keren

See also: kèrén, kěrén, and Keren

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkeːrə(n)/

• Audio; “keren, keerde, gekeerd”:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ke‧ren
• Rhymes: -eːrən

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch keren, from Old Dutch kēren, from Proto-Germanic *karzijaną, *kaurijaną.

Verb

keren

1. (ergative) to turn around, to turn around an axis

Conjugation

Conjugation of keren (weak)
infinitive	keren
past singular	keerde
past participle	gekeerd
infinitive	keren
gerund	keren n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	keer	keerde
2nd person sing. (jij)	keert, keer2	keerde
2nd person sing. (u)	keert	keerde
2nd person sing. (gij)	keert	keerde
3rd person singular	keert	keerde
plural	keren	keerden
subjunctive sing.1	kere	keerde
subjunctive plur.1	keren	keerden
imperative sing.	keer
imperative plur.1	keert
participles	kerend	gekeerd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• afkeren
• bekeren
• keermuur
• keerpunt
• kering
• omkeren
• terugkeren
• toekeren
• verkeren

Related terms

• inkeer

Descendants

• Afrikaans: keer
• Jersey Dutch: kêre
• Negerhollands: keer

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

keren

1. plural of keer

Anagrams

• erken, reken

Ladino

Verb

keren (Latin spelling)

1. third-person plural present indicative of kerer

Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch kēren, from Proto-Germanic *karzijaną, *kaurijaną.

Verb

kêren

2. (transitive, intransitive) To turn, to turn over, to turn around
3. (transitive) To turn, to change
4. (transitive) To translate
5. (transitive) To spend (of money)
6. (transitive) To return, to reimburse
7. (intransitive) To go
8. (intransitive) To return, to come back

Inflection

Weak
Infinitive	kêren
3rd sg. past	—
3rd pl. past	—
Past participle	—
Infinitive	kêren
In genitive	kêrens
In dative	kêrene
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	kêre	—
2nd singular	kêers, kêres	—
3rd singular	kêert, kêret	—
1st plural	kêren	—
2nd plural	kêert, kêret	—
3rd plural	kêren	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	kêre	—
2nd singular	kêers, kêres	—
3rd singular	kêre	—
1st plural	kêren	—
2nd plural	kêert, kêret	—
3rd plural	kêren	—
Imperative	Present
Singular	kêer, kêre
Plural	kêert, kêret
	Present	Past
Participle	kêrende	—

Descendants

• Dutch: keren
  • Afrikaans: keer
  • Jersey Dutch: kêre
  • Negerhollands: keer
• Limburgish: kieëre

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *kerien, from Proto-Germanic *karjaną.

Verb

kēren

2. To sweep (up).

Inflection

Weak
Infinitive	kēren
3rd sg. past	—
3rd pl. past	—
Past participle	—
Infinitive	kēren
In genitive	kērens
In dative	kērene
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	kēre	—
2nd singular	kēers, kēres	—
3rd singular	kēert, kēret	—
1st plural	kēren	—
2nd plural	kēert, kēret	—
3rd plural	kēren	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	kēre	—
2nd singular	kēers, kēres	—
3rd singular	kēre	—
1st plural	kēren	—
2nd plural	kēert, kēret	—
3rd plural	kēren	—
Imperative	Present
Singular	kēer, kēre
Plural	kēert, kēret
	Present	Past
Participle	kērende	—

Alternative forms

• kērien
• kerren

Descendants

• Dutch: keren
• Limburgish: kaere

Further reading

• “keren (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “keren (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “keren (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “keren (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II