As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as service endpoints in systems, the surge in query volume creates significant scheduling challenges. Existing scheduling frameworks mainly target at latency optimization while neglecting the capability of LLMs to serve different level of queries, which could lead to computational resource waste. This paper addresses this challenge by proposing a capability-cost coordinated scheduling framework, ECCOS, for multi-LLM serving, which explicitly constrains response quality and workload to optimize LLM inference cost. Specifically, it introduces the two-stage scheduling by designing a multi-objective predictor and a constrained optimizer. The predictor estimates both model capabilities and computational costs through training-based and retrieval-based approaches, while the optimizer determines cost-optimal assignments under quality and workload constraints. It also introduces QAServe, a dataset collected for sample-wise response quality and costs by zero-shot prompting different LLMs on knowledge QA and mathematical reasoning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ECCOS improves success rates by 6.30% while reducing costs by 10.15% compared to existing methods, consuming less than 0.5% of LLM response time.
@article{mei2024aios,
title={AIOS: LLM Agent Operating System},
author={Mei, Kai and Zhu, Xi and Xu, Wujiang and Hua, Wenyue and Jin, Mingyu and Li, Zelong and Xu, Shuyuan and Ye, Ruosong and Ge, Yingqiang and Zhang, Yongfeng}
journal={arXiv:2403.16971},
year={2024}
}
@article{ge2023llm,
title={LLM as OS, Agents as Apps: Envisioning AIOS, Agents and the AIOS-Agent Ecosystem},
author={Ge, Yingqiang and Ren, Yujie and Hua, Wenyue and Xu, Shuyuan and Tan, Juntao and Zhang, Yongfeng},
journal={arXiv:2312.03815},
year={2023}
}