dos

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dos"

Languages (38)

Aragonese • Ashkun • Asturian • Bikol Central • Catalan • Cornish • Dutch • Extremaduran • Fala • French • Galician • Ilocano • Indonesian • Irish • Kabuverdianu • Kristang • Ladino • Latin • Latvian • Malay • Middle Welsh • Norman • Northern Sami • Occitan • Old French • Old Occitan • Old Spanish • Papiamentu • Portuguese • Romanian • Spanish • Swedish • Tagalog • Walloon • Welsh • White Hmong • Zazaki

Page categories

English

Alternative forms

do's

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /duːz/
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: -uːz

Noun

dos

plural of do
- 1916, Eleanor H. Porter, chapter VIII, in Just David‎^[2]:
  With the coming of Monday arrived a new life for David—a curious life full of "don'ts" and "dos." David wondered sometimes why all the pleasant things were "don'ts" and all the unpleasant ones "dos."

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

(US) IPA^(key): /doʊz/
Rhymes: -oʊz

Noun

dos

(music) plural of do
- 2020, Jennifer Snodgrass, Teaching Music Theory, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 212:
  In functional harmonic progression, three “Dos” in a row within the Do-Ti test indicate chord changes that can only be this descending third pattern.

Anagrams

ods, sod, OD's, ODS, dso, OS&D, SOD, OSD, ODs, SDO, SoD, DSO

Aragonese

**Aragonese cardinal numbers**
< 1	2	3 >
Cardinal : dos

Etymology

From Latin duos, accusative of duo.

Numeral

dos

two

Ashkun

**Ashkun cardinal numbers**
< 9	10	11 >
Cardinal : dos

Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *daca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdos/

Numeral

dos (Sanu)^[1]

ten

References

^ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “d′os”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎^[1]

Asturian

**Asturian cardinal numbers**
< 1	2	3 >
Cardinal : dos Ordinal : segundu

Etymology

From Latin duōs, accusative form of duo.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdos/, [ˈd̪os]

Numeral

dos (indeclinable)

two

Bikol Central

**Bikol Central numbers ^(edit)**
	20^{[a], [b]}
^{[a], [b]} ← 1	2	3 → ^{[a], [b]}
Cardinal: duwa, dos Ordinal: ikaduwa

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish dos.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdos/ [ˈd̪os]
Hyphenation: dos

Numeral

dos (Basahan spelling ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

two
Synonym: duwa

Related terms

Catalan

**Catalan numbers ^(edit)**
	20
^{[a], [b]} ← 1	2	3 →
Cardinal: dos Ordinal: segon Ordinal abbreviation: 2n Multiplier: doble Fractional: mig
Catalan Wikipedia article on 2

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin duōs, accusative form of duo (“two”), from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Compare Occitan dos, French deux, Spanish dos.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈdos]
Rhymes: -os

Numeral

dos m (feminine dues)

(cardinal number) two

Usage notes

Catalan cardinal numbers may be used as masculine or feminine adjectives, except un/una (“1”), dos/dues (“2”), cents/centes (“100s”) and its compounds. When used as nouns, Catalan cardinal numbers are treated as masculine singular nouns in most contexts, but in expressions involving time such as la una i trenta (1:30) or les dues (two o'clock), they are feminine because the feminine noun hora has been elided.

Derived terms

Noun

dos m (plural dosos)

two
(castells) torre
(castells) One of a pair of castellers in the pom de dalt, who form the third-highest level of the castell

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

(originally, Italianate) IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈdɔs]
(more commonly) IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈdos]

Noun

dos

plural of do (“do (note of the musical scale)”)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Old Catalan dos, from Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum (“back”). Compare dors, a borrowed doublet.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈdɔs]

Noun

dos m (plural dossos)

Archaic form of dors.

Derived terms

tocar el dos

Cornish

Etymology

Contraction of dones. Cognate with Welsh dod

Verb

dos

to come, arrive

Mutation

Mutation of dos

Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated	soft	aspirate	hard	mixed	mixed after 'th
dos	dhos	unchanged	tos	tos	tos

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French dos (“back”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dɔs/
Audio: (file)
Hyphenation: dos
Rhymes: -ɔs

Noun

dos m (plural dossen, diminutive dosje n)

garb, clothing, especially extravagant or unusual clothes
pelt, fur
patch of hair, especially one's headhair

Derived terms

Extremaduran

Etymology

Akin to Spanish, from Latin duo.

Numeral

dos

two

Fala

Alternative forms

dus (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese dos, equivalent to de (“of”) +‎ os (masculine plural definite article).

Contraction

dos m pl (singular do, feminine da, feminine plural das)

(Mañegu) of the
- 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
  Esti términu Mañegu, o mais pequenu dos tres, formaba parti, con términus de Vilamel i Trevellu, da pruvincia de Salamanca hasta o anu 1833 […]
  This San Martinese locality, the smallest of the three, formed, along with the Vilamen and Trevejo localities, the Salamanca province until the year 1833 […]

References

Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[3], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French dos, from Latin dorsum (through Vulgar Latin dossum). Compare Romansch dies, Catalan dors, Italian dosso, and Romanian dos.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /do/
Audio: (file)

Noun

dos m (plural dos)

(anatomy) back (of a person)
(in the plural) backs (of persons) (clarification of this definition is needed)
(swimming) backstroke
spine (of a book)

Antonyms

tranchant

Derived terms

Related terms

dorsal

Galician

Etymology

From contraction of preposition de (“of, from”) + masculine plural definite article os (“the”). Akin to Portuguese dos (de + os).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdus/ [ˈd̪us̺]
Rhymes: -us

Contraction

dos m pl (masculine do, feminine da, feminine plural das)

of the; from the

Ilocano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish dos.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdos/ [ˈdos]
Hyphenation: dos

Numeral

dos

two
Synonym: dua

Indonesian

Pronunciation

(Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈdɔs/ [ˈdɔs]
Syllabification: dos

Noun

dos

(proscribed) Alternative form of dus

Particle

dos

(proscribed) Alternative form of dus

Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /d̪ˠɔsˠ/
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠʌsˠ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish doss (“bush, thicket, tree”).

Noun

dos m (genitive singular dois, nominative plural dosanna)

tuft

Declension

Declension of dos

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	dos	dosanna
Vocative	a dhois	a dhosanna
Genitive	dois	dosanna
Dative	dos	dosanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an dos	na dosanna
Genitive	an dois	na ndosanna
Dative	leis an dos don dos	leis na dosanna

Etymology 2

Noun

dos m (genitive singular dosa)

Alternative form of gus (“force, vigor”)

Declension

Declension of dos

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	dos	dosa
Vocative	a dhos	a dhosa
Genitive	dosa	dosa
Dative	dos	dosa

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an dos	na dosa
Genitive	an dosa	na ndosa
Dative	leis an dos don dos	leis na dosa

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
dos	dhos	ndos
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Kabuverdianu

**Kabuverdianu cardinal numbers**
< 1	2	3 >
Cardinal : dos

Etymology

From Portuguese dois.

Numeral

dos

two (2)

Kristang

Etymology

From Portuguese dois, from Latin duo.

Numeral

dos

two

Ladino

Etymology

From Latin duōs, accusative of duo.

Numeral

dos (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling דוס)

two

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *dōtis, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃tis, from *deh₃- (“give”). Doublet of dosis. Cognate with Ancient Greek δόσις (dósis), Sanskrit दिति (díti).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /doːs/, [d̪oːs̠]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /dos/, [d̪ɔs]

Noun

dōs f (genitive dōtis); third declension

dowry
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.319–320:
  ‘saepe mihi Zephyrus ‘dōtēs corrumpere nōlī
  ipsa tuās’ dīxit: dōs mihi vīlis erat.’
  “Often Zephyrus said to me, ‘Don’t destroy your own dowry.’ My dowry was of no value to me.”
  (Flora (mythology) stopped caring for flowers when the early Romans neglected to worship her deity; Zephyrus, the west wind of spring, was her consort.)
gift, endowment, talent

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	dōs	dōtēs
Genitive	dōtis	dōtum dōtium
Dative	dōtī	dōtibus
Accusative	dōtem	dōtēs
Ablative	dōte	dōtibus
Vocative	dōs	dōtēs

Derived terms

Descendants

Catalan: dot
Dalmatian: duauta
French: dot
Galician: dote
Italian: dota, dote
Portuguese: dote
Sicilian: duti
Spanish: dote

References

“dos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“dos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
dos in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
dos in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[4], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to give a dowry to one's daughter: dotem filiae dare
“dos”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
“dos”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Latvian

Verb

dos

third-person singular/plural future indicative of dot

Malay

Etymology 1

From English dose.

Noun

dos (Jawi spelling دوس, plural dos-dos, informal 1st possessive dosku, 2nd possessive dosmu, 3rd possessive dosnya)

(except Indonesia) dose

Alternative forms

dosis (Indonesia)

Etymology 2

From Dutch doos, from Middle Dutch dose (since 1361), probably from Latin dosis (“the small box in which a dose of medication was given”).

Noun

dos (plural dos-dos, informal 1st possessive dosku, 2nd possessive dosmu, 3rd possessive dosnya)

(Indonesia) carton, cardboard box

Alternative forms

dus (Indonesia)

Middle Welsh

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /doːs/

Verb

dos

second-person singular imperative of mynet

Mutation

Middle Welsh mutation
Radical	Soft	Nasal	Aspirate
dos	ðos	nos	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Norman

Etymology

From Old French dos, from Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum.

Noun

dos m (plural dos)

(Jersey, anatomy) back (of a person)

Northern Sami

Determiner

dōs

locative singular of dōt

Occitan

**Occitan cardinal numbers**
< 1	2	3 >
Cardinal : dos Ordinal : dosen

Etymology

From Latin duōs, accusative form of duo.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdus/
Audio (Languedoc): (file)
Hyphenation: dos

Numeral

dos m (feminine doas)

two

Old French

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum.

Noun

dos oblique singular, m (oblique plural dos, nominative singular dos, nominative plural dos)

(anatomy) back

Descendants

French: dos
Norman: dos (Jersey)
Walloon: dos

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin duos, accusative of duo.

Numeral

dos

two (2)

Descendants

Occitan: dos

Old Spanish

**Old Spanish cardinal numbers**
< 1	2	3 >
Cardinal : dos Ordinal : segundo

Alternative forms

II (representation in Roman numerals)

Etymology

From Latin duō.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdos/

Numeral

dos

two

Descendants

Spanish: dos

Papiamentu

**Papiamentu cardinal numbers**
< 1	2	3 >
Cardinal : dos

Etymology

From Portuguese dois and Spanish dos and Kabuverdianu dos.

Numeral

dos

two (2)

Portuguese

Alternative forms

d'os (dated)

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /dus/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /duʃ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /dos/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /duʃ/

Contraction

dos m pl

Contraction of de os (“of/from the (masculine plural)”): masculine plural of do
dos Santos
of the Saints

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:do.

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin dossum, from Latin dorsum. Compare French dos and Romansch dies.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdos/
Rhymes: -os

Noun

dos n (plural dosuri)

back
Synonym: spate
bottom, behind, buttocks
Synonym: fund
reverse
backside, rear
tails (on a coin)

Declension

Declension of dos

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) dos	dosul	(niște) dosuri	dosurile
genitive/dative	(unui) dos	dosului	(unor) dosuri	dosurilor
vocative	dosule		dosurilor

Related terms

pe dos

Spanish

**Spanish numbers ^(edit)**
	20
← 1	2	3 →
Cardinal: dos Ordinal: segundo Ordinal abbreviation: 2.º Multiplier: doble Collective: ambos Fractional: medio, mitad
Spanish Wikipedia article on 2

Etymology

Inherited from Latin duōs, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Cognates include Ancient Greek δύο (dúo), Old English twa (English two), Persian .

PIE word
*dwóh₁

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdos/ [ˈd̪os]
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -os
Syllabification: dos

Numeral

dos

two

Derived terms

Noun

dos m pl

plural of do

Swedish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /duːs/
Audio: (file)

Noun

dos c

dose (of a pharmaceutical or drug)

Declension

Declension of dos

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	dos	dos
singular	definite	dosen	dosens
plural	indefinite	doser	dosers
plural	definite	doserna	dosernas

Tagalog

**Tagalog numbers ^(edit)**
	20
← 1	2	3 →
Cardinal: dalawa Spanish cardinal: dos Ordinal: ikalawa, pangalawa Spanish ordinal: segundo, segunda Ordinal abbreviation: ika-2, pang-2 Adverbial: makalawa, makadalawa Multiplier: doble, dalawang ibayo Distributive: tigdalawa, dalawahan, dala-dalawa Restrictive: dadalawa Fractional: kalahati
Tagalog Wikipedia article on 2

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish dos (“two”).

Pronunciation

(Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈdos/ [ˈd̪os]
Rhymes: -os
Syllabification: dos

Numeral

dos (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

two
Synonym: dalawa
- 2017, Curtis McFarland, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, Diksyunaryong Monolingwal sa Filipino: (Monolingual Dictionary in Filipino)‎^[6]:
  Ang dos na bilang ay suwerte para sa kanya.
  The number two is lucky for him.

Derived terms

Related terms

Noun

dos (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜐ᜔)

(card games) two (card)

Walloon

Etymology

From Old French dos, from Vulgar Latin *dossum, from Latin dorsum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dɔ/

Noun

dos m

(anatomy) back

Welsh

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /doːs/
Rhymes: -oːs

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English dose.

Noun

dos f (plural dosys)

(medicine) dose
Synonyms: dogn, mesur
share, portion
Synonym: cyfran

Etymology 2

Noun

dos m

(rare except in derived terms) drip, drop
Synonyms: dafn, defnyn, diferyn

Derived terms

diddos (“watertight”)
dosog (“drippy”)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

dos

(North Wales) second-person singular imperative of mynd
Synonym: (South Wales) cer

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
dos	ddos	nos	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dos”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

White Hmong

Etymology

From Proto-Hmong *ɢləŋᴮ (“vegetables in the genus Allium”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dɒ˩/

Noun

dos (classifier: lub)

(small) onion, leek

References

Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎^[7], SEAP Publications, →ISBN.

^ Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 274.

Zazaki

Noun

dos

(anatomy) back (of a person)
(in the plural) backs (of persons)
(swimming) backstroke

[NEL-1] Strand, Richard F. (2016) “d′os”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎^[1]

[2] Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 274.

[1]

[1]

Playing cards in Spanish · cartas (layout · text)

as	dos	tres	cuatro	cinco	seis	siete

ocho	nueve	diez	sota	reina	rey	comodín

dos

English

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Anagrams

Aragonese

Etymology

Numeral

Ashkun

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

References

Asturian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

Bikol Central

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

Related terms

Catalan

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Numeral

Usage notes

Derived terms

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Further reading

Cornish

Etymology

Verb

Mutation

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Extremaduran

Etymology

Numeral

Fala

Alternative forms

Etymology

Contraction

References

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Antonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

Galician

Etymology

Pronunciation

Contraction

Further reading

Ilocano

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Noun

Particle