melancholia

English

Etymology

From Late Latin melancholia, which was in turn borrowed from the Ancient Greek medical term μελαγχολία (melankholía, “blackness of the bile”), from μέλας (mélas), μελαν- (melan-, “black, dark, murky”) + χολή (kholḗ, “bile”). Doublet of melancholy.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -əʊliə

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

Noun

melancholia (countable and uncountable, plural melancholias)

1. Deep sadness or gloom; melancholy

   Synonyms: gloom, melancholy, sadness

2. (pathology) depression, characterised by irrational fears, guilt and apathy

Derived terms

• melancholiac

Related terms

• melancholy
• melancholic

Translations

Translations

• Bulgarian: меланхолия (bg) f (melanholija)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 憂鬱／忧郁 (zh) (yōuyù), 悲哀 (zh) (bēi'āi)

• Czech: melancholie (cs) f
• Danish: melankoli (da) c, vemod n
• Dutch: melancholie (nl) f, weemoed (nl) m
• Finnish: melankolia (fi), apeus (fi), surumielisyys (fi)
• French: mélancolie (fr) f
• German: Melancholie (de) f, Schwermut (de) f, Wehmut (de) f
• Greek: μελαγχολία (el) f (melancholía)
• Icelandic: þunglyndi (is) n
• Italian: malinconia (it) f
• Japanese: 憂鬱 (ja) (yūutsu), 鬱病 (ja) (utsubyō)
• Korean: 우울 (ko) (uul), 침울 (ko) (chimul)
• Latin: melancholia f
• Lithuanian: melancholija f
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: melankoli m, tungsinn n, svartsyn n, vemod n

  Nynorsk: tunglynde n

• Polish: melancholia (pl) f
• Portuguese: melancolia (pt) f
• Romanian: melancolie (ro) f, tristețe (ro) f
• Russian: меланхо́лия (ru) f (melanxólija)
• Spanish: melancolía (es) f
• Swedish: melankoli (sv) c, svårmod (sv) n, vemod (sv) n, tungsinne (sv) n
• Turkish: melankoli (tr), hüzün (tr)
• Ukrainian: меланхолія f (melanxolija)
• Vietnamese: trầm cảm (vi)

Polish

Alternative forms

• mankalija, mankolia (Kuyavia)
• mankolija (Far Masovian)

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Late Latin melancholia, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɛ.lanˈxɔ.lja/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔlja
• Syllabification: me‧lan‧cho‧lia

Noun

melancholia f (related adjective melancholiczny)

1. (psychology) melancholy

Declension

Declension of melancholia

	singular	plural
nominative	melancholia	melancholie
genitive	melancholii	melancholii/melancholij (archaic)
dative	melancholii	melancholiom
accusative	melancholię	melancholie
instrumental	melancholią	melancholiami
locative	melancholii	melancholiach
vocative	melancholio	melancholie

Derived terms

adjectives

• (dialectal) mankolijny

 

nouns

• melancholiczka
• melancholik

 

Related terms

adverbs

• melancholicznie

 

Further reading

• melancholia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• melancholia in Polish dictionaries at PWN