exclure
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French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Latin exclūdere. Doublet of the inherited éclore.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]exclure
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of exclure (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | exclure | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | excluant /ɛk.skly.ɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | exclu /ɛk.skly/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | exclus /ɛk.skly/ |
exclus /ɛk.skly/ |
exclut /ɛk.skly/ |
excluons /ɛk.skly.ɔ̃/ |
excluez /ɛk.skly.e/ |
excluent /ɛk.skly/ |
| imperfect | excluais /ɛk.skly.ɛ/ |
excluais /ɛk.skly.ɛ/ |
excluait /ɛk.skly.ɛ/ |
excluions /ɛk.skly.jɔ̃/ |
excluiez /ɛk.skly.je/ |
excluaient /ɛk.skly.ɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | exclus /ɛk.skly/ |
exclus /ɛk.skly/ |
exclut /ɛk.skly/ |
exclûmes /ɛk.sklym/ |
exclûtes /ɛk.sklyt/ |
exclurent /ɛk.sklyʁ/ | |
| future | exclurai /ɛk.skly.ʁe/ |
excluras /ɛk.skly.ʁa/ |
exclura /ɛk.skly.ʁa/ |
exclurons /ɛk.skly.ʁɔ̃/ |
exclurez /ɛk.skly.ʁe/ |
excluront /ɛk.skly.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | exclurais /ɛk.skly.ʁɛ/ |
exclurais /ɛk.skly.ʁɛ/ |
exclurait /ɛk.skly.ʁɛ/ |
exclurions /ɛk.skly.ʁjɔ̃/ |
excluriez /ɛk.skly.ʁje/ |
excluraient /ɛk.skly.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | exclue /ɛk.skly/ |
exclues /ɛk.skly/ |
exclue /ɛk.skly/ |
excluions /ɛk.skly.jɔ̃/ |
excluiez /ɛk.skly.je/ |
excluent /ɛk.skly/ |
| imperfect2 | exclusse /ɛk.sklys/ |
exclusses /ɛk.sklys/ |
exclût /ɛk.skly/ |
exclussions /ɛk.skly.sjɔ̃/ |
exclussiez /ɛk.skly.sje/ |
exclussent /ɛk.sklys/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | exclus /ɛk.skly/ |
— | excluons /ɛk.skly.ɔ̃/ |
excluez /ɛk.skly.e/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “exclure”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.