sprain

English

Etymology

1601, verb attested 1622. Possibly borrowed from Middle French espraindre (“to press out, to wring”), from Latin exprimere, in which case cognate to express.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /spɹeɪn/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪn

Verb

sprain (third-person singular simple present sprains, present participle spraining, simple past and past participle sprained)

1. To weaken, as a joint, ligament, or muscle, by sudden and excessive exertion, as by wrenching; to overstrain, or stretch injuriously, but without luxation

   to sprain one's ankle

   • 1963 June 8, Hare-Breadth Hurry, spoken by Bugs Bunny:

     Hi! I suppose you're expecting the Roadrunner! Well, he sprained a giblet cornering a sharp coive the other day, uh, so, uh, I'm standing in for him.

Translations

to weaken a joint, ligament, or muscle

• Afrikaans: swik, verstuit
• Bulgarian: изкълчвам (bg) (izkǎlčvam), навяхвам (bg) (navjahvam)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 扭傷／扭伤 (zh) (niǔshāng)

• Czech: vyvrtnout si pf, zvrtnout si pf, udělat si výron, podvrtnout si pf (kotník), natáhnout si pf (sval)
• Danish: forstuve
• Dutch: verstuiken (nl)
• Finnish: nyrjäyttää, nyrjähtää (fi) (joint); venäyttää, venähtää (fi) (soft tissue)
• French: se fouler (fr)
• Galician: torcer (gl), trasvirar, estordegar, escordar (gl), esnogar (gl)
• German: verstauchen (de)
• Hungarian: megrándít (hu)
• Irish: leon (ga)
• Italian: slogare (it)
• Japanese: 挫く (ja) (くじく, kujiku), 捻挫する (ねんざ-する, nenza-suru)
• Korean: 삐다 (ppida)
• Maori: takoki, tanuku
• Polish: skręcić (pl), zwichnąć (pl)
• Portuguese: torcer (pt)
• Russian: растя́гивать (ru) impf (rastjágivatʹ), растяну́ть (ru) pf (rastjanútʹ)
• Slovene: zviti si
• Spanish: torcer (es), esguinzar, hacerse una esguince
• Swedish: stuka (sv)
• Tagalog: malisok

Noun

sprain (plural sprains)

1. The act or result of spraining; lameness caused by spraining

   a bad sprain of the wrist

Synonyms

• wramp

Translations

act or result of spraining

• Arabic: اِلْتِوَاء m (iltiwāʔ)
• Bulgarian: изкълчване (bg) n (izkǎlčvane), навяхване n (navjahvane)
• Catalan: torçada (ca) f, esquinç (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 扭傷／扭伤 (zh) (niǔshāng)

• Czech: vyvrtnutí n, zvrtnutí n, podvrtnutí n, výron m (kotníku)
• Danish: forstuvning
• Dutch: verstuiking (nl)
• Finnish: nyrjähdys (fi) (of joint); venähdys (fi) (of soft tissue)
• French: entorse (fr) f
• German: Verstauchung (de) f
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: στρέμμα n (strémma)

• Hindi: मोच (hi) f (moc)
• Hungarian: rándulás (hu)
• Italian: slogatura (it) f, contorsione (it) f
• Japanese: 捻挫 (ja) (ねんざ, nenza)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: forstuelse m or f, strekk (no) m or n

• Polish: skręcenie (pl) n, zwichnięcie n
• Portuguese: torcedura (pt), torção (pt) f
• Russian: растяже́ние (ru) n (rastjažénije) (связок)
• Scottish Gaelic: snìomh m
• Slovene: zvin m
• Spanish: torcedura f, esguince (es) m, desguince (es) m

Anagrams

• Arpins, piRNAs, pirnas, spinar, spiran