WEIBULL DATABASE

Item Beta Values Eta Values 1,000,000

(weibull shape factor) (weibull characteristic life-hours)
Low Typical High Low λ Typical High
λ Mínimo Promedio
My engineering judgment does not support the
MTBF MTBF
range of a few values shown in published Rata/10^6
(horas/falla) (horas/falla)
Components databases
Ball bearing 0.7 1.3 3.5 14,000 71 40,000 250,000 4.0 17,722 56 36,943
Roller bearing 0.7 1.3 3.5 9,000 111 50,000 125,000 8.0 11,392 88 46,179
Sleeve bearing 0.7 1 3 10,000 100 50,000 143,000 7.0 12,658 79 50,000
Belts, drive 0.5 1.2 2.8 9,000 111 30,000 91,000 11.0 18,000 56 28,220
Bellows, hydraulic 0.5 1.3 3 14,000 71 50,000 100,000 10.0 28,000 36 46,179
Bolts 0.5 3 10 125,000 8 300,000 100,000,000 0.0 250,000 4 267,894
Clutches, friction 0.5 1.4 3 67,000 15 100,000 500,000 2.0 134,000 7 91,142
Clutches, magnetic 0.8 1 1.6 100,000 10 150,000 333,000 3.0 113,300 9 150,000
Couplings 0.8 2 6 25,000 40 75,000 333,000 3.0 28,325 35 66,467
Couplings gear 0.8 2.5 4 25,000 40 75,000 1,250,000 0.8 28,325 35 66,545
Cylinders, hydraulics 1 2 3.8 9,000,000 0 900,000 200,000,000 0.0 9,000,000 0 797,604
Diaphragm, metal 0.5 3 6 50,000 20 65,000 500,000 2.0 100,000 10 58,044
Diaphragm, rubber 0.5 1.1 1.4 50,000 20 60,000 300,000 3.3 100,000 10 57,895
Gaskets, hydraulics 0.5 1.1 1.4 700,000 1 75,000 3,300,000 0.3 1,400,000 1 72,368
Filter, oil 0.5 1.1 1.4 20,000 50 25,000 125,000 8.0 40,000 25 24,123
Gears 0.5 2 6 33,000 30 75,000 500,000 2.0 66,000 15 66,467
Impellers, pumps 0.5 2.5 6 125,000 8 150,000 1,400,000 0.7 250,000 4 133,090
Joints, mechanical 0.5 1.2 6 1,400,000 1 150,000 10,000,000 0.1 2,800,000 0 141,098
Knife edges, fulcrum 0.5 1 6 1,700,000 1 2,000,000 16,700,000 0.1 3,400,000 0 2,000,000
Liner, recip. Comp. Cyl 0.5 1.8 3 20,000 50 50,000 300,000 3.3 40,000 25 44,464
Nuts 0.5 1.1 1.4 14,000 71 50,000 500,000 2.0 28,000 36 48,246
"O"-rings, elastomeric 0.5 1.1 1.4 5,000 200 20,000 33,000 30.3 10,000 100 19,298
Packings, recip. Com. Rod 0.5 1.1 1.4 5,000 200 20,000 33,000 30.3 10,000 100 19,298
Pins 0.5 1.4 5 17,000 59 50,000 170,000 5.9 34,000 29 45,571
Pivots 0.5 1.4 5 300,000 3 400,000 1,400,000 0.7 600,000 2 364,569
Pistons, engines 0.5 1.4 3 20,000 50 75,000 170,000 5.9 40,000 25 68,357
Pums,lubricators 0.5 1.1 1.4 13,000 77 50,000 125,000 8.0 26,000 38 48,246
Seals, mechanical 0.8 1.4 4 3,000 333 25,000 50,000 20.0 3,399 294 22,786
Shafts, cent. Pumps 0.8 1.2 3 50,000 20 50,000 300,000 3.3 56,650 18 47,033
Springs 0.5 1.1 3 14,000 71 25,000 5,000,000 0.2 28,000 36 24,123
Vibration mounts 0.5 1.1 2.2 17,000 59 50,000 200,000 5.0 34,000 29 48,246
Wear rings, cent. Pumps 0.5 1.1 4 10,000 100 50,000 90,000 11.1 20,000 50 48,246
Valves, recip comp 0.5 1.4 4 3,000 333 40,000 800,000 1.3 6,000 167 36,457

Machinery Equipment
Circuit breakers 0.5 1.5 3 67,000 15 100,000 1,400,000 0.7 134,000 7 90,275
Compressors, centrifugal 0.5 1.9 3 20,000 50 60,000 120,000 8.3 40,000 25 53,242
Compressor blades 0.5 2.5 3 400,000 3 800,000 1,500,000 0.7 800,000 1 709,811
Compressor vanes 0.5 3 4 500,000 2 1,000,000 2,000,000 0.5 1,000,000 1 892,980
Diaphgram couplings 0.5 2 4 125,000 8 300,000 600,000 1.7 250,000 4 265,868

693419689.xlsx Página 1
 WEIBULL DATABASE
Item Beta Values Eta Values 1,000,000
(weibull shape factor) (weibull characteristic life-hours)
Low Typical High Low λ Typical High
λ Mínimo Promedio
My engineering judgment does not support the
MTBF MTBF
range of a few values shown in published Rata/10^6
(horas/falla) (horas/falla)
Components databases
Gas turb. comp. blades/vanes 1.2 2.5 6.6 10,000 100 250,000 300,000 3.3 9,407 106 221,816
Gas turb. blades/vanes 0.9 1.6 2.7 10,000 100 125,000 160,000 6.3 10,522 95 112,072
Motors, AC 0.5 1.2 3 1,000 1,000 100,000 200,000 5.0 2,000 500 94,066
Motors, Dc 0.5 1.2 3 100 10,000 50,000 100,000 10.0 200 5,000 47,033
Pumps, centrifugal 0.5 1.2 3 1,000 1,000 35,000 125,000 8.0 2,000 500 32,923
Steam turbines 0.5 1.7 3 11,000 91 65,000 170,000 5.9 22,000 45 57,996
Steam turbine blades 0.5 2.5 3 400,000 3 800,000 1,500,000 0.7 800,000 1 709,811
Steam turbine vanes 0.5 3 3 500,000 2 900,000 1,800,000 0.6 1,000,000 1 803,682
Transformers 0.5 1.1 3 14,000 71 200,000 14,200,000 0.1 28,000 36 192,982

Instrumentation
Controllers, pneumatic 0.5 1.1 2 1,000 1,000 25,000 1,000,000 1.0 2,000 500 24,123
Controllers, solid state 0.5 0.7 1.1 20,000 50 100,000 200,000 5.0 40,000 25 126,582
Control valves 0.5 1 2 14,000 71 100,000 333,000 3.0 28,000 36 100,000
Motorized valves 0.5 1.1 3 17,000 59 25,000 1,000,000 1.0 34,000 29 24,123
Solenoid valves 0.5 1.1 3 50,000 20 75,000 1,000,000 1.0 100,000 10 72,368
Trasducers 0.5 1 3 11,000 91 20,000 90,000 11.1 22,000 45 20,000
Transmitters 0.5 1 2 100,000 10 150,000 1,100,000 0.9 200,000 5 150,000
Temperature indicators 0.5 1 2 140,000 7 150,000 3,300,000 0.3 280,000 4 150,000
Pressure indicators 0.5 1.2 3 110,000 9 125,000 3,300,000 0.3 220,000 5 117,582
Flow instrumentation 0.5 1 3 100,000 10 125,000 10,000,000 0.1 200,000 5 125,000
Level instrumentation 0.5 1 3 14,000 71 25,000 500,000 2.0 28,000 36 25,000
Electro-mechanical parts 0.5 1 3 13,000 77 25,000 1,000,000 1.0 26,000 38 25,000

Static Equipment
Boilers, condensers 0.5 1.2 3 11,000 91 50,000 3,300,000 0.3 22,000 45 47,033
Pressure vessels 0.5 1.5 6 1,250,000 1 2,000,000 33,000,000 0.0 2,500,000 0 1,805,491
Filters, strainers 0.5 1 3 5,000,000 0 5,000,000 200,000,000 0.0 10,000,000 0 5,000,000
Check valves 0.5 1 3 100,000 10 100,000 1,250,000 0.8 200,000 5 100,000
Relief valves 0.5 1 3 100,000 10 100,000 1,000,000 1.0 200,000 5 100,000

Service Liquids
Coolants 0.5 1.1 2 11,000 91 15,000 33,000 30.3 22,000 45 14,474
Lubricants, screw compr 0.5 1.1 3 11,000 91 15,000 40,000 25.0 22,000 45 14,474
Lube oils, mineral 0.5 1.1 3 3,000 333 10,000 25,000 40.0 6,000 167 9,649
Lube oils, synthetic 0.5 1.1 3 33,000 30 50,000 250,000 4.0 66,000 15 48,246
Greases 0.5 1.1 3 7,000 143 10,000 33,000 30.3 14,000 71 9,649

693419689.xlsx Página 2
IBULL DATABASE
Promedio

Rata/10^6

27
22
20
35
22
4
11
7
15
15
1
17
17
14
41
15
8
7
1
22
21
52
52
22
3
15
21
44
21
41
21
21
27

11
19
1
1
4

693419689.xlsx Página 3
IBULL DATABASE
Promedio

Rata/10^6

5
9
11
21
30
17
1
1
5

41
8
10
41
14
50
7
7
9
8
40
40

21
1
0
10
10

69
69
104
21
104

693419689.xlsx Página 4
 Básica información de ratas de falla
www.roymech.co.uk/useful Tables Nota: 10^6 h = 114 y
Rata de Falla = Fr *C1*C2*C3
Failure Rate = MTBF
Mechanical item
Fr / 10^6 hours años / Falla
Ball Bearing Heavy Duty 20 5.7
Ball Bearing Light Duty 10 11.4
Ball Valves , 0.5 228.3
Bellows 5 22.8
Belt Drives 40 2.9
Bolts , 0.02 5707.8
Bourdan Tubes Creep , 0.2 570.8
Bourdan Tubes Leakage , 0.05 2283.1
Calibration Springs Breaking . 0.2 570.8
Calibration Springs Creep 2 57.1
Control Valves 30 3.8
Couplings 5 22.8
Cylinders , 0.1 1141.6
Diaphragms Metal 5 22.8
Diaphragms Rubber 8 14.3
Ducts 1 114.2
Filters Blockage 1 114.2
Filters Leakage 1 114.2
Fixed Orifices 1 114.2
Friction Clutches 3 38.1
Gaskets , 0.5 228.3
Grub Screws , 0.5 228.3
Hair Springs 1 114.2
Hand Operated Valves 15 7.6
Helical Gears 1 114.2
Hoses Heavily stressed 40 2.9
Hoses Lightly stressed 4 28.5
Jacks , 0.5 228.3
Journal Bearing 5 22.8
Knife Edge fulcrums 10 11.4
Magnetic Clutches 6 19.0
Mechanical Joints , 0.2 570.8
Nozzle/Flapper assembles Blockage 6 19.0
Nozzle/Flapper assembles Breaking 0.2 570.8
Nuts , 0.02 5707.8
O Ring Seals , 0.2 570.8
Pins 15 7.6
Pipe Joints , 0.2 570.8
Pipes , 5 22.8
Pistons 1 114.2
Pivots 1 114.2
Pressure Gauges 10 11.4
Pressure Switches 15 7.6
Pressure Vessels General 3 38.1
Pressure Vessels High Standard , 0.3 380.5
Rack and Pinion Assemblies 2 57.1
Relief Valves Blockage , 0.5 228.3
Relief Valves Leakage 2 57.1
 Básica información de ratas de falla
www.roymech.co.uk/useful Tables Nota: 10^6 h = 114 y
Rata de Falla = Fr *C1*C2*C3
Failure Rate = MTBF
Mechanical item
Fr / 10^6 hours años / Falla
Restriction 5 22.8
Roller bearing 5 22.8
Rotating Seals 7 16.3
Shaft Lightly Stressed . 0.02 5707.8
Shafts Highly Stressed . 0.2 570.8
Sliding Seals 3 38.1
Solenoid Valves 30 3.8
Springs Highly Stressed 1 114.2
Springs Lightly Stressed . 0.2 570.8
Spur Gears 10 11.4
Unions and Junctions , 0.4 285.4
Variable Orifices 5 22.8
Vibrations Mounts 9 12.7

Temperatu
Rating % of re
Environment Factor C1 C2 C3
Normal (Degrees
C)
Ideal Static 0.1 140 4 0 1
Vibrations Free 0.5 120 2 20 1
Ground based 1 100 1 40 1.3
Ship 2 80 0.5 60 2
Road 3 60 0.3 80 4
Rail 4 40 0.2 100 10
Aircraft 10 20 0.1 120 30
 Failure Rate Data of Mechanical Components
Failure Rate
MTBF
Component 1x10^6 perating Año / Falla
Hours
Bearings (Summary) 2.9151 39.16
Ball (Summary) 1.6445 69.42
Roller (Summary) 2.8201 40.48
Sleeve (Summary) 2.3811 47.94
Couplings, Shaft (Summary) 1.0038 113.72
Flexible 1.4054 81.23
Rigid 2.6347 43.33
Shafts (Summary) 0.9298 122.77
Gear Box (Summary) 8.7082 13.11
Reducer, Worm 5.0000 22.83
Reducer, Spiral Bevel 5.0000 22.83
Gear Train (Summary) 3.4382 33.20
Gear, Spur 3.2232 35.42
Gear, Helical 2.6008 43.89
Gear, Worm 3.8258 29.84
Gear, Bevel 1.4722 77.54
Gear, Rack 1.7562 65.00
Brake, Assembly 2.1000 54.36
Brake, Electromechanical 0.6383 178.84
Hydraulic Cylinder 0.0080 14269.41
Valves
Ball (Summary) 0.2286 499.37
Butterfly (Summary) 0.2900 393.64
Check (Summary) 0.0773 1476.78
Gate (Summary) 0.0478 2388.19
Globe (Summary) 0.1439 793.30
Hydraulic (Summary) 8.8292 12.93
Ball 2.3841 47.88
Bellows Diaphragm 4.8953 23.32
Check 5.3725 21.25
Control 7.7196 14.79
Relief 0.9201 124.07
Solenoid 5.0590 22.56
Seal (Summary) 5.4715 20.86
Packing 3.5308 32.33
O-ring 4.6511 24.54
Gaskets (Summary) 0.0195 5854.12
Springs (Summary) 0.6134 186.10
Pump
Hydraulic (Summary) 6.9604 16.40
Centrifugal 0.4022 283.83
Fixed Displacement 1.4641 77.97
Positive Displacement 9.5620 11.94
Motor Driven 2.9870 38.22
Variable Delivery 4.0498 28.19
Centrifugal 1.1732 97.30
Piping (Summary) 0.4734 241.14

Failure rates are from Reliability Analysis Center (1995). The data including the
summary data represent combined failure rate data, which is a weighted merger
of several failure rates
 Failure rate in Failure rate in
MTBF MTBF
failures per failures per
Component million hours
Años / Falla
million hours
Años / Falla
Min Max
Accelerometer 10 11.4 30 3.8
Air Compressor 70 1.6 250 0.5
Air Supply (Instrument) 5 22.8 10 11.4
Alarm Bell 2 57.1 10 11.4
Alarm Circuit (Simple) 4 28.5
(Panel) 45 2.5
Alarm Siren 1 114.2 20 5.7
Alternator 1 114.2 9 12.7
Analyser – CO2 100 1.1 500 0.2
– Conductivity 500 0.2 2000 0.1
– Dewpoint 100 1.1 200 0.6
– Geiger 15 7.6
– Hydrogen 400 0.3 100 1.1
– Oxygen 50 2.3 200 0.6
– pH 650 0.2
– Scintillation 20 5.7
– Bourdon/Geiger 5 22.8
– HS 100 1.1 200 0.6
Antenna 1 114.2 5 22.8
Attenuator 0.01 11415.5
Battery – Lead-Acid 0.5 228.3 3 38.1
– Ni-Cd/Ag-Zn 0.2 570.8 3 38.1
– Lead-Acid (vehicle) per million miles 30 3.8
– Dry primary 1 114.2 30 3.8
Battery charger
– Simple rectifier 2 57.1
– Stabilized/float 10 11.4
– Motor generator 100 1.1
Battery Lead 3 38.1
Bearings – Ball, light 0.1 1141.6 10 11.4
– Ball, heavy 2 57.1 20 5.7
– Roller 0.3 380.5 5 22.8
– Sleeve 0.5 228.3 5 22.8
– Jewel 0.4 285.4
– Brush 0.5 228.3
– Bush 0.95 120.2 0.4 285.4
Bellows, simple expandable 2 57.1 10 11.4
Belts 4 28.5 50 2.3
Busbars 11 kV 0.02 5707.8 0.2 570.8
– 3.3 kV 0.05 2283.1 2 57.1
– 415 V 0.6 190.3 2 57.1
Cable (Power) per km
– Overhead < 600 V 0.5 228.3
600 - 15 kV 5 22.8 15 7.6
> 33 kV 3 38.1 7 16.3
– Underground < 600 V 2 57.1
600 - 15 kV 2 57.1
– Subsea 2.5 45.7
Capacitors

Página 8 de 693419689.xlsx
 Failure rate in Failure rate in
MTBF MTBF
failures per failures per
Component million hours
Años / Falla
million hours
Años / Falla
Min Max
– Paper 0.001 114155.3 0.15 761.0
– Plastic 0.001 114155.3 0.05 2283.1
– Mica 0.002 57077.6 0.1 1141.6
– Glass 0.002 57077.6
– Ceramic 0.0005 228310.5
– Tant sol 0.005 22831.1
– Tant non-sol 0.001 114155.3 0.1 1141.6
– Alumin (gen) 0.3 380.5
– Variable 0.005 22831.1 2 57.1
Card Reader 150 0.8 4000 0.0
Circuit Breaker
– < 600 V or A 0.5 228.3 1.5 76.1
– > 3 kV 0.5 228.3 2 57.1
– > 100 kV 3 38.1 10 11.4
Clutch – Friction 0.5 228.3 3 38.1
– Magnetic 2 57.1 6 19.0
Compressor
– Centrifugal, turbine driven 150 0.8
– Reciprocating turbine driven 500 0.2
– Electric motor driven 100 1.1 300 0.4
Computer
– Mainframe 4000 0.0 8000 0.0
– Mini 100 1.1 500 0.2
– Micro (CPU) 30 3.8 100 1.1
– PLC 20 5.7 50 2.3
Connections
– Hand solder 0.0002 570776.3 0.003 38051.8
– Flow solder 0.0003 380517.5 0.001 114155.3
– Weld 0.002 57077.6
– Wrapped 0.00003 3805175.0 0.001 114155.3
– Crimped 0.0003 380517.5 0.007 16307.9
– Power cable 0.05 2283.1 0.4 285.4
– Plate th hl 0.0003 380517.5
Connectors
– Coaxial 0.02 5707.8 0.2 570.8
– PCB 0.0003 380517.5 0.1 1141.6
– pin 0.001 114155.3 0.1 1141.6
– rf 0.05 2283.1
– pneumatic 1 114.2
– DIL 0.001 114155.3
Counter (mech) 0.2 570.8 2 57.1
Crystal, Quartz 0.02 5707.8 0.2 570.8
Detectors
– Gas, pellistor 3.8 30.0
– Smoke, ionization 2.6 43.9
– Ultra-violet 5 22.8 15 7.6
– Rate of rise (temp) 3 38.1 9 12.7
– Temperature level 0.2 570.8 2.8 40.8
– Fire, Wire/rod 10 11.4

Página 9 de 693419689.xlsx
 Failure rate in Failure rate in
MTBF MTBF
failures per failures per
Component million hours
Años / Falla
million hours
Años / Falla
Min Max
Diesel Engine 300 0.4 6000 0.0
Diesel Generator ( start) 125 0.9 4000 0.0
Diodes – Si, high power 0.1 1141.6 0.2 570.8
– Si, low power 0.01 11415.5 0.1 1141.6
– Zener 0.005 22831.1 0.1 1141.6
– Varactor 0.06 1902.6 0.3 380.5
– SCR (Thyristor) 0.01 11415.5 0.5 228.3
Disk Memory 100 1.1 2000 0.1
Electricity Supply 100 1.1
Electropneumatic Converter (I/P) 2 57.1 4 28.5
Fan 2 57.1 50 2.3
Fibre Optics
– Connector 0.1 1141.6
– Cable/km 0.1 1141.6
– LED 0.2 570.8 0.5 228.3
– Laser 0.3 380.5 0.5 228.3
– Si Avalanche photodiode 0.2 570.8
– Pin Avalanche photodiode 0.02 5707.8
– Optocoupler 0.02 5707.8 0.1 1141.6
Filter (Blocked) 0.5 228.3 10 11.4
(Leak) 0.5 228.3 10 11.4
Fire Sprinkler (spurious) probability of 0.05 2283.1 0.02 5707.8
non-operation
Fire Water Pump System 150 0.8 800 0.1
Flow Instruments
– Transmitter 1 114.2 20 5.7
– Controller 25 4.6 50 2.3
– DP sensor 80 1.4 200 0.6
– Switch 4 28.5 40 2.9
– Rotary meter 5 22.8 15 7.6
Fuse (Mobile - ) 0.02 5707.8 0.5 228.3
Gaskets 0.05 2283.1 3 38.1
Gear – per mesh 0.05 2283.1 1 114.2
– Assembly Proportional to size 10 11.4 50 2.3
Generator
– ac 3 38.1 30 3.8
– dc 1 114.2 10 11.4
– Turbine set 10 11.4 800 0.1
– Motor set 30 3.8 70 1.6
– Diesel set (Standby - ) 125 0.9 4000 0.03
Hydraulic Equipment
– Accumulator/damper 20 5.7 200 0.6
– Actuator 15 7.6
– Piston 1 114.2
– Motor 5 22.8
Inductor (lf, rf) 0.2 570.8 0.5 228.3
Joints – Pipe 0.5 228.3
– O ring 0.2 570.8
Lamps – Filament 0.05 2283.1 10 11.4

Página 10 de 693419689.xlsx
 Failure rate in Failure rate in
MTBF MTBF
failures per failures per
Component million hours
Años / Falla
million hours
Años / Falla
Min Max
– Neon 0.1 1141.6 1 114.2
LCD (per character) 0.05 2283.1
(per device) 2.5 45.7
LED – Indicator 0.06 1902.6 0.3 380.5
– Numeral (per char) 0.01 11415.5 0.1 1141.6
Level Instruments
– Switch 2 57.1 20 5.7
– Controller 4 28.5 20 5.7
– Transmitter 10 11.4 20 5.7
– Indicator 1 114.2 10 11.4
Lines (Communications)
– Speech channel, land 100 1.1 250 0.5
– Coaxial/km 1.5 76.1
– Subsea/km 2.4 47.6
Load Cell 100 1.1 400 0.3
Loudspeaker 10 11.4
Magnetic Tape Unit, incl drive 200 0.6 500 0.2
Meter (Moving Coil) 1 114.2 5 22.8
Microwave Equipment
– Fixed element 0.01 11415.5
– Tuned element 0.1 1141.6
– Detector/mixer 0.2 570.8
– Waveguide, fixed 1 114.2
– Waveguide, flexible 2.5 45.7
Motor (Electrical)
– ac 1 114.2 20 5.7
– dc 5 22.8 15 7.6
– Starter 4 28.5 10 11.4
Optodevices See Fibre Optics
Photoelectric Cell 15 7.6
Pneumatic Equipment
– Connector 1.5 76.1
– Controller Open or short 1 114.2 2 57.1
– Controller Degraded 10 11.4 20 5.7
– I/P converter 2 57.1 10 11.4
– Pressure relay 20 5.7
Power Supply
– dc/dc converter 2 57.1 20 5.7
– ac/dc stabilized If possible carry 5 22.8 100 1.1
out FMEA
Pressure Instruments
– Switch 1 114.2 40 2.9
– Sensor 2 57.1 10 11.4
– Indicator 1 114.2 10 11.4
– Controller 1 114.2 30 3.8
– Transmitter (P/I) (I/P) 5 22.8 20 5.7
Printed Circuit Boards
– Single sided 0.02 5707.8
– Double (plated through) 0.01 11415.5 0.3 380.5

Página 11 de 693419689.xlsx
 Failure rate in Failure rate in
MTBF MTBF
failures per failures per
Component million hours
Años / Falla
million hours
Años / Falla
Min Max
– Multilayer 0.07 1630.8 0.1 1141.6
Printer (Line) 300 0.4 1000 0.1
Pumps – Centrifugal 10 11.4 100 1.1
– Boiler 100 1.1 700 0.2
– Fire water – diesel 200 0.6 3000 0.04
– electr 200 0.6 500 0.2
– Fuel 3 38.1 180 0.6
– Oil lubrication 6 19.0 60 1.9
– Vacuum 10 11.4 25 4.6
Pushbutton 0.1 1141.6 10 11.4
Rectifier (Power) 3 38.1 5 22.8
Relays – Armature general 0.2 570.8 0.4 285.4
– Crystal can 0.15 761.0
– Heavy duty 2.5 45.7
– Polarized 0.8 142.7
– Reed 0.002 57077.6 2 57.1
– BT 0.02 5707.8 0.07 1630.8
– Contactor 1 114.2 6 19.0
– Power 1 114.2 16 7.1
– Thermal 0.5 228.3 10 11.4
– Time delay 0.5 228.3 10 11.4
– Latching 0.02 5707.8 1.5 76.1
Resistors – Carbon comp 0.001 114155.3 0.006 19025.9
– Carbon film 0.001 114155.3 0.05 2283.1
– Metal oxide 0.001 114155.3 0.05 2283.1
– Wire wound 0.001 114155.3 0.5 228.3
– Networks 0.05 2283.1 0.1 1141.6
– Variable WW 0.02 5707.8 0.5 228.3
– Variable comp 0.5 228.3 1.5 76.1
Solenoid 0.4 285.4 4 28.5
Stepper Motor 0.5 228.3 5 22.8
Surge Arresters
– > 100 kV 0.5 228.3 1.5 76.1
– low power 0.003 38051.8 0.02 5707.8
Switches (per contact)
– Micro 0.1 1141.6 1 114.2
– Toggle 0.03 3805.2 1 114.2
– DIL 0.03 3805.2 1.8 63.4
– Key (low power) 0.003 38051.8 2 57.1
(high power) 5 22.8 10 11.4
– Pushbutton 0.2 570.8 10 11.4
– Rotary 0.05 2283.1 0.5 228.3
– Thermal Delay 0.5 228.3 3 38.1
Synchros and Resolvers 3 38.1 15 7.6
Temperature Instruments
– Sensor 0.2 570.8 10 11.4
– Switch 3 38.1 20 5.7
– Pyrometer 250 0.5 1000 0.1
– Transmitter 10 11.4

Página 12 de 693419689.xlsx
 Failure rate in Failure rate in
MTBF MTBF
failures per failures per
Component million hours
Años / Falla
million hours
Años / Falla
Min Max
– Controller 20 5.7 40 2.9
Thermionic Tubes
– Diode 5 22.8 70 1.6
– Triode and Pentode 20 5.7 100 1.1
– Thyratron 50 2.3
Thermocouple/Thermostat 1 114.2 20 5.7
Timer (electromech) 2 57.1 40 2.9
Transformers
– Signal 0.005 22831.1 0.3 380.5
– Mains 0.03 3805.2 3 38.1
– ≥ 415 V 0.4 285.4 7 16.3
Transistors
– Si npn low power 0.01 11415.5 0.2 570.8
– Si npn high power 0.1 1141.6 0.4 285.4
– Si FET low power 0.05 2283.1
– Si FET high power 0.1 1141.6
Turbine, Steam 30 3.8 40 2.9
TV Receiver figure 2.3 49.6

Valves (Mechanical, Hydraulic, Pneumatic,

Gas (not high temp nor corrosive substances))
– Ball 0.2 570.8 10 11.4
– Butterfly 1 114.2 30 3.8
– Diaphragm (single) 2.6 43.9 20 5.7
– Gate 1 114.2 30 3.8
– Needle 1.5 76.1 20 5.7
– Non-return 1 114.2 20 5.7
– Plug 1 114.2 18 6.3
– Relief 2 57.1 18 6.3
– Globe 0.2 570.8 2 57.1
– Solenoid De-energize to trip 1.8 63.4
– Solenoid Energize to trip 8 14.3 20 5.7
Valve diaphragm 1.5 76.1
VDU 10 11.4 500 0.2

Página 13 de 693419689.xlsx
 Ítem Mode Mode Percentage
Catastrophic Open 10
Catastrophic Short 20
Battery
Leak 20
Low Output 50
Binding 40
Bearing
Worn 60
Capacitor or
Open Circuit 20
Electrolytic
Short Circuit 80
Open Circuit 1
Mica, Ceramic, Glass, Paper
Short Circuit 99
Open Circuit 50
Plastic
Short Circuit 50
Arcing and Damage 10
Fail to Close 5
Circuit Breaker
Fail to Open 40
Spurious Open 45
Bind 55
Clutch (Mechanical)
Slip 45
Break 50
Connection (Solder) Dry 40
No Solder 10
High Resistance 10
Intermittent 20
Connector
Open Circuit 60
Short 10
Air and Fuel 23
Blocks and Heads 7
Elec., Start, Battery 1
Diesel Engine
Lube and Cooling 23
Misc. and Seals 16
Moving Mech. Parts 30
High Reverse 60
Diode (Junction) Open 25
Short 15
Open 50
Diode (Zener)
Short 50
Fails to Open 15
Fuse Opens 10
Slow to Open 75
Binding 80
Gear
No Transmission 20
Drift or Intermittent 80
Generator
Loss of Output 20
Open 75
Inductor
Short 25
Lamp Open 00
Drift 30
Meter (Moving Coil)
No Reading 70
High 40
Microelectronics
Loss of Logic 20
Digital
Low 40
Drift 10
Microelectronics
Linear

Página 14 Datos Fallas MTBF Failure rate.xls

 Ítem Mode Mode Percentage
Microelectronics
High or Low 10
Linear
No Output 80
Failed – Brush 15
– Commutator 10
– Lube 15
– Rotor 10
Motor – Stator 15
Performance (Degraded)
– Brush 15
– Commutator 5
– Lube 15
Leak 50
Pump
No Transmission 50
Coil 10
Relay
Contact 90
Fail to Operate 90
Relay, Contact
Fail to Release 10
Open 50
Resistor (Comp.)
Drift 50
Open 50
(Film)
Drift 50
Open 40
(Var.)
Intermittent 60
Open 90
(Wire)
Short 10
Open 2
SCR
Short 98
High Resistance 60
Switch (Micro) No Function 10
Open 30
Open 80
(Pushbutton)
Short 20
Open – Primary 50
– Secondary 60
Transformer
Short – Primary 30
– Secondary 40
High Leakage 20
Low Gain 20
Transistor
Open Circuit 30
Short Circuit 30
Blocking 5
External Leak 15
Valve (Mechanical)
Passing (Internal) 60
Sticking 20
Fail 10
Valve Actuator
Spurious 90
Note: Can be Spurious Open or Spurious Close, Fail Open or Fail Close, depending on the
hydraulic logic

Libro David Smith, Reliability_Maintainability_Risk

Página 15 Datos Fallas MTBF Failure rate.xls