torkkua
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]torkkua
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of torkkua (Kotus type 52*A/sanoa, kk-k gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | torkun | en torku | 1st sing. | olen torkkunut | en ole torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torkut | et torku | 2nd sing. | olet torkkunut | et ole torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torkkuu | ei torku | 3rd sing. | on torkkunut | ei ole torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torkumme | emme torku | 1st plur. | olemme torkkuneet | emme ole torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torkutte | ette torku | 2nd plur. | olette torkkuneet | ette ole torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torkkuvat | eivät torku | 3rd plur. | ovat torkkuneet | eivät ole torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torkutaan | ei torkuta | passive | on torkuttu | ei ole torkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | torkuin | en torkkunut | 1st sing. | olin torkkunut | en ollut torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torkuit | et torkkunut | 2nd sing. | olit torkkunut | et ollut torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torkkui | ei torkkunut | 3rd sing. | oli torkkunut | ei ollut torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torkuimme | emme torkkuneet | 1st plur. | olimme torkkuneet | emme olleet torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torkuitte | ette torkkuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte torkkuneet | ette olleet torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torkkuivat | eivät torkkuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat torkkuneet | eivät olleet torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torkuttiin | ei torkuttu | passive | oli torkuttu | ei ollut torkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | torkkuisin | en torkkuisi | 1st sing. | olisin torkkunut | en olisi torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torkkuisit | et torkkuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit torkkunut | et olisi torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torkkuisi | ei torkkuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi torkkunut | ei olisi torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torkkuisimme | emme torkkuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme torkkuneet | emme olisi torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torkkuisitte | ette torkkuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte torkkuneet | ette olisi torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torkkuisivat | eivät torkkuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat torkkuneet | eivät olisi torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torkuttaisiin | ei torkuttaisi | passive | olisi torkuttu | ei olisi torkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torku | älä torku | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torkkukoon | älköön torkkuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon torkkunut | älköön olko torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torkkukaamme | älkäämme torkkuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torkkukaa | älkää torkkuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torkkukoot | älkööt torkkuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot torkkuneet | älkööt olko torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torkuttakoon | älköön torkuttako | passive | olkoon torkuttu | älköön olko torkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | torkkunen | en torkkune | 1st sing. | lienen torkkunut | en liene torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | torkkunet | et torkkune | 2nd sing. | lienet torkkunut | et liene torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | torkkunee | ei torkkune | 3rd sing. | lienee torkkunut | ei liene torkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | torkkunemme | emme torkkune | 1st plur. | lienemme torkkuneet | emme liene torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | torkkunette | ette torkkune | 2nd plur. | lienette torkkuneet | ette liene torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | torkkunevat | eivät torkkune | 3rd plur. | lienevät torkkuneet | eivät liene torkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | torkuttaneen | ei torkuttane | passive | lienee torkuttu | ei liene torkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | torkkua | present | torkkuva | torkuttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | torkkunut | torkuttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | torkkuessa | torkuttaessa | agent4 | torkkuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | torkkumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | torkkuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | torkkumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | torkkumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | torkkumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | torkkumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | torkkumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | torkkuman | torkuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | torkkuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “torkkua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03