Formulas y Diagramas para Vigas
Formulas y Diagramas para Vigas
Formulas y Diagramas para Vigas
8
q⋅x
Mx = (L − x )
2
V
5 ⋅ q ⋅ L4
f max (en el centro) = Corte V
384 ⋅ E ⋅ I
q⋅x
fx = (L3 − 2 ⋅ L ⋅ x 2 + x 3 )
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I
Mmax
Momento
Viga Simplemente Apoyada – Carga Uniforme Parcialmente Distribuida
q⋅b
R 1 = V1 (max .cuando a < c) = ( 2 ⋅ c + b) L
2⋅L x
q⋅b a b c
R 2 = V2 (max .cuando a > c) = ( 2 ⋅ a + b) q
2⋅L
VX (cuandox > a y < (a + b)) = R 1 − q ( x − a )
R1 R2
R ⎛ R ⎞
M max ( para x = a + 1 ) = R 1 ⎜⎜ a + 1 ⎟⎟
q ⎝ 2⋅q⎠
M x (cuando x < a ) = R 1 ⋅ x
q
M x (cuando x > a y < (a + b)) = R 1 ⋅ x − (x − a ) 2 V1
2 V2
C o rte
M x (cuando x > (a + b)) = R 2 (L − x )
a + Rq1
M m ax
M o m e n to
M max ⎜⎜ para x = 1 ⎟⎟ = 1
⎝ q ⎠ 2⋅q
V1
q ⋅ x2
M x (cuando x < a ) = R 1 ⋅ x −
2
V2
M x (cuando x > a ) = R 2 (L − x ) Corte
R1
q
q⋅x
f x (cuando x < a) = (a 2 (2L − a)2 − 2a ⋅ x 2 (2L − a) + L ⋅ x3 )
24E ⋅ I ⋅ L
q ⋅ a 2 (L − x)
f x (cuando x > a) = (4x ⋅ L − 2x 2 − a 2 )
24E ⋅ I ⋅ L Mmax
Momento
Viga Simplemente Apoyada – Carga Uniforme Parcialmente Distribuida En Cada
Extremo
L
q1 ⋅ a (2 ⋅ L − a ) + q 2 ⋅ c 2
x
R 1 = V1 =
2⋅L a b c
q1
q ⋅ c( 2 ⋅ L − c) + q 1 ⋅ a 2
q2
R 2 = V2 = 2
2⋅L
Vx (cuando x < a ) = R 1 − q1 ⋅ x R1 R2
Vx (cuando x > a y < (a + b)) = R 1 − q1 ⋅ a
Vx (cuando x > (a + b)) = R 2 − q 2 (L − x )
R1 R 12
M max ( para x = cuando R 1 < q 1 ⋅ a ) =
q1 2 ⋅ q1 V1
2
R2 R2
M max ( para x = L − cuando R 2 < q 2 ⋅ c) = V2
q2 2 ⋅ q2 C o rte
R 1 /q 1
q1 ⋅ x 2
M x (cuando x < a ) = R 1 ⋅ x −
2
q1 ⋅ a
M x (cuando x > a y < (a + b)) = R1 ⋅ x − (2 ⋅ x − a )
2 M m ax
q (L − x ) 2
M x (cuando x > (a + b)) = R 2 (L − x ) − 2
2
M o m e n to
q⋅L x
En estas ecuaciones: W =
2
W q
R 1 = V1 =
3
R 1 R 2
2⋅W
R 2 = V2 = L
3
3
W W ⋅ x2
Vx = −
3 L2
⎛ L ⎞ 2⋅W⋅L V 1
M max ⎜ para x = ⎟=
⎝ 3⎠ 9⋅ 3 C o rte V 2
W⋅x 2
Mx = (L − x 2 )
3⋅ L2
⎛ 8 ⎞⎟ W ⋅ L3
f max ⎜ para x = L ⋅ 1 − = 0.01304
⎜ 15 ⎟⎠ E⋅I M m ax
⎝
W⋅x
fx = (3 ⋅ x 4 − 10 ⋅ L2 ⋅ x 2 + 7 ⋅ L4 )
180 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L2
M o m e n to
x q
q⋅L
En estas ecuaciones: W =
2
W
R=V=
2 R R
⎛ L⎞ W L /2 L /2
Vx ⎜ cuando x < ⎟ = (L2 − 4 ⋅ x 2 )
⎝ 2 ⎠ 2⋅L2
W⋅L
M max (en el centro) =
6 V
⎛ L⎞ ⎛ 1 2⋅ x2 ⎞
M x ⎜ cuando x < ⎟ = W ⋅ x ⎜⎜ − ⎟
2 ⎟ C o rte V
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 3 ⋅ L ⎠
W⋅L 3
f max (en el centro) =
60 ⋅ E ⋅ I
W⋅x
fx = (5 ⋅ L2 − 4 ⋅ x 2 ) 2 M m ax
480 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L2
M o m e n to
Mmax
Momento
Viga Simplemente Apoyada – Carga Concentrada En Cualquier Punto De La Viga
L
P⋅b
R 1 = V1 (max . cuando a < b) = x
L P
P⋅a
R 2 = V2 (max . cuando a > b) =
L
P ⋅a ⋅b
M max (en el punto de aplicacion de P ) = ` R1 R2
L
a b
P⋅b⋅x
M x (cuando x < a ) =
L
⎛ a (a + 2 b ) ⎞ P ⋅ a ⋅ b(a + 2b) 3a (a + 2b)
f max ⎜ en x = cuando a > b ⎟ =
⎜ 3 ⎟ 27E ⋅ I ⋅ L V1
⎝ ⎠
P⋅a ⋅b2 2
V2
f a (en el punto de aplicacion de P) =
3⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L C o rte
P⋅b⋅x
f x (cuando x < a ) = (L2 − b 2 − x 2 )
6⋅E⋅I⋅L
P ⋅ a (L − x )
f x (cuando x > a ) = (2 ⋅ L ⋅ x − x 2 − a 2 )
6⋅E⋅I⋅L M m ax
M o m e n to
UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN SIMON FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Y TECNOLOGIA
ESTRUCTURAS DE MADERA ANEXOS CAPÍTULO III
Corte V
Mmax
Momento
M2
M1
M o m e n to
x
P (L − a ) + P2 ⋅ b P1 P2
R 1 = V1 = 1
L
P ⋅ a + P2 (L − b)
R 2 = V2 = 1 R1 R2
L
V1 (cuando x > a y < (L − b)) = R 1 − P1 a b
M2
M1
M o m e n to
Viga En Voladizo – Carga Uniformemente Distribuida
L
R = V = q⋅L
x
Vx = q ⋅ x
q
q ⋅ L2
M max (en extremo empotrado) = R
2
q⋅x 2
Mx =
2
q ⋅ L4
f max (en extremo libre) =
8⋅ E ⋅ I
q
fx = ( x 4 − 4 ⋅ L3 ⋅ x + 3 ⋅ L4 ) V
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I C o rte
M m ax
M o m e n to
C o rte
M m ax
M o m e n to
R=V=P L
M max (en extremo empotrado) = P ⋅ b x
M x (cuando x > a ) = P( x − a ) P
P ⋅ b2 R
f max (en extremo libre) = (3 ⋅ L − b)
6⋅E⋅I
P ⋅ b3 a b
f a (en el punto de aplicacion de P) =
3⋅ E ⋅ I
P⋅b 2
f x (cuando x < a ) = (3 ⋅ L − 3 ⋅ x − b)
6⋅E⋅I
P ⋅ (L − x ) 2 V
f x (cuando x > a ) = (3 ⋅ b − L + x )
6⋅E⋅I C o rte
M m ax
M o m e n to
3⋅ q ⋅ L 5⋅q ⋅ L x
R 1 = V1 = ; R 2 = V2 =
8 8 q
Vx = R 1 − q ⋅ x
R2
q⋅L 2
R1
M max =
8
⎛ 3 ⎞ 9
M1 ⎜ en x = ⋅ L ⎟ = ⋅ q ⋅ L2
⎝ 8 ⎠ 128
V1
q ⋅ x2
M x = R1 ⋅ x −
2 V2
C o rte
⎛ L ⎞ q ⋅ L4
f max ⎜ en x = ⋅ (1 + 33 ⎟ =
⎝ 16 ⎠ 185 ⋅ E ⋅ I
( 3 /8 ) L
q⋅x
fx = (L3 − 3 ⋅ L ⋅ x 2 + 2 ⋅ x 3 ) L /4
48 ⋅ E ⋅ I M 1
M m ax
M o m e n to
x P
M 1 (En el punto de carga) = R 1 ⋅ a
P⋅a ⋅b R2
M2(En el extremo empotrado) = (a + L)
2 ⋅ L2 R1
M x (Cuando x < a) = R 1 ⋅ x a b
M x (Cuando x > a) = R 1 ⋅ x − P ⋅ (x − a)
L2 + a 2 P ⋅ a (L2 − a 2 ) 3 V
f max (Cuando a < 0.414 ⋅ L en x = L ⋅ )=
3 ⋅ L2 − a 2 3 ⋅ E ⋅ I (3 ⋅ L2 − a 2 ) 2
Corte V
a P ⋅ a ⋅ b2 a
f max (Cuando a > 0.414L en x = L ⋅ )= ⋅
2⋅L + a 6⋅E⋅I 2⋅L + a
P⋅a ⋅b
2 3
f a (En el punto de carga) = (3L + a)
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3 M1
P ⋅ b2 ⋅ x
f x (Cuando x < a) = (3aL2 − 2Lx 2 − ax 2 )
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3 Momento M2
P⋅a Pa
f x (Cuando x > a) = (L − x) 2 (3L2 x − a 2 x − 2a 2 L) R2
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3
q
R 1 = V1 = (L2 − a 2 ) ; R 2 = V2 + V3 = q (L + a) 2 L a
2⋅L 2⋅L x
x1
q q(L+a)
V3 = (L2 + a 2 ) : V2 = q ⋅ a
2⋅L
V x (Entre apoyos) = R 1 − q ⋅ x
R1 R2
Vx 1 (Para el volado) = q ⋅ (a − x 1 )
2
L a
2 (1 - L2 )
L ⎡ a2 ⎤ q
M 1 (En x = ⋅ ⎢1 − 2 ⎥ ) = 2 ⋅ (L + a) 2 ⋅ (L − a) 2
2 ⎣ L ⎦ 8L
q ⋅a2
M 2 (En R 2 ) = V1 V2
2
q⋅x 2 Corte V3
M x (Entre apoyos) = (L − a 2 − x ⋅ L)
2L
q
M x1 (Para el volado) = (a − x 1 ) 2
2
M1
q⋅x
f x (Entre apoyos) = (L4 − 2L2 x 2 + Lx 3 − 2a 2 L2 + 2a 2 x 2 ) Momento
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L M2
q ⋅ x1 L (1 -
a2
L2 )
f x 1 (Para el volado) = (4a 2 L − L3 + 6a 2 x 1 − 4ax 1 + x 1 )
2 3
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I
q ⋅a2 L a
R 1 = V1 =
2⋅L x1
x
q⋅a q·a
R 2 = V1 + V2 = (2 ⋅ L + a)
2⋅L
V2 = q ⋅ a
Vx 1 (Para el volado) = q ⋅ (a − x 1 ) R1 R2
q ⋅a2
M max (En R 2 ) =
2 V2
q ⋅a2 ⋅ x
M x (Entre apoyos) = V1
2L
q Corte
M x1 (Para el volado) = (a − x 1 ) 2
2
L q ⋅ a 2 ⋅ L2
f max (Entre apoyos en x = )=
3 18 3 ⋅ E ⋅ I
q ⋅ a3
f max (Para el volado en x 1 = a) = (4L + 3a) Mmáx
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I Momento
q ⋅a2 ⋅ x
f x (Entre apoyos) = (L2 − x 2 )
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L
q ⋅ x1
f x (Para el volado) = (4a 2 L + 6a 2 x 1 − 4ax 1 + x 1 )
2 3
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I
P⋅a P L a
R 1 = V1 = ; R 2 = V1 + V2 = (L + a)
L L x1 P
x
V2 = P
M max (En R 2 ) = P ⋅ a
R1 R2
P⋅a ⋅x
M x (Entre apoyos) =
L
V2
M x1 (Para el volado) = P(a − x 1 )
V1
L P ⋅ a ⋅ L2
f max (Entre apoyos en x = )=
3 9 3⋅E⋅I Corte
P ⋅a2
f max (Para el volado en x 1 = a) = (L + a)
3⋅ E ⋅ I
P⋅a ⋅x
f x (Entre apoyos) = (L2 − x 2 )
6⋅E⋅I⋅L Mmáx
P ⋅ x1 Momento
f x (Para el volado) = (2aL + 3ax 1 − x 1 )
2
6⋅E⋅I
UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN SIMON FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Y TECNOLOGIA
ESTRUCTURAS DE MADERA ANEXOS CAPÍTULO III
P⋅b
R 1 = V1 (max cuando a < b) = L
L
x P x1
P ⋅a
R 2 = V2 ( max cuando a > b) =
L
R1 R2
P⋅a ⋅b
M max (En el punto de carga) = a b
L
P⋅b⋅x
M x (Cuando x < a) = V1
L
a(a + 2b) Pab(a + 2b) ⋅ 3a ⋅ (a + 2b) V2
f max (En x = cuando a > b) = Corte
3 27 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L
P ⋅ a 2 ⋅ b2
f a (En el punto de carga) =
3⋅E ⋅ I⋅L
P⋅b⋅x Mmax
f x (Cuando x < a) = (L2 − b 2 − x 2 )
6⋅E⋅I⋅L
P ⋅ a ⋅ ( L − x) Momento
f x (Cuando x > a) = (2 ⋅ L ⋅ x − x 2 − a 2 )
6⋅E⋅I⋅L
P ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ x1
f x1 = (L + a)
6⋅E⋅I⋅L
q⋅L q⋅L
R1 = (L − 2c) ; R 2 = (L - 2a) L
2⋅b 2⋅b
q·L
V1 = q ⋅ a ; V2 = R 1 − V1
V3 = R 2 − V4 : V4 = q ⋅ c
Vx (Cuando x < L) = R 1 − q(a + x 1 ) R1 R2
a b c
Vx 1 (Para el volado) = V1 - q ⋅ x 1
Vm (Cuando a < c) = R 2 - q ⋅ c
V2 V4
q ⋅a 2 q ⋅ c2
M1 = - ; M2 = − V1
2 2 Corte V3
⎛R ⎞
M 3 = R 1 ⎜⎜ 1 − a ⎟⎟
⎝ 2q ⎠ x
R q(a + x) 2 x1
M x (max cuando x = 1 - a) = R 1 ⋅ x − M1
q 2 Mx1
M1 Momento
M2
q⋅L
R=V= L
2 x
⎛L ⎞
Vx = q ⋅ ⎜ − x ⎟ q
⎝2 ⎠
q ⋅ L2 R R
M max (en los extremos) =
12
q⋅L 2
M1 (Al centro) = L
2
L
2
24
Mx =
q
12
(
6Lx − L2 − 6x 2 ) V
q ⋅ L4
fmax(Al centro) = Corte V
384 ⋅ E ⋅ I
q⋅x 2
fx = (L − x) 2 0.2113L
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I
M1
Momento Mmax
P
R=V= L
2
P⋅L x P
M max (Al centro y en los extremos) =
8
R R
) = (4x − L )
L P
M x (Cuando x <
2 8
P ⋅ L3
fmax(Al centro) = L
2
L
2
192 ⋅ E ⋅ I
L P ⋅ x2
f x (Cuando x < ) = (3L − 4x)
2 48 ⋅ E ⋅ I V
V
Corte
L
4
Mmax
Momento Mmax
P ⋅ b2
R 1 = V1 (max cuando a < b) = (3a + b)
L3 L
P ⋅ a2
R 2 = V2 (max cuando a > b) = 3 (a + 3b) x P
L
P ⋅ a ⋅ b2 R R
M1 (max cuando a < b) =
L2
P ⋅ a2 ⋅ b
M 2 (max cuando a > b) = a b
L2
2 ⋅ P ⋅ a 2 ⋅ b2
M a (En el punto de carga) =
L3 V1
P ⋅ a ⋅ b2 V2
M x (Cuando x < a) = R1 ⋅ x − Corte
L2
2⋅a ⋅L 2Pa 3 b 2
f max (Cuando a > b en x = )=
3a + b 3 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ (3a + b) 2
P ⋅ a 3 ⋅ b3 Ma
f a (En el punto de carga) = M2
3 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3 M1 Momento
P ⋅ b ⋅ x2
2
f x (Cuando x < a) = (3aL − 3ax − bx)
6 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3
L L
13 2 2
R 1 = V1 = ⋅P P
32
11
R 2 = V2 + V3 = ⋅ P
16 R1 R2 R3
3
R 3 = V3 = − ⋅ P L L
32
19
V2 = ⋅P
32
V1
13 V3
Mmax(En el punto de carga) = ⋅P⋅L V2 Corte
64
3
M1 (En el apoyo R 2 ) = ⋅P⋅L
32
Mmax
Momento M1
P⋅b a b
R 1 = V1 = (4L2 − a(L + a))
4⋅L 3
P
P⋅a
R 2 = V2 + V3 = (2L2 − b(L + a))
2 ⋅ L3
P⋅a ⋅b R1 R2 R3
R 3 = V3 = − (L + a)
4 ⋅ L3 L L
P⋅a
V2 = (4L2 + b(L + a))
4⋅L 3
P⋅a ⋅b V1
V3
Mmax(En el punto de carga) = (4L2 − a ⋅ (L + a))
4⋅L 3 V2 Corte
P⋅a ⋅b
M1 (En el apoyo R 2 ) = (L + a)
4 ⋅ L2
Mmax
Momento M1
3 q·L q·L
R 1 = V1 = R 3 = V3 = ⋅ q ⋅ L
8
10
R2 = ⋅ q ⋅ L
8 R1 R2 R3
5
V2 = Vmax = ⋅ q ⋅ L L L
8
q⋅L 2
M1 =
8
V1 V2
3L 9⋅q⋅L2
Corte V2 v3
M 2 ( En )=
8 128
q ⋅ L4
f max (En 0.46L, desde R1 y R3) =
185 ⋅ E ⋅ I
M2
Momento
M1
Viga Continua – Dos Tramos Iguales – Dos Cargas Puntuales Situadas Al Centro De
Cada Tramo
P P
5
R 1 = V1 = R 3 = V3 = ⋅P
16
11 R1 R2 R3
R 2 = 2 ⋅ V2 = ⋅P
8 a a a a
11
V2 = P − R1 = ⋅ P
16
Vmax = V2 V2
V1
3⋅ P ⋅ L V3
M1 = − V2
16
Corte
5⋅P ⋅L
M2 =
32
M x (Cuando x < a) = R 1 ⋅ x M2
Momento M1
M1 q ⋅ L1
R1 = +
L1 2 q·L1 q·L2
R 2 = q ⋅ L1 + q ⋅ L 2 − R 1 − R 3
M q ⋅ L2 R1 R2 R3
R 3 = V4 = 1 +
L2 2 L1 L2
V1 = R 1
V2 = q ⋅ L1 − R 1
V3 = q ⋅ L 2 − R 3
V1 V3
V4 = R 3 V4
Corte V2
q ⋅ L2 + q ⋅ L
3 3
M1 = − 1
8(L1 + L 2 )
x1 x2
q ⋅ x1
2
R1
M x1 (Cuando x1 = ) = R 1 ⋅ x1 − Mx1 Mx2
q 2
R3 q ⋅ x2
2
Momento M1
M x 2 (Cuando x 2 = ) = R3 ⋅ x2 −
q 2
M1 P1 P P
R1 = +
L1 2
R 2 = P1 + P2 − R 1 − R 3 R1 R2 R3
M P a a b b
R3 = 1 + 2
L2 2
V1 = R 1
V2 = P1 − R 1 V1
V3
V3 = P2 − R 3 V2 V4
V4 = R 3 Corte
3 ⎛ P1 ⋅ L1 + P2 ⋅ L 2 ⎞
2 2
M1 = − ⎜ ⎟
16 ⎜⎝ L1 + L 2 ⎟
⎠ Mm2
Mm1
M m1 = R 1 ⋅ a
Momento M1
M m2 = R 3 ⋅ b