rase

See also: rasé, rasë, rašė, řase, and RASE

English

Etymology

From Middle English rasen, from Old French raser, from Vulgar Latin *rasare, from Latin rasus < rado. See also erase.

Pronunciation

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• enPR: rāz, IPA^(key): /ɹeɪz/
• Homophones: raise, rays, raze, rehs, réis, res
• Rhymes: -eɪz

Noun

rase (plural rases)

1. (obsolete) A scratching out, or erasure.
   • 1612, Pietro Martire “d'” Anghiera, De Novo Orbe, Or the Historie of the West Indies, page 89:

     But of the diuersitie of popingaies, we haue spoken sufficiently in the firste Decade: for in the rase of this large lande, Colonus him selfe brought and sent to the courte a great number of euery kinde, the whiche it was lawfull for all the people to beholde, and are yet daily brought in like manner.

   • 1628, John Gaule, The Practiqve Theorists Panegyrick. … A Sermon preached at Pauls-Crosse:

     The rase of whose skinne […] was more then the torment of their wretched Bodyes

   • 1773, “Hycke-Scorner: A Morality.”, in Thomas Hawkins, editor, The Origin of the English Drama, page 89:

     Felowes, they shall never more us withstonde, For I se them all drowned in the rase of Irlonde,

2. A slight wound; a scratch.
3. A way of measuring in which the commodity measured was made even with the top of the measuring vessel by rasing, or striking off, all that was above it.

Verb

rase (third-person singular simple present rases, present participle rasing, simple past and past participle rased)

1. (obsolete) To rub along the surface of; to graze.
   • 1692, Robert South, “A Sermon Preached at Westminster-Abbey, February 22. 1684-5. [Julian calendar]”, in Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions. […], volume I, London: […] J[ohn] H[eptinstall] for Thomas Bennet, […], →OCLC, page 317:

     For was he not in the neareſt Neighbourhood to Death? And might not the Bullet, that perhaps razed his Cheek, have as eaſily gone into his Head?

   • 1786, [William Beckford], translated by [Samuel Henley], An Arabian Tale, from an Unpublished Manuscript: […] [Vathek], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 103:

     Sometimes, his feet raſed the ſurface of the water; and, at others, the ſkylight almoſt flattened his noſe.

2. (obsolete) To rub or scratch out; to erase.
   • 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 25”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […]‎^[1], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:

     The painefull warrier famoſed for worth,
     After a thouſand victories once foild,
     Is from the booke of honour raſed quite,
     And all the reſt forgot for which he toild: […]

   • 1660, Thomas Fuller, “Name General”, in Mixt Contemplations in Better Times, London: […] R[oger] D[aniel] for Iohn Williams, […], →OCLC, page 17:

     Though we carry a ſimple and ſingle remembrance of our loſſes unto the grave, it being impoſſible to do other-waies (except we raze the faculty of memory Roote and Branch out of our mind) yet let us not keep any record of them with the leaſt reflection of revenge.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 361–363:

     Though of their Names in heavenly Records now / Be no memorial, blotted out and ras'd / By thir Rebellion, from the Books of Life.

3. To level with the ground; to overthrow; to destroy; to raze.
   • [1611?], Homer, “Book II”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, →OCLC; republished as The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], new edition, volume I, London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, →OCLC, page 58:

     […] till Troy were by their brave hands rac'd, / They would not turn home: […]

     The spelling has been modernized.

4. To be leveled with the ground; to fall; to suffer overthrow.

Anagrams

• Sare, EARs, eras, arse, AREs, Sera, Ersa, ERAs, reas, Sear, sera, sear, ears, SERA, Ares, ares, ARSE, sare

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrasɛ]

Noun

rase f

1. dative/locative singular of rasa

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse rasa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raːsə/, [ˈʁɑːsə]

Verb

rase (imperative ras, infinitive at rase, present tense raser, past tense rasede, perfect tense har raset)

1. to rage
2. to storm

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *rasëda (“tired; pregnant; heavy”), from Proto-Finno-Permic *ranśe. Related to raske (“heavy”) (from *raskëda, where the -k- is a derivational suffix). Replaced earlier raskejalgne (literally “having heavy feet”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɑse/, [ˈrɑse̞]
• Rhymes: -ɑse
• Hyphenation: ra‧se

Adjective

rase (genitive raseda, partitive rasedat)

1. pregnant (carrying a fetus developing in its organism, expecting a child)

   rase naine ― a pregnant woman

   rasedaks jääma ― to get pregnant

   Naine on kaheksandat kuud rase. ― The woman is eight months pregnant.

2. (figurative) filled (with something abstract)
   • 1937, Heiti Talvik, Sügiselaul (poetry):

     Ammu juba viimse vase / vahtraladvad poetand rohtu. / Üksik uib, mis viljast rase, / trotsimas veel hallaohtu.

     The maple tops have long since shed / their last copper colour into the grass. / A lonely catkin, filled with fruit, / still defies the threat of frost.

Usage notes

• rase chiefly refers to humans, while tiine refers to animals.

Declension

Declension of rase (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		rase	rasedad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	raseda
genitive			rasedate
partitive		rasedat	rasedaid
illative		rasedasse	rasedatesse rasedaisse
inessive		rasedas	rasedates rasedais
elative		rasedast	rasedatest rasedaist
allative		rasedale	rasedatele rasedaile
adessive		rasedal	rasedatel rasedail
ablative		rasedalt	rasedatelt rasedailt
translative		rasedaks	rasedateks rasedaiks
terminative		rasedani	rasedateni
essive		rasedana	rasedatena
abessive		rasedata	rasedateta
comitative		rasedaga	rasedatega

Derived terms

nouns

• rasedus

 

verbs

• rasestama
• rasestuma

 

Compounds

• lõpurase
• riskirase

 

Related terms

• raske

 

Noun

rase (genitive raseda, partitive rasedat)

1. a pregnant person (usually a woman)

   rasedate võimlemine ― prenatal aerobics (literally, “aerobics for pregnant women”)

Declension

Declension of rase (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		rase	rasedad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	raseda
genitive			rasedate
partitive		rasedat	rasedaid
illative		rasedasse	rasedatesse rasedaisse
inessive		rasedas	rasedates rasedais
elative		rasedast	rasedatest rasedaist
allative		rasedale	rasedatele rasedaile
adessive		rasedal	rasedatel rasedail
ablative		rasedalt	rasedatelt rasedailt
translative		rasedaks	rasedateks rasedaiks
terminative		rasedani	rasedateni
essive		rasedana	rasedatena
abessive		rasedata	rasedateta
comitative		rasedaga	rasedatega

References

• rase in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
• “rase”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁaz/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

rase

1. feminine singular of ras

Verb

rase

1. inflection of raser:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “rase”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• ares, Arès, sera

German

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːzə

Verb

rase

1. inflection of rasen:
   1. first-person singular present
   2. first/third-person singular subjunctive I
   3. singular imperative

Indonesian

Etymology

From Javanese ꦫꦱꦺ (rasé).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrase/
• Hyphenation: ra‧sé

Noun

rasé (first-person possessive raseku, second-person possessive rasemu, third-person possessive rasenya)

1. small Indian civet (Viverricula indica).

   Synonyms: musang bulan, musang rase

Coordinate terms

• binturung
• dedes
• linsang
• luak
• luwak
• musang
• sigung
• teledu

 

Further reading

• “rase” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Verb

rase

1. third-person singular past historic of radere

Adjective

rase

1. feminine plural of raso

Anagrams

• Ares, arse, resa, sera

Latin

Participle

rāse

1. vocative masculine singular of rāsus

References

• rase in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Latvian

Noun

rase f (5th declension)

1. race (a large group of people set apart from others on the basis of a common heritage)
2. colour

Declension

Declension of rase (5th declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	rase	rases
accusative (akuzatīvs)	rasi	rases
genitive (ģenitīvs)	rases	rašu
dative (datīvs)	rasei	rasēm
instrumental (instrumentālis)	rasi	rasēm
locative (lokatīvs)	rasē	rasēs
vocative (vokatīvs)	rase	rases

Derived terms

• rasists

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Italian razza and Middle French race.

Noun

rase m (definite singular rasen, indefinite plural raser, definite plural rasene)

1. a race (of humankind)
2. a breed (of animal)

Etymology 2

From Old Norse rasa.

Verb

rase (imperative ras, present tense raser, passive rases, simple past raste, past participle rast, present participle rasende)

1. to be furious, fume, rage, rave
2. (figurative: fever, plague, war) to rage
3. (river) to rush, sweep over, tear along
4. (storm) to wreak havoc
5. (e.g. in an avalanche) to fall, slide
6. (with sammen) to collapse, cave in

Derived terms

• raseri

References

• “rase” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “rase_1” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
• “rase_2” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Italian razza and Middle French race.

Noun

rase m (definite singular rasen, indefinite plural rasar, definite plural rasane)

1. a race (of humankind)
2. a breed (of animal)

Etymology 2

From Old Norse rasa.

Verb

rase (present tense rasar, past tense rasa, past participle rasa, passive infinitive rasast, present participle rasande, imperative rase/ras)

1. to be furious, fume, rage, rave
2. (figurative: fever, plague, war) to rage
3. (river) to rush, sweep over, tear along
4. (storm) to wreak havoc
5. (e.g. in an avalanche) to fall, slide
6. (with saman) to collapse, cave in

Alternative forms

• rasa

Derived terms

• raseri

References

• “rase” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Javanese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrase/
• Hyphenation: ra‧sé

Noun

rase

1. civet

   Synonyms: lubak, luwak

Descendants

• Javanese: ꦫꦱꦺ (rasé)
  • → Indonesian: rase

Further reading

• "rase" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀭𑀲𑁂 (Brahmi script)
• रसे (Devanagari script)
• রসে (Bengali script)
• රසෙ (Sinhalese script)
• ရသေ (Burmese script)
• รเส or ระเส (Thai script)
• ᩁᩈᩮ (Tai Tham script)
• ຣເສ or ຣະເສ (Lao script)
• រសេ (Khmer script)
• 𑄢𑄥𑄬 (Chakma script)

Noun

rase

1. inflection of rasa (“taste”):
   1. locative singular
   2. accusative plural

Romanian

Noun

rase f

1. plural of rasă

Spanish

Verb

rase

1. inflection of rasar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative