libvips · jcupitt · Jun 21, 2025 · Jun 9, 2025
diff --git a/libvips/foreign/dcrawload.c b/libvips/foreign/dcrawload.c
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+/* load RAW camera files with libraw
+ */
+
+/*
+
+	This file is part of VIPS.
+
+	VIPS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+	it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+	the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+	(at your option) any later version.
+
+	This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+	GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+	You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+	along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+	Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+	02110-1301  USA
+
+ */
+
+/*
+
+	These files are distributed with VIPS - http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk
+
+ */
+
+/*
+#define DEBUG
+ */
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <config.h>
+#endif /*HAVE_CONFIG_H*/
+#include <glib/gi18n-lib.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <vips/vips.h>
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBRAW
+
+#include <libraw/libraw.h>
+
+#define VIPS_TYPE_FOREIGN_LOAD_DCRAW (vips_foreign_load_dcraw_get_type())
+#define VIPS_FOREIGN_LOAD_DCRAW(obj) \
+	(G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_CAST((obj), \
+		VIPS_TYPE_FOREIGN_LOAD_DCRAW, VipsForeignLoadDcRaw))
+
+static const char *vips_foreign_dcraw_suffs[] = {
+	".arw", ".cr2", ".cr3", ".crw", ".dng", ".nef", ".nrw",
+	".orf", ".pef", ".raf", ".raw", ".rw2", ".srw", ".x3f",
+	".erf", ".kdc", ".mdc", ".mos", ".pxn", ".srf",
+	".3fr", ".ari", ".cap", ".cin", ".dcr", ".fff", ".iiq", ".k25",
+	".mrw", ".ori", ".rwl", ".sr2", NULL
+};
+
+typedef struct _VipsForeignLoadDcRaw {
+	VipsForeignLoad parent_object;
+
+	/* LibRaw processor.
+	 */
+	libraw_data_t *raw_processor;
+
+	/* Internal Libraw processed image
+	 */
+	libraw_processed_image_t *processed;
+
+	/* Load from this source (set by subclasses).
+	 */
+	VipsSource *source;
+
+} VipsForeignLoadDcRaw;
+
+typedef VipsForeignLoadClass VipsForeignLoadDcRawClass;
+
+G_DEFINE_ABSTRACT_TYPE(VipsForeignLoadDcRaw, vips_foreign_load_dcraw,
+	VIPS_TYPE_FOREIGN_LOAD);
+
+static void
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_dispose(GObject *gobject)
+{
+	VipsForeignLoadDcRaw *raw = (VipsForeignLoadDcRaw *) gobject;
+
+	VIPS_FREEF(libraw_dcraw_clear_mem, raw->processed);
+	VIPS_FREEF(libraw_close, raw->raw_processor);
+	VIPS_UNREF(raw->source);
+
+	G_OBJECT_CLASS(vips_foreign_load_dcraw_parent_class)->dispose(gobject);
+}
+
+static int
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_build(VipsObject *object)
+{
+	VipsForeignLoadDcRaw *raw = VIPS_FOREIGN_LOAD_DCRAW(object);
+	VipsObjectClass *class = VIPS_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(raw);
+	raw->raw_processor = libraw_init(0);
+
+	if (!raw->raw_processor) {
+		vips_error(class->nickname, _("unable to initialize libraw"));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return VIPS_OBJECT_CLASS(vips_foreign_load_dcraw_parent_class)
+		->build(object);
+}
+
+static VipsForeignFlags
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_get_flags_filename(const char *filename)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static VipsForeignFlags
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_get_flags(VipsForeignLoad *load)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_header(VipsForeignLoad *load)
+{
+	VipsForeignLoadDcRaw *raw = (VipsForeignLoadDcRaw *) load;
+	VipsObjectClass *class = VIPS_OBJECT_GET_CLASS(raw);
+
+	const void *data;
+	size_t length;
+	VipsImage *image;
+	VipsImage *x;
+	GDateTime *dt;
+
+	/* Map the whole source into memory.
+	 */
+	if (!(data = vips_source_map(raw->source, &length)))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Enforce VIPS_FORMAT_USHORT output.
+	 */
+	raw->raw_processor->params.output_bps = 16;
+
+	/* Apply camera white balance.
+	 */
+	raw->raw_processor->params.use_camera_wb = 1;
+
+	int result = libraw_open_buffer(raw->raw_processor, data, length);
+	if (result != LIBRAW_SUCCESS) {
+		vips_error(class->nickname, "%s : %s",
+			_("unable to read the source"), libraw_strerror(result));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	result = libraw_unpack(raw->raw_processor);
+	if (result != LIBRAW_SUCCESS) {
+		vips_error(class->nickname, "%s : %s",
+			_("unable to unpack the source"), libraw_strerror(result));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Process the image (demosaicing, white balance, etc.)
+	 */
+	result = libraw_dcraw_process(raw->raw_processor);
+
+	if (result != LIBRAW_SUCCESS) {
+		vips_error(class->nickname,
+			"error processing RAW data: %s\n", libraw_strerror(result));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (!(raw->processed =
+				libraw_dcraw_make_mem_image(raw->raw_processor, &result))) {
+		vips_error(class->nickname,
+			"error creating processed image: %s\n", libraw_strerror(result));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (!(image = vips_image_new_from_memory(
+			  raw->processed->data, raw->processed->data_size,
+			  raw->processed->width, raw->processed->height,
+			  raw->processed->colors, VIPS_FORMAT_USHORT)))
+		return -1;
+
+	VIPS_SETSTR(image->filename,
+		vips_connection_filename(VIPS_CONNECTION(raw->source)));
+
+	/* Set custom metadata.
+	 */
+	vips_image_set_string(image, "raw-make",
+		raw->raw_processor->idata.make);
+	vips_image_set_string(image, "raw-model",
+		raw->raw_processor->idata.model);
+	vips_image_set_double(image, "raw-iso",
+		raw->raw_processor->other.iso_speed);
+	vips_image_set_double(image, "raw-shutter",
+		raw->raw_processor->other.shutter);
+	vips_image_set_double(image, "raw-aperture",
+		raw->raw_processor->other.aperture);
+	vips_image_set_double(image, "raw-focal-length",
+		raw->raw_processor->other.focal_len);
+
+	if (raw->raw_processor->other.timestamp &&
+		(dt = g_date_time_new_from_unix_utc(
+			 raw->raw_processor->other.timestamp))) {
+		vips_image_set_string(image, "raw-timestamp",
+			g_date_time_format_iso8601(dt));
+		g_date_time_unref(dt);
+	}
+
+	/* What a hack. Remove the @out that's there now and replace it with
+	 * our image.
+	 */
+	g_object_get(load, "out", &x, NULL);
+	g_object_unref(x);
+	g_object_unref(x);
+
+	g_object_set(load, "out", image, NULL);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_class_init(VipsForeignLoadDcRawClass *class)
+{
+	GObjectClass *gobject_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS(class);
+	VipsObjectClass *object_class = (VipsObjectClass *) class;
+	VipsOperationClass *operation_class = VIPS_OPERATION_CLASS(class);
+	VipsForeignLoadClass *load_class = (VipsForeignLoadClass *) class;
+
+	gobject_class->dispose = vips_foreign_load_dcraw_dispose;
+
+	object_class->nickname = "dcrawload_base";
+	object_class->description = _("load RAW camera files");
+	object_class->build = vips_foreign_load_dcraw_build;
+
+	/* LibRaw is fuzzed, but not by us.
+	 */
+	operation_class->flags |= VIPS_OPERATION_UNTRUSTED;
+
+	load_class->get_flags = vips_foreign_load_dcraw_get_flags;
+	load_class->header = vips_foreign_load_dcraw_header;
+	load_class->load = NULL;
+}
+
+static void
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_init(VipsForeignLoadDcRaw *raw)
+{
+}
+
+typedef struct _VipsForeignLoadDcRawFile {
+	VipsForeignLoadDcRaw parent_object;
+
+	/* Filename for load.
+	 */
+	char *filename;
+
+} VipsForeignLoadDcRawFile;
+
+typedef VipsForeignLoadDcRawClass VipsForeignLoadDcRawFileClass;
+
+G_DEFINE_TYPE(VipsForeignLoadDcRawFile, vips_foreign_load_dcraw_file,
+	vips_foreign_load_dcraw_get_type());
+
+static int
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_file_build(VipsObject *object)
+{
+	VipsForeignLoadDcRaw *raw = VIPS_FOREIGN_LOAD_DCRAW(object);
+	VipsForeignLoadDcRawFile *file = (VipsForeignLoadDcRawFile *) object;
+
+	if (file->filename &&
+		!(raw->source = vips_source_new_from_file(file->filename)))
+		return -1;
+
+	return VIPS_OBJECT_CLASS(vips_foreign_load_dcraw_file_parent_class)
+		->build(object);
+}
+
+static void
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_file_class_init(VipsForeignLoadDcRawFileClass *class)
+{
+	GObjectClass *gobject_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS(class);
+	VipsObjectClass *object_class = (VipsObjectClass *) class;
+	VipsForeignClass *foreign_class = (VipsForeignClass *) class;
+	VipsForeignLoadClass *load_class = (VipsForeignLoadClass *) class;
+
+	gobject_class->set_property = vips_object_set_property;
+	gobject_class->get_property = vips_object_get_property;
+
+	object_class->nickname = "dcrawload";
+	object_class->description = _("load RAW with libraw");
+	object_class->build = vips_foreign_load_dcraw_file_build;
+
+	foreign_class->suffs = vips_foreign_dcraw_suffs;
+
+	load_class->get_flags_filename =
+		vips_foreign_load_dcraw_get_flags_filename;
+
+	VIPS_ARG_STRING(class, "filename", 1,
+		_("Filename"),
+		_("Filename to load from"),
+		VIPS_ARGUMENT_REQUIRED_INPUT,
+		G_STRUCT_OFFSET(VipsForeignLoadDcRawFile, filename),
+		NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+vips_foreign_load_dcraw_file_init(VipsForeignLoadDcRawFile *file)
+{
+}
+
+#endif /*HAVE_LIBRAW*/
+
+/**
+ * vips_dcrawload:
+ * @filename: file to load
+ * @out: (out): output image
+ * @...: `NULL`-terminated list of optional named arguments
+ *
+ * Read a RAW camera file using LibRaw.
+ *
+ * This loader supports the most RAW formats including:
+ * ARW, CR2, CR3, CRW, DNG, NEF, NRW, ORF, PEF, RAF, RAW, RW2, SRW, X3F, ...
+ *
+ * The loader applies demosaicing and basic processing to produce an RGB or
+ * grayscale image suitable for further processing.
+ *
+ * Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error.
+ */
+int
+vips_dcrawload(const char *filename, VipsImage **out, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	int result;
+
+	va_start(ap, out);
+	result = vips_call_split("dcrawload", ap, filename, out);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	return result;
+}
diff --git a/libvips/foreign/foreign.c b/libvips/foreign/foreign.c
@@ -3056,6 +3056,8 @@ vips_foreign_operation_init(void)
 	extern GType vips_foreign_save_cgif_buffer_get_type(void);
 	extern GType vips_foreign_save_cgif_target_get_type(void);
 
+	extern GType vips_foreign_load_dcraw_file_get_type(void);
+
 	vips_foreign_load_csv_file_get_type();
 	vips_foreign_load_csv_source_get_type();
 	vips_foreign_save_csv_file_get_type();
@@ -3143,6 +3145,10 @@ vips_foreign_operation_init(void)
 	vips_foreign_load_nsgif_source_get_type();
 #endif /*HAVE_NSGIF*/
 
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBRAW
+	vips_foreign_load_dcraw_file_get_type();
+#endif /*HAVE_LIBRAW*/
+
 #ifdef HAVE_CGIF
 	vips_foreign_save_cgif_file_get_type();
 	vips_foreign_save_cgif_buffer_get_type();

diff --git a/libvips/foreign/meson.build b/libvips/foreign/meson.build
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ foreign_sources = files(
     'cgifsave.c',
     'csvload.c',
     'csvsave.c',
+    'dcrawload.c',
     'dzsave.c',
     'exif.c',
     'fits.c',

diff --git a/libvips/include/vips/foreign.h b/libvips/include/vips/foreign.h
@@ -872,6 +872,10 @@ VIPS_API
 int vips_gifsave_target(VipsImage *in, VipsTarget *target, ...)
 	G_GNUC_NULL_TERMINATED;
 
+VIPS_API
+int vips_dcrawload(const char *filename, VipsImage **out, ...)
+	G_GNUC_NULL_TERMINATED;
+
 VIPS_API
 int vips_heifload(const char *filename, VipsImage **out, ...)
 	G_GNUC_NULL_TERMINATED;