lélek
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See also: lelek
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finno-Ugric *lewle (“breath, soul”)[1] + -k (diminutive suffix).[2] Compare Finnish löyly (“spirit”, obsolete) and Hungarian lélegzik (“to breathe”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]lélek (plural lelkek)
- soul (spirit of a person thought to consist of one's thoughts and personality)
- 1844, Sándor Petőfi, Az alföld[1], lines 7–8:
- Börtönéből szabadúlt sas lelkem, / Ha a rónák végtelenjét látom.
- My eagle soul breaks free from its prison / When I see the endless plains.
- soul (person, especially as one among many)
- A város 120.000 lelket számlál. ― The city counts a population of 120,000 souls.
- Egy árva lélek sem maradt az egész épületben. ― There wasn't a single soul left in the entire building.
- sound post (wooden rod located inside the body of a violin-family instrument)
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | lélek | lelkek |
accusative | lelket | lelkeket |
dative | léleknek | lelkeknek |
instrumental | lélekkel | lelkekkel |
causal-final | lélekért | lelkekért |
translative | lélekké | lelkekké |
terminative | lélekig | lelkekig |
essive-formal | lélekként | lelkekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | lélekben | lelkekben |
superessive | lelken | lelkeken |
adessive | léleknél | lelkeknél |
illative | lélekbe | lelkekbe |
sublative | lélekre | lelkekre |
allative | lélekhez | lelkekhez |
elative | lélekből | lelkekből |
delative | lélekről | lelkekről |
ablative | lélektől | lelkektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
léleké | lelkeké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
lélekéi | lelkekéi |
Possessive forms of lélek | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | lelkem | lelkeim |
2nd person sing. | lelked | lelkeid |
3rd person sing. | lelke | lelkei |
1st person plural | lelkünk | lelkeink |
2nd person plural | lelketek | lelkeitek |
3rd person plural | lelkük | lelkeik |
Derived terms
[edit]Compound words
Expressions
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Entry #483 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ lélek in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- lélek in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Categories:
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛk
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛk/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms with quotations
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian nouns with alternating stems
- hu:Religion