koko

See also: Koko, ko-ko, kōkō, and -kökö

English

Etymology 1

Cf. Burmese ကုက္ကို (kukkui).

Noun

koko

1. The tree Albizia lebbeck.

   Synonyms: lebbek, East Indian walnut, woman's tongue tree

   Hypernym: siris

Translations

lebbek — see lebbek

Etymology 2

Noun

koko

1. (Malaysia, school slang) Alternative form of koku

Anagrams

• kook

'Are'are

Verb

koko

1. be narrow

References

• Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

Bamu

Adjective

koko

1. hard, not soft
2. hard, difficult
3. (of fruit) firm, ripe
4. stuck, immobile, immovable

Derived terms

• koko obo

References

• Chris and Phil Carr, Bamu Dictionary (2012)

Chamicuro

Etymology

From Spanish coco.

Noun

koko

1. coconut

Esperanto

Etymology

From French coq and English cock.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkoko]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -oko
• Hyphenation: ko‧ko

Noun

koko (accusative singular kokon, plural kokoj, accusative plural kokojn)

1. chicken
2. fowl
3. (dated) cock

Hypernyms

• birdo (“bird”)

Hyponyms

• gekokoj (“chickens”)
• kokiĉo (“rooster, cock”) (neologism)
• kokido (“chick”)
• kokino (“hen”)
• virkoko (“rooster, cock”) (idiomatic)

Meronyms

• kokaĵo (“chicken meat”)

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *koko (compare Estonian kogu), possibly from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kokᴈ (compare Eastern Mari кугу (kugu, “big”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkoko/, [ˈko̞ko̞]
• Rhymes: -oko
• Hyphenation^(key): ko‧ko

Adjective

koko (not comparable, indeclinable, only used attributively)

1. whole, entire

   Synonym: kokonainen

   Koko päivä meni hukkaan.

   The whole day was wasted.

   Valvoimme koko yön.

   We stayed up all night.

   Älä valvo koko yötä!

   Don't stay up all night.

Declension

Indeclinable

Noun

koko

1. size, dimensions

   Mikä sinun kokosi on?

   What is your size?

2. (dialectal outside expressions) heap, pile

   kerätä kokoon ― to gather in a pile; (figuratively) to gather, collect

Declension

Inflection of koko (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k-∅ gradation)
nominative		koko	koot
genitive		koon	kokojen
partitive		kokoa	kokoja
illative		kokoon	kokoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		koko	koot
accusative	nom.	koko	koot
	gen.	koon
genitive		koon	kokojen
partitive		kokoa	kokoja
inessive		koossa	ko’oissa
elative		koosta	ko’oista
illative		kokoon	kokoihin
adessive		koolla	ko’oilla
ablative		koolta	ko’oilta
allative		koolle	ko’oille
essive		kokona	kokoina
translative		kooksi	ko’oiksi
abessive		kootta	ko’oitta
instructive		—	ko’oin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of koko (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k-∅ gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kokoni kokoni accusative nom. kokoni kokoni gen. kokoni genitive kokoni kokojeni partitive kokoani kokojani inessive koossani ko’oissani elative koostani ko’oistani illative kokooni kokoihini adessive koollani ko’oillani ablative kooltani ko’oiltani allative koolleni ko’oilleni essive kokonani kokoinani translative kookseni ko’oikseni abessive koottani ko’oittani instructive — — comitative — kokoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kokosi kokosi accusative nom. kokosi kokosi gen. kokosi genitive kokosi kokojesi partitive kokoasi kokojasi inessive koossasi ko’oissasi elative koostasi ko’oistasi illative kokoosi kokoihisi adessive koollasi ko’oillasi ablative kooltasi ko’oiltasi allative koollesi ko’oillesi essive kokonasi kokoinasi translative kooksesi ko’oiksesi abessive koottasi ko’oittasi instructive — — comitative — kokoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kokomme kokomme accusative nom. kokomme kokomme gen. kokomme genitive kokomme kokojemme partitive kokoamme kokojamme inessive koossamme ko’oissamme elative koostamme ko’oistamme illative kokoomme kokoihimme adessive koollamme ko’oillamme ablative kooltamme ko’oiltamme allative koollemme ko’oillemme essive kokonamme kokoinamme translative kooksemme ko’oiksemme abessive koottamme ko’oittamme instructive — — comitative — kokoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kokonne kokonne accusative nom. kokonne kokonne gen. kokonne genitive kokonne kokojenne partitive kokoanne kokojanne inessive koossanne ko’oissanne elative koostanne ko’oistanne illative kokoonne kokoihinne adessive koollanne ko’oillanne ablative kooltanne ko’oiltanne allative koollenne ko’oillenne essive kokonanne kokoinanne translative kooksenne ko’oiksenne abessive koottanne ko’oittanne instructive — — comitative — kokoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kokonsa kokonsa accusative nom. kokonsa kokonsa gen. kokonsa genitive kokonsa kokojensa partitive kokoaan kokoansa kokojaan kokojansa inessive koossaan koossansa ko’oissaan ko’oissansa elative koostaan koostansa ko’oistaan ko’oistansa illative kokoonsa kokoihinsa adessive koollaan koollansa ko’oillaan ko’oillansa ablative kooltaan kooltansa ko’oiltaan ko’oiltansa allative koolleen koollensa ko’oilleen ko’oillensa essive kokonaan kokonansa kokoinaan kokoinansa translative kookseen kooksensa ko’oikseen ko’oiksensa abessive koottaan koottansa ko’oittaan ko’oittansa instructive — — comitative — kokoineen kokoinensa

Nonstandard:

Inflection of koko (Kotus type 1*/valo, k-’ gradation)
nominative		koko	ko’ot
genitive		ko’on	kokojen
partitive		kokoa	kokoja
illative		kokoon	kokoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		koko	ko’ot
accusative	nom.	koko	ko’ot
	gen.	ko’on
genitive		ko’on	kokojen
partitive		kokoa	kokoja
inessive		ko’ossa	ko’oissa
elative		ko’osta	ko’oista
illative		kokoon	kokoihin
adessive		ko’olla	ko’oilla
ablative		ko’olta	ko’oilta
allative		ko’olle	ko’oille
essive		kokona	kokoina
translative		ko’oksi	ko’oiksi
abessive		ko’otta	ko’oitta
instructive		—	ko’oin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of koko (Kotus type 1*/valo, k-’ gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kokoni kokoni accusative nom. kokoni kokoni gen. kokoni genitive kokoni kokojeni partitive kokoani kokojani inessive ko’ossani ko’oissani elative ko’ostani ko’oistani illative kokooni kokoihini adessive ko’ollani ko’oillani ablative ko’oltani ko’oiltani allative ko’olleni ko’oilleni essive kokonani kokoinani translative ko’okseni ko’oikseni abessive ko’ottani ko’oittani instructive — — comitative — kokoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kokosi kokosi accusative nom. kokosi kokosi gen. kokosi genitive kokosi kokojesi partitive kokoasi kokojasi inessive ko’ossasi ko’oissasi elative ko’ostasi ko’oistasi illative kokoosi kokoihisi adessive ko’ollasi ko’oillasi ablative ko’oltasi ko’oiltasi allative ko’ollesi ko’oillesi essive kokonasi kokoinasi translative ko’oksesi ko’oiksesi abessive ko’ottasi ko’oittasi instructive — — comitative — kokoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kokomme kokomme accusative nom. kokomme kokomme gen. kokomme genitive kokomme kokojemme partitive kokoamme kokojamme inessive ko’ossamme ko’oissamme elative ko’ostamme ko’oistamme illative kokoomme kokoihimme adessive ko’ollamme ko’oillamme ablative ko’oltamme ko’oiltamme allative ko’ollemme ko’oillemme essive kokonamme kokoinamme translative ko’oksemme ko’oiksemme abessive ko’ottamme ko’oittamme instructive — — comitative — kokoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kokonne kokonne accusative nom. kokonne kokonne gen. kokonne genitive kokonne kokojenne partitive kokoanne kokojanne inessive ko’ossanne ko’oissanne elative ko’ostanne ko’oistanne illative kokoonne kokoihinne adessive ko’ollanne ko’oillanne ablative ko’oltanne ko’oiltanne allative ko’ollenne ko’oillenne essive kokonanne kokoinanne translative ko’oksenne ko’oiksenne abessive ko’ottanne ko’oittanne instructive — — comitative — kokoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kokonsa kokonsa accusative nom. kokonsa kokonsa gen. kokonsa genitive kokonsa kokojensa partitive kokoaan kokoansa kokojaan kokojansa inessive ko’ossaan ko’ossansa ko’oissaan ko’oissansa elative ko’ostaan ko’ostansa ko’oistaan ko’oistansa illative kokoonsa kokoihinsa adessive ko’ollaan ko’ollansa ko’oillaan ko’oillansa ablative ko’oltaan ko’oltansa ko’oiltaan ko’oiltansa allative ko’olleen ko’ollensa ko’oilleen ko’oillensa essive kokonaan kokonansa kokoinaan kokoinansa translative ko’okseen ko’oksensa ko’oikseen ko’oiksensa abessive ko’ottaan ko’ottansa ko’oittaan ko’oittansa instructive — — comitative — kokoineen kokoinensa

Derived terms

adjectives

• kokoinen
• kookas

 

adverbs

• kokoon
• koossa

 

verbs

• kokoontua
• koontaa
• koostaa
• koota
• koota

 

compounds

• atomikoko
• enimmäiskoko
• eräkoko
• foliokoko
• fonttikoko
• hajakoko
• hiukkaskoko
• jumbokoko
• keskikoko
• kirjainkoko
• kirjasinkoko
• kokoaikainen
• kokoaikatyö
• kokoaskel
• kokoero
• kokoerottelu
• kokoilta
• kokojyväleipä
• kokokierteinen
• kokokuva
• kokolainausmerkki
• kokolattiamatto
• kokoliha
• kokolihavalmiste
• kokoluokka
• kokomaito
• kokomusta
• kokonainen
• kokonelson
• kokonumero
• kokonumerointi
• kokonuotti
• kokopaikka
• kokoparta
• kokoperunat
• kokopitkä
• kokopuku
• kokopullo
• kokopuomi
• kokopäivähoito
• kokopäiväinen
• kokopäiväosasto
• kokopäivätoiminen
• kokopäivätyö
• kokopäästösuodatin
• kokoruututila
• kokosivu
• kokosukeltaja
• kokosummain
• kokosävelaskel
• kokotalvinen
• kokotauko
• kokotekstitietokanta
• kokovaippaluoti
• kokovalkoinen
• kokovartalokuva
• kokovartalopeili
• kokovartalopuudutus
• kokoveri
• kokovuotinen
• kokoöinen
• kulmakoko
• kuppikoko
• kuvakoko
• maksimikoko
• matkakoko
• miniatyyrikoko
• minimikoko
• määräkoko
• nollakoko
• normaalikoko
• otoskoko
• pakkauskoko
• paperikoko
• pienoiskoko
• pistekoko
• raekoko
• rouvakoko
• ryhmäkoko
• silmäkoko
• sivukoko
• standardikoko
• tabloidikoko
• taskukoko
• tilakoko
• tuumakoko
• vakiokoko
• vähimmäiskoko
• välikoko

 

Further reading

• “koko”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Hausa

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kóː.kó/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [kʷóː.kʷó]

Noun

kōko m (possessed form kōkon)

1. a porridge made from soaked durra flour

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English cocoa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kòː.kóː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [kʷòː.kʷóː]

Noun

kṑkō m (possessed form kṑkon)

1. cocoa

Hawaiian

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *toto (compare with Tahitian toto, Maori toto)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈko.ko/

Noun

koko

1. blood

Indonesian

Etymology

From Hokkien 哥哥 (ko-ko, “older brother”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkoko]
• Hyphenation: ko‧ko

Noun

koko (plural koko-koko, first-person possessive kokoku, second-person possessive kokomu, third-person possessive kokonya)

1. (colloquial) older brother.

   Synonyms: abang, kakak

2. (colloquial) short for baju koko.

Related terms

• baju koko

 

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *koko. Cognates include Finnish koko and Estonian kogu.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkoko/, [ˈko̞ko̞]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkoko/, [ˈko̞ɡ̊o̞]
• Rhymes: -oko
• Hyphenation: ko‧ko

Determiner

koko (invariable)

1. whole, entire
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 53:

     Koko mailman tööläisin käyttäjä.

     The leader of the workers of the entire world.

Noun

koko

1. heap, pile

Declension

Declension of koko (type 4/koivu, k- gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	koko	koot
genitive	koon	kokkoin, kokoloin
partitive	kokkoa	kokoja, kokoloja
illative	kokkoo	kokkoi, kokoloihe
inessive	koos	koois, kokolois
elative	koost	kooist, kokoloist
allative	koolle	kooille, kokoloille
adessive	kool	kooil, kokoloil
ablative	koolt	kooilt, kokoloilt
translative	kooks	kooiks, kokoloiks
essive	kokonna, kokkoon	kokoinna, kokoloinna, kokkoin, kokoloin
exessive1)	kokont	kokoint, kokoloint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

• (heap): mytty, ropja, runni

Derived terms

• kokonaa
• kokonain

 

References

• V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 101
• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 181

Japanese

Romanization

koko

1. Rōmaji transcription of ここ

Kari'na

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *koko; compare Apalaí koko, Trió koko, Wayana koko, and likely Ye'kwana koijai and ko'momü from the same stem.

Pronunciation

• (Venezuela, West Suriname) IPA^(key): [koːko]
• (East Suriname) IPA^(key): [koʔko]

Adverb

koko

1. by night, at night

Derived terms

• kokoro
• kokorompo
• kokoròne
• kòmamy
• kòmanka

 

References

• Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary‎^[3], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 297
• Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “koko”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 221; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎^[4], Paris, 1956, page 215

Laboya

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkoːko]

Noun

koko

1. neck

References

• Allahverdi Verdizade (2019) “koko”, in Lamboya word list‎^[5], Leiden: LexiRumah

Makasar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɔkɔ]

Noun

koko (Lontara spelling ᨀᨚᨀᨚ)

1. garden, plantation

Maori

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

koko

1. scoop, ladle

   Synonyms: kapu, tīkoko

2. shovel
3. spoon

Verb

koko (passive kokoa or kokongia or kokotia)

1. to ladle, to scoop up

   Synonym: kapu

2. to shovel

Related terms

• kō

Derived terms

• tīkoko

 

Further reading

• Williams, Herbert William (1917) “koko”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 153
• “koko” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Marshallese

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (phonetic) IPA^(key): [koːɡo], (enunciated) [ko ko]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /kewkew/
• Bender phonemes: {kȩwkȩw}

Noun

koko

1. mahi-mahi; common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English cocoa, from Spanish cacao, from Classical Nahuatl cacahuatl.

Pronunciation

• (phonetic) IPA^(key): [koːɡo, kɔːɡɔ, kʷoːɡʷo, kʷɔːɡʷɔ]; (enunciated) [ko ko, kɔ kɔ, kʷo kʷo, kʷɔ kʷɔ]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /kewkew, kɛwkɛw, kʷewkʷew, kʷɛwkʷɛw/
• Bender phonemes: {kȩwkȩw, kewkew, kʷȩwkʷȩw, kʷewkʷew}

Noun

koko

1. cocoa; chocolate

References

• Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

Murui Huitoto

Etymology

Cognates include Minica Huitoto koko and Nüpode Huitoto koko.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɔkɔ]
• Hyphenation: ko‧ko

Pronoun

koko

1. we two (masculine)

Declension

Declension of koko

	singular	dual		plural
		m	f
Absolutive	kue	koko	kaiñaɨ	kaɨ
Nominative	kuedɨ	kokodɨ	kaiñaɨdɨ	kaɨdɨ
Accusative	kuena	kokona	kaiñaɨna	kaɨna
Dative/Locative	kuemo	kokomo	kaiñaɨmo	kaɨmo
Ablative	kuemona	kokomona	kaiñaɨmona	kaɨmona
Instrumental	kuedo	kokodo	kaiñaɨdo	kaɨdo
Causal	kueri	kokori	kaiñaɨri	kaɨri
Privative	kuenino	kokonino	kaiñaɨnino	kaɨnino

References

• Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)‎^[6] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 46
• Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.‎^[7], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 157

Pangasinan

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *kukuh, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kukuh, from Proto-Austronesian *kuSkuS.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuˈko/, [kʊˈko]
• Hyphenation: ku‧ko

Noun

kokó

1. fingernail; toenail; nail

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Adjective

koko

1. wild
2. eccentric

Noun

koko (ma class, plural makoko)

1. wilderness
2. nut, pit
3. testicle

Swedish

Adjective

koko (comparative mer koko, superlative mest koko)

1. (colloquial) crazy

Usage notes

Uninflected.

References

• koko in Svensk ordbok (SO)

Trió

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *koko; compare Apalaí koko, Kari'na koko, Wayana koko, and likely Ye'kwana koijai and ko'momü from the same stem.

Adverb

koko

1. by night

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *koko.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈkoko/, [ˈkoko]
• Rhymes: -oko
• Hyphenation: ko‧ko

Adjective

koko

1. (not inflected) (the) whole, entire

Adverb

koko

1. very, entirely, completely

Noun

koko

1. heap, pile

Inflection

Declension of koko (type II/võrkko, k-g gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	koko	kogod
genitive	kogo	kokojõ, kokoi
partitive	kokkoa	kokoitõ, kokoi
illative	kokkosõ, kokko	kokoisõ
inessive	kogoz	kokoiz
elative	kogossõ	kokoissõ
allative	kogolõ	kokoilõ
adessive	kogollõ	kokoillõ
ablative	kogoltõ	kokoiltõ
translative	kogossi	kokoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “koko”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

West Makian

Etymology

Possibly cognate with Ternate oko (“chin”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈko.ko/

Noun

koko

1. chin

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[8], Pacific linguistics

Wolof

Noun

koko (definite form koko bi)

1. coconut

Yami

Noun

koko

1. (anatomy) fingernail; toenail

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kò.kò/

Noun

kòkò

1. Alternative form of ìkòkò

Derived terms

• kòkò irin

Etymology 2

kòkó

From English cocoa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kò.kó/

Noun

kòkó

1. cocoa

Derived terms

• Ilé kòkó

Etymology 3

kókò

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kó.kò/

Noun

kókò

1. cocoyam

   Synonym: lámbó

Etymology 4

Cognates include Nupe kókó.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kó.kó/

Noun

kókó

1. point
2. subject, essence, theme
3. lump
4. (cytology, physics, chemistry) nucleus

Derived terms

• a kì í mọ̀ ọ́n gún mọ̀ ọ́n tẹ̀ kí iyán ewùrà máà ní kókó
• kókó ọmú (“nipple”)
• kókó ìka (“finger knukle”)
• ṣe kókó (“to be important”)

 

Etymology 5

Kókó pakóróbójó.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kó.kó/

Noun

kókó

1. knot

Hyponyms

• kókó dan-in dan-in (“tight knot”)
• kókó pakóróbójó (“slip knot”)

 

Derived terms

• so kókó (“to tie a knot”)
• ta kókó (“to tie a knot”)
• tú kókó (“to untie a knot”)