analytic dlúthann, future analytic dlúthfaidh, verbal noun dlúthadh, past participle dlúta)

1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of dlúthaigh (“to compress, tighten”)

Conjugation

conjugation of dlúth (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	dlúthaim	dlúthann tú; dlúthair†	dlúthann sé, sí	dlúthaimid	dlúthann sibh	dlúthann siad; dlúthaid†	a dhlúthann; a dhlúthas / a ndlúthann*	dlútar
	past	dhlúth mé; dhlúthas	dhlúth tú; dhlúthais	dhlúth sé, sí	dhlúthamar; dhlúth muid	dhlúth sibh; dhlúthabhair	dhlúth siad; dhlúthadar	a dhlúth / ar dhlúth*	dlúthadh
	past habitual	dhlúthainn / ndlúthainn‡‡	dhlútá / ndlútᇇ	dhlúthadh sé, sí / ndlúthadh sé, s퇇	dhlúthaimis; dhlúthadh muid / ndlúthaimis‡‡; ndlúthadh muid‡‡	dhlúthadh sibh / ndlúthadh sibh‡‡	dhlúthaidís; dhlúthadh siad / ndlúthaidís‡‡; ndlúthadh siad‡‡	a dhlúthadh / a ndlúthadh*	dhlútaí / ndlúta퇇
future		dlúthfaidh mé; dlúthfad	dlúthfaidh tú; dlúthfair†	dlúthfaidh sé, sí	dlúthfaimid; dlúthfaidh muid	dlúthfaidh sibh	dlúthfaidh siad; dlúthfaid†	a dhlúthfaidh; a dhlúthfas / a ndlúthfaidh*	dlúthfar
conditional		dhlúthfainn / ndlúthfainn‡‡	dhlúthfá / ndlúthfᇇ	dhlúthfadh sé, sí / ndlúthfadh sé, s퇇	dhlúthfaimis; dhlúthfadh muid / ndlúthfaimis‡‡; ndlúthfadh muid‡‡	dhlúthfadh sibh / ndlúthfadh sibh‡‡	dhlúthfaidís; dhlúthfadh siad / ndlúthfaidís‡‡; ndlúthfadh siad‡‡	a dhlúthfadh / a ndlúthfadh*	dhlúthfaí / ndlúthfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go ndlútha mé; go ndlúthad†	go ndlútha tú; go ndlúthair†	go ndlútha sé, sí	go ndlúthaimid; go ndlútha muid	go ndlútha sibh	go ndlútha siad; go ndlúthaid†	—	go ndlútar
	past	dá ndlúthainn	dá ndlútá	dá ndlúthadh sé, sí	dá ndlúthaimis; dá ndlúthadh muid	dá ndlúthadh sibh	dá ndlúthaidís; dá ndlúthadh siad	—	dá ndlútaí
imperative		dlúthaim	dlúth	dlúthadh sé, sí	dlúthaimis	dlúthaigí; dlúthaidh†	dlúthaidís	—	dlútar
verbal noun		dlúthadh
past participle		dlúta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 3

Noun

dlúth

1. Alternative form of dlú

Mutation

Mutated forms of dlúth

radical	lenition	eclipsis
dlúth	dhlúth	ndlúth

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 dlúth, dlúith ‘close, compact, dense’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 dlúth ‘warp, thread’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “dlúth”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “dlúth”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “dlúth”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 70