scio

See also: Scio and sciò

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈst͡sio]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -io
• Hyphenation: sci‧o

Noun

scio (uncountable, accusative scion)

1. knowledge

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): ^*/ˈʃi.o/
• Rhymes: -io
• Hyphenation: scì‧o

Verb

scio

1. first-person singular present indicative of sciare

Anagrams

• -isco, Cois, Cosi, Soči, cosi, cosi', così, isco-, osci, scoi, soci

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *skijō, from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to distinguish, dissect”). Related to secō (“to cut off”), signum (“a sign”), Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō, “to split”) and English shit.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈski.oː/, [ˈs̠kioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈʃi.o/, [ˈʃiːo]

Verb

sciō (present infinitive scīre, perfect active scīvī or sciī, supine scītum); fourth conjugation

1. to be able to, to know (how to do), understand, to have practical knowledge

   Synonyms: agnōscō, cognōscō, inveniō, sentiō, cōnsciō, sapiō, nōscō, scīscō, intellegō, percipiō, discernō, tongeō, cernō, audiō

   Antonyms: ignōrō, nesciō

   Scīsne ubi habitēmus? ― Do you know where we live?

2. (euphemistic) to know carnally

Conjugation

• Used with adverb, accusative, or ablative
• The third and fourth principal parts are shared with scīscō.
• The regular present imperatives, scī and scīte, are almost never encountered, with the regular second person future imperative forms scītō and scītōte being used instead.
• Irregular forms are commonly encountered in early Latin, especially in the imperfect and future tenses.
  • syncopated perfect forms: scīsse (= scīvisse), scīstī (= scīvistī), scīrint (= scīverint)
  • archaic imperfect forms: scībam, scībās, scībat, *scībāmus, scībātis, scībant (= sciēbam etc.)
  • archaic future forms: scībō, scībis, scībit, scībimus, *scībitis, scībunt (= sciam etc.), passive scībitur
  • Contraction scīn (or scīn') for scīsne (scīs + -ne)

Conjugation of sciō (fourth conjugation, no imperatives)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sciō	scīs	scit	scīmus	scītis	sciunt
	imperfect	sciēbam	sciēbās	sciēbat	sciēbāmus	sciēbātis	sciēbant
	future	sciam	sciēs	sciet	sciēmus	sciētis	scient
	perfect	scīvī, sciī	scīvistī, sciistī	scīvit, sciit	scīvimus, sciimus	scīvistis, sciistis	scīvērunt, scīvēre, sciērunt, sciēre
	pluperfect	scīveram, scieram	scīverās, scierās	scīverat, scierat	scīverāmus, scierāmus	scīverātis, scierātis	scīverant, scierant
	future perfect	scīverō, scierō	scīveris, scieris	scīverit, scierit	scīverimus, scierimus	scīveritis, scieritis	scīverint, scierint
passive	present	scior	scīris, scīre	scītur	scīmur	scīminī	sciuntur
	imperfect	sciēbar	sciēbāris, sciēbāre	sciēbātur	sciēbāmur	sciēbāminī	sciēbantur
	future	sciar	sciēris, sciēre	sciētur	sciēmur	sciēminī	scientur
	perfect	scītus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	scītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	scītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sciam	sciās	sciat	sciāmus	sciātis	sciant
	imperfect	scīrem	scīrēs	scīret	scīrēmus	scīrētis	scīrent
	perfect	scīverim, scierim	scīverīs, scierīs	scīverit, scierit	scīverīmus, scierīmus	scīverītis, scierītis	scīverint, scierint
	pluperfect	scīvissem, sciissem	scīvissēs, sciissēs	scīvisset, sciisset	scīvissēmus, sciissēmus	scīvissētis, sciissētis	scīvissent, sciissent
passive	present	sciar	sciāris, sciāre	sciātur	sciāmur	sciāminī	sciantur
	imperfect	scīrer	scīrēris, scīrēre	scīrētur	scīrēmur	scīrēminī	scīrentur
	perfect	scītus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	scītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	—	—	—	—	—
	future	—	scītō	—	—	scītōte	—
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		scīre	scīvisse, sciisse	scītūrum esse	scīrī	scītum esse	scītum īrī
participles		sciēns	—	scītūrus	—	scītus	sciendus, sciundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		sciendī	sciendō	sciendum	sciendō	scītum	scītū

Derived terms

• consciō
• nesciō
• praesciō
• sciēns
• scienter
• scientia
• scientificus
• scientiola
• scīlicet
• scīscō
• scītus

 

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: shtiu, shciu, sciu
  • Istro-Romanian: știvu
  • Megleno-Romanian: știu
  • Romanian: ști
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: ischire
• Borrowings:
  • → Esperanto: scii
  • → Italian: scire (rare)

References

• “scio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “scio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Félix Gaffiot (1934) “scio”, in Dictionnaire illustré latin-français [Illustrated Latin-French Dictionary] (in French), Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I know for a fact: certo (certe) scio (Arch. 12. 32)
    
  • I know very well: probe scio, non ignoro
    
  • as far as I know: quantum scio
    
  • as far as I know: quod sciam
    
  • we know from experience: experti scimus, didicimus
    
  • to have received a liberal education: litteras scire
    
  • to know Latin: latinam linguam scire or didicisse
    
  • to know Latin: latine scire