rociar

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *rōscidāre, derived from Latin rōscidus. Compare Spanish rociar, Catalan ruixar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ʁ)/ [ho.sɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ʁ)/ [hoˈsja(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ʁ)/ [ho.sɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ʁ)/ [hoˈsja(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ɾ)/ [ho.sɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ɾ)/ [hoˈsja(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ʁ)/ [χo.sɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ʁ)/ [χoˈsja(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁo.siˈa(ɻ)/ [ho.sɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁoˈsja(ɻ)/ [hoˈsja(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁuˈsjaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁuˈsjaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁuˈsja.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ro‧ci‧ar

Verb

rociar (first-person singular present rocio, first-person singular preterite rociei, past participle rociado)

1. (transitive) to cover with rattle; to dew
2. (transitive) to spray; to sprinkle
3. (intransitive) to form dew; to dew
4. (intransitive) to deposit in the form of (a) dew

Conjugation

    Conjugation of rociar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	rociar
Personal	rociar	rociares	rociar	rociarmos	rociardes	rociarem
Gerund
	rociando
Past participle
Masculine	rociado			rociados
Feminine	rociada			rociadas
Indicative
Present	rocio	rocias	rocia	rociamos	rociais	rociam
Imperfect	rociava	rociavas	rociava	rociávamos	rociáveis	rociavam
Preterite	rociei	rociaste	rociou	rociamos1, rociámos2	rociastes	rociaram
Pluperfect	rociara	rociaras	rociara	rociáramos	rociáreis	rociaram
Future	rociarei	rociarás	rociará	rociaremos	rociareis	rociarão
Conditional	rociaria	rociarias	rociaria	rociaríamos	rociaríeis	rociariam
Subjunctive
Present	rocie	rocies	rocie	rociemos	rocieis	rociem
Imperfect	rociasse	rociasses	rociasse	rociássemos	rociásseis	rociassem
Future	rociar	rociares	rociar	rociarmos	rociardes	rociarem
Imperative
Affirmative		rocia	rocie	rociemos	rociai	rociem
Negative (não)		não rocies	não rocie	não rociemos	não rocieis	não rociem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish ruciar, from Vulgar Latin *rōscidāre, derived from Latin rōscidus. Compare Portuguese rociar, Catalan ruixar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /roˈθjaɾ/ [roˈθjaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /roˈsjaɾ/ [roˈsjaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ro‧ciar

Verb

rociar (first-person singular present rocío, first-person singular preterite rocié, past participle rociado)

1. (transitive) to sprinkle, spatter
2. (transitive) to spray, to douse
   • 2023 March 30, Virginia Martínez, “Nueve detenidos por arrojar pintura roja a uno de los leones del Congreso como protesta por la inacción climática”, in El País‎^[1]:

     Una decena de miembros de organizaciones contra el cambio climático se han subido este jueves a una de las esculturas de leones del Congreso de los Diputados y han rociado con pintura roja tanto la estatua como varios peldaños de las escaleras, dos columnas y parte de la pared.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. (intransitive) to drizzle or rain as dew

Conjugation

    Conjugation of rociar (i-í alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			rociar
gerund			rociando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		rociado		rociada
		plural		rociados		rociadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	rocío	rocíastú rociásvos	rocía	rociamos	rociáis	rocían
	imperfect	rociaba	rociabas	rociaba	rociábamos	rociabais	rociaban
	preterite	rocié	rociaste	roció	rociamos	rociasteis	rociaron
	future	rociaré	rociarás	rociará	rociaremos	rociaréis	rociarán
	conditional	rociaría	rociarías	rociaría	rociaríamos	rociaríais	rociarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	rocíe	rocíestú rociésvos2	rocíe	rociemos	rociéis	rocíen
	imperfect (ra)	rociara	rociaras	rociara	rociáramos	rociarais	rociaran
	imperfect (se)	rociase	rociases	rociase	rociásemos	rociaseis	rociasen
	future1	rociare	rociares	rociare	rociáremos	rociareis	rociaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		rocíatú rociávos	rocíe	rociemos	rociad	rocíen
	negative		no rocíes	no rocíe	no rociemos	no rociéis	no rocíen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of rociar (i-í alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive rociar
	dative	rociarme	rociarte	rociarle, rociarse	rociarnos	rociaros	rociarles, rociarse
	accusative	rociarme	rociarte	rociarlo, rociarla, rociarse	rociarnos	rociaros	rociarlos, rociarlas, rociarse
with gerund rociando
	dative	rociándome	rociándote	rociándole, rociándose	rociándonos	rociándoos	rociándoles, rociándose
	accusative	rociándome	rociándote	rociándolo, rociándola, rociándose	rociándonos	rociándoos	rociándolos, rociándolas, rociándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative rocía
	dative	rocíame	rocíate	rocíale	rocíanos	not used	rocíales
	accusative	rocíame	rocíate	rocíalo, rocíala	rocíanos	not used	rocíalos, rocíalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative rociá
	dative	rociame	rociate	rociale	rocianos	not used	rociales
	accusative	rociame	rociate	rocialo, rociala	rocianos	not used	rocialos, rocialas
with formal second-person singular imperative rocíe
	dative	rocíeme	not used	rocíele, rocíese	rocíenos	not used	rocíeles
	accusative	rocíeme	not used	rocíelo, rocíela, rocíese	rocíenos	not used	rocíelos, rocíelas
with first-person plural imperative rociemos
	dative	not used	rociémoste	rociémosle	rociémonos	rociémoos	rociémosles
	accusative	not used	rociémoste	rociémoslo, rociémosla	rociémonos	rociémoos	rociémoslos, rociémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative rociad
	dative	rociadme	not used	rociadle	rociadnos	rociaos	rociadles
	accusative	rociadme	not used	rociadlo, rociadla	rociadnos	rociaos	rociadlos, rociadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative rocíen
	dative	rocíenme	not used	rocíenle	rocíennos	not used	rocíenles, rocíense
	accusative	rocíenme	not used	rocíenlo, rocíenla	rocíennos	not used	rocíenlos, rocíenlas, rocíense

Derived terms

• rociador
• rocío

 

Further reading

• “rociar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28