itku

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Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *itku. Equivalent to itkeä (to cry) +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈitku/, [ˈit̪ku]
  • Rhymes: -itku
  • Hyphenation(key): it‧ku

Noun

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itku

  1. cry, crying (shedding of tears)
    Synonyms: kyynelöinti, nyyhkytys, pillitys, poru

Declension

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Inflection of itku (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative itku itkut
genitive itkun itkujen
partitive itkua itkuja
illative itkuun itkuihin
singular plural
nominative itku itkut
accusative nom. itku itkut
gen. itkun
genitive itkun itkujen
partitive itkua itkuja
inessive itkussa itkuissa
elative itkusta itkuista
illative itkuun itkuihin
adessive itkulla itkuilla
ablative itkulta itkuilta
allative itkulle itkuille
essive itkuna itkuina
translative itkuksi itkuiksi
abessive itkutta itkuitta
instructive itkuin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of itku (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative itkuni itkuni
accusative nom. itkuni itkuni
gen. itkuni
genitive itkuni itkujeni
partitive itkuani itkujani
inessive itkussani itkuissani
elative itkustani itkuistani
illative itkuuni itkuihini
adessive itkullani itkuillani
ablative itkultani itkuiltani
allative itkulleni itkuilleni
essive itkunani itkuinani
translative itkukseni itkuikseni
abessive itkuttani itkuittani
instructive
comitative itkuineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative itkusi itkusi
accusative nom. itkusi itkusi
gen. itkusi
genitive itkusi itkujesi
partitive itkuasi itkujasi
inessive itkussasi itkuissasi
elative itkustasi itkuistasi
illative itkuusi itkuihisi
adessive itkullasi itkuillasi
ablative itkultasi itkuiltasi
allative itkullesi itkuillesi
essive itkunasi itkuinasi
translative itkuksesi itkuiksesi
abessive itkuttasi itkuittasi
instructive
comitative itkuinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative itkumme itkumme
accusative nom. itkumme itkumme
gen. itkumme
genitive itkumme itkujemme
partitive itkuamme itkujamme
inessive itkussamme itkuissamme
elative itkustamme itkuistamme
illative itkuumme itkuihimme
adessive itkullamme itkuillamme
ablative itkultamme itkuiltamme
allative itkullemme itkuillemme
essive itkunamme itkuinamme
translative itkuksemme itkuiksemme
abessive itkuttamme itkuittamme
instructive
comitative itkuinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative itkunne itkunne
accusative nom. itkunne itkunne
gen. itkunne
genitive itkunne itkujenne
partitive itkuanne itkujanne
inessive itkussanne itkuissanne
elative itkustanne itkuistanne
illative itkuunne itkuihinne
adessive itkullanne itkuillanne
ablative itkultanne itkuiltanne
allative itkullenne itkuillenne
essive itkunanne itkuinanne
translative itkuksenne itkuiksenne
abessive itkuttanne itkuittanne
instructive
comitative itkuinenne

Derived terms

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compounds
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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Ingrian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *itku, equivalent to itkiä (to cry) +‎ -u. Cognates include Finnish itku and Estonian itk.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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itku

  1. cry, crying

Declension

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Declension of itku (type 4/koivu, k- gradation)
singular plural
nominative itku itut
genitive itun itkuin, itkuloin
partitive itkua itkuja, itkuloja
illative itkuu itkui, itkuloihe
inessive itus ituis, itkulois
elative itust ituist, itkuloist
allative itulle ituille, itkuloille
adessive itul ituil, itkuloil
ablative itult ituilt, itkuloilt
translative ituks ituiks, itkuloiks
essive itkunna, itkuun itkuinna, itkuloinna, itkuin, itkuloin
exessive1) itkunt itkuint, itkuloint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

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References

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  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 97

Maltese

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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itku

  1. second-person plural imperative of itka

Northern Sami

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈitːkuː/

Noun

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itku

  1. shade, place without sun

Inflection

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Even u-stem, tk-tkk gradation
Nominative itku
Genitive itkku
itkkọ
Singular Plural
Nominative itku itkkut
Accusative itkku itkkūid
Genitive itkku
itkkọ
itkkūid
Illative itkui itkkūide
Locative itkkus itkkūin
Comitative itkkūin itkkūiguin
Essive itkun
Possessive forms
Singular Dual Plural
1st person itkon itkome itkomet
2nd person itkot itkode itkodet
3rd person itkus itkuska itkuset

Further reading

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  • Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Votic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *itku.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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itku

  1. crying, cry
  2. lament

Inflection

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Declension of itku (type II/võrkko, tk-dg gradation)
singular plural
nominative itku idgud
genitive idgu itkujõ, itkui
partitive itkua itkuitõ, itkui
illative itkusõ, itku itkuisõ
inessive idguz itkuiz
elative idgussõ itkuissõ
allative idgulõ itkuilõ
adessive idgullõ itkuillõ
ablative idgultõ itkuiltõ
translative idgussi itkuissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

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  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “itku”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn