pharaoh

See also: Pharaoh

English

Tutankhamun, a pharaoh

Alternative forms

• pharao (the supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)
• Pharaoh (the supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)
• pharaon (archaic)

Etymology

From Middle English pharao (also as pharaon, farao, faraon, etc.), from Old English pharao, from Late Latin Pharaō, from Ancient Greek Φαραώ (Pharaṓ), from Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (par‘ōh), from Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ (“palace, pharaoh”, literally “pr (“house”) + ꜥꜣ (“great, big”)”).

Pronunciation

• (UK, General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈfɛː.ɹəʊ/, /ˈfɛə.ɹəʊ/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈfæɹ.oʊ/, /ˈfɛ(ə)ɹ.oʊ/
• Rhymes: (UK, General Australian) -ɛːɹəʊ, (UK, US, General Australian) -ɛəɹəʊ, (US) -æɹəʊ
• Homophones: faro, Faroe
• Homophone: Ferro (only in accents with the Mary-marry-merry merger)
• Hyphenation: pha‧raoh

Noun

pharaoh (countable and uncountable, plural pharaohs)

2. (historical) The supreme ruler of Ancient Egypt; a formal address for the sovereign seat of power as personified by the "king" in an institutional role of Horus son of Osiris; often used by metonymy for Ancient Egyptian sovereignty

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pharaoh

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 14:18, column 1:

     And the Egyptians ſhall know that I am the Lord, when I haue gotten me honour vpon Pharaoh, vpon his charets, and vpon his horſemen.

3. (uncountable, card games) The card game faro.
   • 1945, Robert Hardy Andrews, Burning gold:

     "I pray, when I play pharaoh at White's, that the cards fall as they have come to my hand in this large gamble," Anstis said.

Hyponyms

• (female): pharaohess

Derived terms

• pharaoh ant
• pharaohess
• pharaonic

Translations

supreme ruler of ancient Egypt

• Aghul: ферӏеван
• Albanian: faraon m
• Amharic: ፈርኦን (färʾon)
• Arabic: فِرْعَوْن (ar) m (firʕawn)

  Egyptian Arabic: فرعون m (furʕūn)

  Hijazi Arabic: فرعون m (firʕōn)

• Aramaic:

  Classical Syriac: ܦܪܥܘܢ m (perʿūn)

• Armenian: փարավոն (hy) (pʻaravon)
• Asturian: faraón (ast) m
• Avar: фиргӏавн (firʻawn)
• Azerbaijani: firon
• Bashkir: фирғәүен (firğəwen)
• Bats: please add this translation if you can
• Belarusian: фарао́н m (faraón)
• Bengali: ফেরাউন (pheraun)
• Bulgarian: фарао́н m (faraón)
• Burmese: ဖါရော (hparau:)
• Catalan: faraó (ca) m
• Chechen: пирӏон (pirˀon)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 法老 (faat³ lou⁵), 法老王

  Mandarin: 法老 (zh) (fǎlǎo), 法老王

• Coptic: ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ (pharaō)
• Czech: faraon (cs) m, farao (cs) m
• Danish: farao c
• Dargwa: пиргӏяван (pirʿəvan)
• Dutch: farao (nl) m
• Egyptian: (nswt-bjtj m), (nsw m), (Late Egyptian) (pr-ꜥꜣ m)
• Esperanto: faraono
• Estonian: vaarao
• Faroese: farao c
• Finnish: faarao (fi)
• French: pharaon (fr) m
• Galician: faraón (gl) m
• Ge'ez: ፈርዖን (färʿon)
• Georgian: ფარაონი (paraoni)
• German: Pharao (de) m, Pharaonin (de) f
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍉 (faraō)
• Greek: Φαραώ (el) m (Faraó), φαραώ m (faraó)

  Ancient Greek: Φαραώ m (Pharaṓ), Φαραών m (Pharaṓn)

• Hebrew: פַּרְעֹה (he) m (par'ó)
• Hindi: फ़िरौन m (firaun), फ़ैरो m (fairo), फिरऔन (hi) m (phiraaun), फ़िरऔन (firaaun)
• Hungarian: fáraó (hu)
• Icelandic: faraó m
• Ido: faraono (io)
• Ilocano: paraon
• Indonesian: firaun
• Ingrian: varajooni
• Ingush: пирӏов (pirˀov), перӏун (perˀun)
• Italian: faraone (it) m
• Japanese: ファラオ (farao)
• Kazakh: перғауын (perğauyn)
• Khmer: ផារ៉ាអុង (para'ong), ផារ៉ោន (phaaraon)
• Korean: 파라오 (ko) (parao)
• Kumyk: пиравун (pirawun)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: fîrewn (ku) m

• Kyrgyz: фараон (faraon)
• Lak: пиръаьн (pirʼän)
• Lao: please add this translation if you can
• Latin: pharaō m
• Latvian: faraons m
• Lezgi: фиръаван (firʾavan)
• Lithuanian: faraonas (lt) m
• Macedonian: фараон m (faraon)
• Malagasy: farao (mg), Farao
• Malay: firaun (ms)
• Maltese: fargħun m
• Maori: pārao
• Marathi: फेरो m (phero)
• Mongolian: фараон (mn) (faraon)
• Norwegian: farao (no) m
• Occitan: faraon (oc) m
• Odia: ଫାରୋ (or) (phāro)
• Old Church Slavonic: фараѡнъ (faraonŭ)
• Old East Slavic: фараонъ m (faraonŭ)
• Ottoman Turkish: فرعون (fir’avn)
• Pashto: فرعون (ps) m (fer'áwn)
• Persian: فرعون (fa) (fer'own)
• Polish: faraon (pl) m
• Portuguese: faraó (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਫਰਾਓਹੋ m (pharāoho)
• Romanian: faraon (ro) m
• Russian: фарао́н (ru) m (faraón)
• Rutul: фергьаӏвын
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: фара̀о̄н m

  Roman: faràōn (sh) m

• Slovak: faraón (sk) m
• Spanish: faraón (es) m

  Old Spanish: pharaon

• Swahili: firauni (sw)
• Swedish: farao (sv) c
• Tabasaran: фяряуьн (fjarjau̱n)
• Tagalog: paraon
• Tajik: фиръавн (firʾavn)
• Tatar: фиргавен (tt) (firgawen)
• Telugu: ఫరో (pharō)
• Thai: ฟาโรห์ (faa-roo)
• Turkish: firavun (tr)
• Turkmen: faraon
• Ukrainian: фарао́н (uk) m (faraón)
• Urdu: فرعون (ur) m (fir'aun)
• Uyghur: فىرئەۋىن (fir'ewin)
• Uzbek: firʼavn (uz)
• Vietnamese: pha-ra-ông
• Volapük: (♂♀) faraon, (♂) hifaraon, (♀) jifaraon
• Yiddish: פּרעה m (pare)
• Zulu: please add this translation if you can