durven

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch durven. This verb originated from two Middle Dutch verbs:

• durven (“to need”), from Old Dutch thurvan, from Proto-West Germanic *þurban, from Proto-Germanic *þurbaną.
• durren (“to dare”), from Old Dutch durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʏrvə(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: dur‧ven
• Rhymes: -ʏrvən

Verb

durven

1. (transitive) to dare (do), to not be afraid (to do)

   Ik durf dat niet.

   I dare not do that.

2. (auxiliary, usually with te) to dare (to), to not be afraid to

   Hij durfde de stap naar een autonoom natuurrecht nog niet te zetten, omdat zoiets zou kunnen impliceren dat God niet zou bestaan.

   He dared not take the step towards an autonomous natural law, because by so doing it could imply that God would not exist.

Conjugation

Conjugation of durven (weak)
infinitive	durven
past singular	durfde
past participle	gedurfd
infinitive	durven
gerund	durven n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	durf	durfde
2nd person sing. (jij)	durft, durf2	durfde
2nd person sing. (u)	durft	durfde
2nd person sing. (gij)	durft	durfde
3rd person singular	durft	durfde
plural	durven	durfden
subjunctive sing.1	durve	durfde
subjunctive plur.1	durven	durfden
imperative sing.	durf
imperative plur.1	durft
participles	durvend	gedurfd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Conjugation of durven (preterite-present)
infinitive	durven
past singular	dorst
past participle	gedurfd
infinitive	durven
gerund	durven n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	durf	dorst
2nd person sing. (jij)	durft, durf2	dorst
2nd person sing. (u)	durft	dorst
2nd person sing. (gij)	durft	dorst
3rd person singular	durft	dorst
plural	durven	dorsten
subjunctive sing.1	durve	dorste
subjunctive plur.1	durven	dorsten
imperative sing.	durf
imperative plur.1	durft
participles	durvend	gedurfd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

• Note: The irregular past tense dorst(en) is archaic.
• Note: The past tense dierf/dierven is common in speech, but proscribed

Derived terms

• aandurven
• durf

Descendants

• Afrikaans: durf
• Javindo: durref
• Negerhollands: derv, dėfo
• → Papiamentu: dùrf

Anagrams

• verdun, vurend