manifestation

English

Etymology

From Middle English manifestacion, manyfestacion, manyfestacioun, from Late Latin manifestātiō. In the political sense, a semantic loan from French manifestation. By surface analysis, manifest +‎ -ation.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌmænɪfɛˈsteɪʃən/, /ˌmænɪfəˈsteɪʃən/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪʃən

Noun

manifestation (countable and uncountable, plural manifestations)

1. The act or process of becoming manifest.

   The last known manifestation of the ghost was over ten years ago.

   • 2012, W. Mckenna, R.M. Harlan, L.E. Winters, Apriori and World, page 101:

     Rather, the genuinely historical lies in the appearing of the phenomenalizing cogitatio, an appearing that does not refer back to pregivennesses; that is, the genuinely historical lies in the manifestation of noetic-noematic consciousness.

2. The embodiment of an intangible, or variable thing.

   This particular manifestation resembled a young girl crying.

   • 2014 March 3, Zoe Alderton, “‘Snapewives’ and ‘Snapeism’: A Fiction-Based Religion within the Harry Potter Fandom”, in Religions‎^[1], volume 5, number 1, MDPI, →DOI, pages 219–257:

     Despite personal schisms and differences in spiritual experience, there is a very coherent theology of Snape shared between the wives. To examine this manifestation of religious fandom, I will first discuss the canon scepticism and anti-Rowling sentiment that helps to contextualise the wider belief in Snape as a character who extends beyond book and film.

3. (medicine) The symptoms or observable conditions which are seen as a result of some disease.
4. A pattern or logo on a sheet of glass, as decoration and/or to prevent people from accidentally walking into it.
5. (dated) A political demonstration or protest.
   • 1891 June, “Russian Chronicle”, in Free Russia, number 11, page 16:

     The nationalist parties were also busy during the whole of April preparing a manifestation for the 3rd of May, the centennial anniversary of the “constitution of 1791.”

   • 1949, Reuben H. Markham, Rumania Under the Soviet Yoke, page 458:

     “The Printers Union published a communique branding General Radescu and those who took part in the manifestation as ‘fascists.’”

   • 1956, Carlile Aylmer Macartney, October Fifteenth: A History of Modern Hungary, 1929–1945, volume 1, page 134:

     There were anti-Semitic riots at several of the High Schools and manifestations among the unemployed graduates emerging from those institutions.

6. (initially occult, now slang) Willing something into existence (see manifest (verb)).

   I don't believe in manifestation.

Translations

the act or process of becoming manifest

• Azerbaijani: təzahür
• Bulgarian: проява (bg) f (projava), проявяване n (projavjavane)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 顯示／显示 (zh) (xiǎnshì)

• Dutch: manifestatie (nl)
• French: manifestation (fr) f
• German: Manifestation (de) f, Erscheinung (de) f
• Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌹 f (bairhtei)
• Greek: εκδήλωση (el) (ekdílosi)

  Ancient: ἐπιφάνεια f (epipháneia)

• Hindi: अभिव्यक्‍ति (abhivyak‍ti), प्रकटीकरण (hi) (prakṭīkraṇ), प्रादुर्भाव (hi) (prādurbhāv), आविर्भाव (hi) (āvirbhāv), तजल्ली (hi) (tajallī), ज़ुहूर (zuhūr)
• Indonesian: manifestasi (id)
• Irish: réaladh m
• Italian: manifestazione (it) f
• Japanese: 明示 (ja) (めいじ, meiji)
• Kashubian: manifestacjô
• Korean: 표현(表現) (ko) (pyohyeon), (징후 (ko) (jinghu))
• Latin: manifēstātiō f, patefactiō f
• Malayalam: ആവിർഭാവം (ml) (āviṟbhāvaṁ)
• Maltese: manifestazzjoni f
• Maori: whakatinanatanga
• Ottoman Turkish: تجلی (tecelli)
• Persian: تجلی (fa) (tajalli)
• Portuguese: manifestação (pt) f
• Romanian: manifestare (ro) f, manifestație (ro) f
• Russian: проявле́ние (ru) n (projavlénije), манифеста́ция (ru) f (manifestácija) (stilted)
• Scottish Gaelic: foillseachadh m
• Spanish: manifestación (es) f
• Swedish: manifestation (sv) c

medicine: symptoms or observable conditions

• Bulgarian: симптом (bg) m (simptom)
• Czech: projev (cs) m
• French: manifestation (fr) f
• Romanian: manifestare (ro) f
• Russian: проявления болезни (projavlénije bolézni) n
• Swedish: manifestation (sv) c

French

Etymology

From Late Latin manifestātiōnem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ma.ni.fɛs.ta.sjɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

manifestation f (plural manifestations)

1. protest, demonstration
   • 2020 11 June, Hajera Mohammad, “À Saint-Denis, "blouses blanches et gilets jaunes, c'est le même combat !"”, in France Bleu‎^[2]:

     Dominique, gilet jaune de la première à Saint-Denis (Seine-Saint-Denis), ne manque jamais les manifestations de soignants organisées dans sa ville, chaque mardi devant l’hôpital Delafontaine et chaque jeudi, devant l’hôpital Casanova, car pour lui, "blouses blanches, gilets jaunes, c’est le même combat !"

     Dominique, a yellow-vest protester from Saint-Denis (Seine-Saint-Denis) never fails to attend demonstrations in this city, every Tuesday at the Delafontaine hospital and every Thursday at the Casanova hospital, because according to her “white coats, yellow vests, it's all the same fight!”

2. expression
3. assembly, gathering (of people for an event)
4. creation

Related terms

• manifester
• manifest

Further reading

• “manifestation”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Interlingua

Noun

manifestation (plural manifestationes)

1. manifestation

Swedish

Noun

manifestation c

1. a (strong, public) display of opinion; a demonstration, a rally, a manifestation
2. a manifestation (of something)

Declension

Declension of manifestation

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	manifestation	manifestations
	definite	manifestationen	manifestationens
plural	indefinite	manifestationer	manifestationers
	definite	manifestationerna	manifestationernas

Related terms

• manifest
• manifestera

References

• manifestation in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• manifestation in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)