heyra
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse heyra, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]heyra (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative heyrði, supine heyrt)
- to hear [intransitive or with accusative]
- Synonym: nema hljóð
- Gekk þér vel að í prófinu? Mér þykir vænt um að heyra það.
- Did you do well on your test? I'm glad to hear it.
- to listen [intransitive or with accusative]
- Synonym: hlusta
- Isaiah 40 (Icelandic, English)
- Heyr, einhver segir: "Kalla þú!" Og ég svara: "Hvað skal ég kalla?" "Allt hold er gras og allur yndisleikur þess sem blóm vallarins. Grasið visnar, blómin fölna, þegar Drottinn andar á þau. Sannlega, mennirnir eru gras. Grasið visnar, blómin fölna, en orð Guðs vors stendur stöðugt eilíflega."
- Hark a voice says, "Cry out." And I said, "What shall I cry?" "All men are like grass, and all their glory is like the flowers of the field. The grass withers and the flowers fall, because the breath of the LORD blows on them. Surely the people are grass. The grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of our God stands forever."
Conjugation
[edit]heyra — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að heyra | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
heyrt | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
heyrandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég heyri | við heyrum | present (nútíð) |
ég heyri | við heyrum |
| þú heyrir | þið heyrið | þú heyrir | þið heyrið | ||
| hann, hún, það heyrir | þeir, þær, þau heyra | hann, hún, það heyri | þeir, þær, þau heyri | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég heyrði | við heyrðum | past (þátíð) |
ég heyrði | við heyrðum |
| þú heyrðir | þið heyrðuð | þú heyrðir | þið heyrðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það heyrði | þeir, þær, þau heyrðu | hann, hún, það heyrði | þeir, þær, þau heyrðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
heyr (þú) | heyrið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| heyrðu | heyriði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að heyrast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
heyrst | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
heyrandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég heyrist | við heyrumst | present (nútíð) |
ég heyrist | við heyrumst |
| þú heyrist | þið heyrist | þú heyrist | þið heyrist | ||
| hann, hún, það heyrist | þeir, þær, þau heyrast | hann, hún, það heyrist | þeir, þær, þau heyrist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég heyrðist | við heyrðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég heyrðist | við heyrðumst |
| þú heyrðist | þið heyrðust | þú heyrðist | þið heyrðust | ||
| hann, hún, það heyrðist | þeir, þær, þau heyrðust | hann, hún, það heyrðist | þeir, þær, þau heyrðust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
heyrst (þú) | heyrist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| heyrstu | heyristi * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
heyrður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
heyrður | heyrð | heyrt | heyrðir | heyrðar | heyrð | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
heyrðan | heyrða | heyrt | heyrða | heyrðar | heyrð | |
| dative (þágufall) |
heyrðum | heyrðri | heyrðu | heyrðum | heyrðum | heyrðum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
heyrðs | heyrðrar | heyrðs | heyrðra | heyrðra | heyrðra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
heyrði | heyrða | heyrða | heyrðu | heyrðu | heyrðu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
heyrða | heyrðu | heyrða | heyrðu | heyrðu | heyrðu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
heyrða | heyrðu | heyrða | heyrðu | heyrðu | heyrðu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
heyrða | heyrðu | heyrða | heyrðu | heyrðu | heyrðu | |
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti. Cognate with Old English hīeran, Old Frisian hera, Old Saxon hōrian, Old High German hōren, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hausjan).
Verb
[edit]heyra (singular past indicative heyrði, plural past indicative heyrðu, past participle heyrðr)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of heyra — active (weak class 1)
| infinitive | heyra | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | heyrandi | |
| past participle | heyrðr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | heyri | heyrða |
| 2nd-person singular | heyrir | heyrðir |
| 3rd-person singular | heyrir | heyrði |
| 1st-person plural | heyrum | heyrðum |
| 2nd-person plural | heyrið | heyrðuð |
| 3rd-person plural | heyra | heyrðu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | heyra | heyrða |
| 2nd-person singular | heyrir | heyrðir |
| 3rd-person singular | heyri | heyrði |
| 1st-person plural | heyrim | heyrðim |
| 2nd-person plural | heyrið | heyrðið |
| 3rd-person plural | heyri | heyrði |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | heyr, heyri | |
| 1st-person plural | heyrum | |
| 2nd-person plural | heyrið | |
Conjugation of heyra — mediopassive (weak class 1)
| infinitive | heyrask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | heyrandisk | |
| past participle | heyrzk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | heyrumk | heyrðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | heyrisk | heyrðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | heyrisk | heyrðisk |
| 1st-person plural | heyrumsk | heyrðumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | heyrizk | heyrðuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | heyrask | heyrðusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | heyrumk | heyrðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | heyrisk | heyrðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | heyrisk | heyrðisk |
| 1st-person plural | heyrimsk | heyrðimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | heyrizk | heyrðizk |
| 3rd-person plural | heyrisk | heyrðisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | heyrsk, heyrisk | |
| 1st-person plural | heyrumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | heyrizk | |
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: heyra
- Faroese: hoyra
- Norn: høra
- Norwegian Nynorsk: høyra; (dialectal) haura
- Elfdalian: ära
- Old Swedish: hø̄ra
- Swedish: höra
- Scanian: høra
- Old Danish: hø̄ræ
- Old Gutnish: hoyra
- Gutnish: håire
References
[edit]- “heyra”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/eiːra
- Rhymes:Icelandic/eiːra/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Icelandic terms with usage examples
- Icelandic terms with quotations
- Most used Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic ambitransitive verbs
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱ-
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ew- (perceive)
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 1 weak long-stem verbs