Papers by Georges-Jean Pinault
Usque ad Radices. Indo-European studies in honour of Birgit Anette Olsen, 2017
Etymology of this verb, as denominative from a compound, meaning 'becoming distant', hence 'movin... more Etymology of this verb, as denominative from a compound, meaning 'becoming distant', hence 'moving beyond'.
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And I Knew Twelve Languages, 2019
Survey of the etymologies of PIE 'bear'. New etymological proposal: the bear is the one character... more Survey of the etymologies of PIE 'bear'. New etymological proposal: the bear is the one characterized by its terrible paw, with suffix *-ko-. The noun for 'arm, paw' is based itself on the root *h2er-, as *h2er-t-.
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Альтернативная энергетика и экология, 2009
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Die Sprache, 1998
L'A. fait suite a un article de K.T. Schmidt paru dans Die Sprache (vol. 39, n°2, 1997), qui ... more L'A. fait suite a un article de K.T. Schmidt paru dans Die Sprache (vol. 39, n°2, 1997), qui se presentait comme un compte-rendu elargi de l'edition des textes en tokharien B de Berlin. Le travail present complete le travail de revision et de corrections des fautes de lecture, relevees dans la nouvelle edition de 1983 des fragments B 1-116 de la collection de Berlin. L'A. distingue 3 cas de faute de lecture: (1) mauvaise identication d'un mot; (2) erreur dans la segmentation des mots; (3) difference de restitution d'un mot incomplet.
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Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris 115/1, 2020, 321-390., 2020
The present article revisits the emergence of the Ved. morpheme -dhyai (Av. - diiāi), which is c... more The present article revisits the emergence of the Ved. morpheme -dhyai (Av. - diiāi), which is commonly accepted to be cognate with the Gk. medio-passive infinitive -σθαι, even though it differs in every detail, and the phonetics are irreconcilable. The Homeric form φέρεσθαι ‘to take away’ (home) or ‘to be taken away’ (by the winds) constitutes the adaptation of the older infinitive *φέρεσ-θι ‘to take away’. This form was recharacterised by the adverbial ending -αι, as in χαμαί ‘on the earth’, which in turn is the reflex of an ancient directional/allative *dhǵh-m-éh2 ‘toward the earth’, expanded by the PIE locative *-i. The grammaticalisation into a medio-passive occurred by focalising the object (ceci est à faire ‘this is to be done’ = à être fait ‘to be done’) or the causative agent (je te confie ceci à faire ‘I entrust you this to do’). Only a circular argument would allow a form *-dhyeh2-ey [dat. sg.] to account for Ved. -dhyai, whose consort *-dhyeh2-i [loc. sg.] is proposed simply in order to maintain the impossible connection with Gk. -σθαι. Abandoning this ruinous comparison enables us to hold up a mirror between Ved. -dhyai (Av. -diiāi) and IIr. *-dhyā (< *-dhyeh1), which has been reformed with a terminal dative IIr. *-ay, in turn borrowed to other types of infinitives. The Sabellic infinitve type Oscan sakrafír also requires final *-dhyeh1; Common Tocharian *-tsi provides a remodeled variant that surfaces as a pseudo-dative (post-IE *-dhyey). The Vedic facts lead us to conclude that the formation of śayádhyai ‘in order to lie down’ hinges on the univerbation of an ancient volitional or deontic injunctive *ḱey-h2e ‘I must lie down’ *ḱey-o ‘may he lie down’. The Italic data agree with this reconstruction, as do those from Tocharian. The Hittite phrase uwalḫuwanzi dāi ‘he sets himself to attack’ (from dāi ‘to place (oneself)’ < *dhéh1-i-, of –ḫi conjugation) provides the key to this agglutinative morpheme, which is properly the instrumental of the new root- noun *dhíh1- formed on the zero grade of the present stem *dhéh1-i-. This noun is continued in Ved. dhī́- f. ‘design, project’ . The Vedic morpheme -dhyai plays counterpoint to the Hittite phrase, through the permutation of nominal and verbal categories.
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Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris , 2001
substantif indo-iranien *tan4-ne peut pas être mis en relation dérivationnelle directe avec l'adj... more substantif indo-iranien *tan4-ne peut pas être mis en relation dérivationnelle directe avec l'adjectif en *-u-dérivé de la racine *ten(H 2)-«∞ ∞ ∞ s'étendre, tendre∞ ∞ ∞ ». Ce rapprochement traditionnel n'est pas satisfaisant sur le plan sémantique. Les emplois du mot sont examinés, en particulier dans les hymnes védiques. Ce substantif désigne le corps comme être physique identifié à la personne, au soi. Dans une partie de ses occurrences, il tend vers la valeur de pronom réfléchi. L'analyse du formulaire védique montre que le sème de «∞ ∞ ∞ continuité∞ ∞ ∞ » est central dans cette notion du «∞ ∞ ∞ corps personnel∞ ∞ ∞ ». Ce sens premier («∞ ∞ ∞ extension temporelle∞ ∞ ∞ ») est expliqué par la formation du mot, qui a des parallèles dans la morphologie dérivation-nelle∞ ∞ ∞ : un abstrait collectif, dérivé interne d'un substantif neutre en *-u-signifiant «∞ ∞ ∞ extension∞ ∞ ∞ ». Ce substantif est aussi la base de l'adjectif signifiant «∞ ∞ ∞ étendu, étiré∞ ∞ ∞ », d'où «∞ ∞ ∞ fin, mince∞ ∞ ∞ », formé par dérivation interne, mais avec une orientation sémantique différente.
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L'A. procede a la premiere edition d'une partie du manuscrit du Maitreyasamiti-Nātaka ecr... more L'A. procede a la premiere edition d'une partie du manuscrit du Maitreyasamiti-Nātaka ecrit en tokharien A et decouvert en Chine dans les annees 1970. Ce texte est un fragment du troisieme acte d'un drame tokharien; il contient un recit de la creation des nonnes par Bouddha. L'A. met en relation les affirmations du manuscrit avec la version turque de Hami et tente de savoir dans quelle mesure les textes s'accordent ou different. Selon la version turque, Bouddha a facilement admis l'entree en religion des femmes pieuses alors que les jeunes hommes Sākyan y etaient opposes
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Evidence and Counter-Evidence: Essays in Honour of Frederik Kortlandt, Volume 1, 2008
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Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris, 2000
RefDoc, THE reference in scientific document supply / Refdoc, la référence en fourniture de docum... more RefDoc, THE reference in scientific document supply / Refdoc, la référence en fourniture de documents scientifiques ...
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Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris, 2001
The paper discusses the uses of Vedic tanû- 'body, self' in Ancient Vedic. Either alone or in com... more The paper discusses the uses of Vedic tanû- 'body, self' in Ancient Vedic. Either alone or in combination with sva- 'own', it comes close to the value of a reflexive. Nonetheless, it did not become a full-fledged reflexive pronoun, because it was replaced by âtman-, originally 'breath, vital principle', and also by svayam, the pronoun based on the stem of the reflexive. In addition, the paper gives a new assessment of the etymology of the noun tanû- 'body', as 'extension'.
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Discussion de mots vediques et de passages du Rigveda qui attestent d'un usage du double sens... more Discussion de mots vediques et de passages du Rigveda qui attestent d'un usage du double sens, et du jeu entre differents rattachements etymologiques. Sont examinees plus particulierement les interactions entre les racines "ouvrir" et "briller, eclairer'. Etude de diverses designations alternatives de la nuit. Hypothese sur la modification en indo-aryen ancien du nom indo-europeen de la "porte".
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The Vedic noun amati-, feminine, has been generally understood as meaning 'image, form, appea... more The Vedic noun amati-, feminine, has been generally understood as meaning 'image, form, appearance' ; it is translated by 'emblem' in most of the occurrences in the Rigveda, according to the translation of Jamison and Brereton (2014). It is however deprived of any etymological analysis. In addition, the ancient Vedic cult did not resort to the image of gods. The paper reviews the whole evidence and shows that this noun can be understood everywhere as 'dwelling, home, mansion', actually of the gods, and especially of Savitar. This semantic definition allows an etymological connection with the Proto-Indo-European *nem- 'to allot, attribute', in that case a place for dwelling.
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Discussion of the suffixes which can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European *-ih2-. The one was no... more Discussion of the suffixes which can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European *-ih2-. The one was not specialized for feminine, it expressed appurtenance and was related to the formation of individualizing derivatives from collectives. The prehistory of the other one, which expresses possession, is connected with the prehistory of the expression of feminine gender.
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Description of the forms and distribution of the different types of agent nouns and of participle... more Description of the forms and distribution of the different types of agent nouns and of participles of Common Tocharian which feature a suffix going back to Proto-Indo-European *-nt- suffix. Analysis of the functions of the participles and agent nouns in both Tocharian languages (A and B).
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Zur lichten Heimat
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Tocharian and Indo-European Studies, 2015
Edition of the manuscript of the report of Werner Winter (1923-2010), delivered at the 24th Congr... more Edition of the manuscript of the report of Werner Winter (1923-2010), delivered at the 24th Congress of Orientalists held in Munich, 1957, which was hitherto known only by the shortened version published in the proceedings (1959). This gives an interesting survey of the patterns of Tocharian metrics and underlines the relevance of the tunes which were used in the performance of Tocharian texts.
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Papers by Georges-Jean Pinault
Special issue of the Bulletin d'Etudes Indiennes, n° 30 (2012)
The volume is available at the site of Book on Demand and soon at Amazon and in book-shops.
Lieu : Salle ATHENA, Maison de la Recherche de l’Université Sorbonne Nouvelle Paris 3, 4 Rue des Irlandais, 75005 Paris 5ème
The journal’s central topic is formed by the two closely related languages Tocharian A and B, attested in Central Asian Buddhist manuscripts dating from the second half of the first millennium AD. It focuses on philological and linguistic aspects of Tocharian, and its relation with the other Indo-European languages.
Founded by Jörundur Hilmarsson.
Edited by Birgit Anette Olsen (executive editor), Hannes Fellner, Michaël Peyrot, and Georges-Jean Pinault.