Analisis Numerico. Unidad Vi
Analisis Numerico. Unidad Vi
Analisis Numerico. Unidad Vi
Solución de ecuaciones
no lineales.
6.1. Sistemas de ecuaciones no lineales.
Sea el sistema No Lineal.
𝑓1 (𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 , ⋯ , 𝑥𝑛 ) = 0
𝑓2 (𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 , ⋯ , 𝑥𝑛 ) = 0
𝑓3 (𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 , ⋯ , 𝑥𝑛 ) = 0
⋮
𝑓𝑛 (𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 , ⋯ , 𝑥𝑛 ) = 0
Este tipo de sistemas de ecuaciones se pueden resolver por los métodos iterativos de Jacobi y
Gauss-Seidel.
𝑥12 − 𝑥22 = 4
−𝑥1
𝑒 + 𝑥1 𝑥2 = 1
Se despejan las 𝑥𝑖 :
2
𝑥1𝑘+1 = √4 + (𝑥2𝑘 )
𝑘+1
1 − 𝑒 −𝑥1
𝑥2𝑘+1 =
𝑥1𝑘+1
1
|𝑥11 − 𝑥10 | + |𝑥21 − 𝑥20 | + |𝑥31 − 𝑥30 | ≤ 𝐸𝑝
3.492 ≤ 𝐸𝑝 𝑁𝑂
1 1
𝑥12 = (14 − 3𝑥21 − 𝑥31 ) = (14 − 3(0.86) − (1.232)) = 1.0188
10 10
1 1
𝑥22 = (10 − 𝑥12 + 𝑥31 ) = (10 − (1.0188) + (1.232)) = 1.02132
10 10
1 1
𝑥32 = (12 − 𝑥12 + 2𝑥22 ) = (12 − (1.0188) + 2(1.02132)) = 1.302384
10 10
0.612904 ≤ 𝐸𝑝 𝑁𝑂
1 1
𝑥13 = (14 − 3𝑥22 − 𝑥32 ) = (14 − 3(1.02132) − (1.302384)) = 0.9633656
10 10
1 1
𝑥23 = (10 − 𝑥13 + 𝑥32 ) = (10 − (0.9633656) + (1.302384)) = 1.03390184
10 10
1 1
𝑥33 = (12 − 𝑥13 + 2𝑥23 ) = (12 − (0.9633656) + 2(1.03390184)) = 1.31044381
10 10
0.07607605 ≤ 𝐸𝑝 𝑁𝑂
2
1 1
𝑥14 = (14 − 3𝑥23 − 𝑥33 ) = (14 − 3(1.03390184) − (1.31044381)) = 0.95878507
10 10
1 1
𝑥24 = (10 − 𝑥14 + 𝑥33 ) = (10 − (0.95878507) + (1.31044381)) = 1.03516587
10 10
1 1
𝑥34 = (12 − 𝑥14 + 2𝑥24 ) = (12 − (0.95878507) + 2(1.03516587)) = 1.31044381
10 10
0.00655543 ≤ 𝐸𝑝 𝑁𝑂
1 1
𝑥15 = (14 − 3𝑥24 − 𝑥34 ) = (14 − 3(1.03516587) − (1.31044381)) = 0.95833477
10 10
1 1
𝑥25 = (10 − 𝑥15 + 𝑥34 ) = (10 − (0.95833477) + (1.31044381)) = 1.03528199
10 10
1 1
𝑥35 = (12 − 𝑥15 + 2𝑥25 ) = (12 − (0.95833477) + 2(1.03528199)) = 1.31122292
10 10
0.00063466 ≤ 𝐸𝑝 𝑆𝐼
𝑥1 = 0.95833477
𝑥2 = 1.03528199
𝑥3 = 1.31122292
k x1 x2 Er Er <= Ep
x0 0 0 0
1 2 0.43233236 2.43233236 NO
2 2.04619434 0.42555794 0.05296876 NO
3
3 2.04477372 0.42576375 0.00162643 NO
4 2.04481656 0.42575754 0.00004905 SI
4
5
6
6.3. Aplicaciones a la ingeniería
7
8
9