micropython · dpgeorge · Feb 25, 2025 · Feb 18, 2025
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ruff.yml b/.github/workflows/ruff.yml
@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ jobs:
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     # ruff version should be kept in sync with .pre-commit-config.yaml
-    - run: pip install --user ruff==0.1.3
+    - run: pipx install ruff==0.9.6
     - run: ruff check --output-format=github .
     - run: ruff format --diff .
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ repos:
         stages: [commit-msg]
   - repo: https://github.com/charliermarsh/ruff-pre-commit
     # Version should be kept in sync with .github/workflows/ruff.yml
-    rev: v0.1.3
+    rev: v0.9.6
     hooks:
       - id: ruff
       - id: ruff-format

diff --git a/ports/nrf/examples/seeed_tft.py b/ports/nrf/examples/seeed_tft.py
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
     tf = mount_tf()
     os.listdir()
 """
+
 import vfs
 import time
 import framebuf

diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
@@ -27,6 +27,17 @@ line-length = 99
 target-version = "py37"
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
+exclude = [  # Ruff finds Python SyntaxError in these files
+  "tests/cmdline/repl_autocomplete.py",
+  "tests/cmdline/repl_autoindent.py",
+  "tests/cmdline/repl_basic.py",
+  "tests/cmdline/repl_cont.py",
+  "tests/cmdline/repl_emacs_keys.py",
+  "tests/cmdline/repl_words_move.py",
+  "tests/feature_check/repl_emacs_check.py",
+  "tests/feature_check/repl_words_move_check.py",
+  "tests/micropython/viper_args.py",
+]
 extend-select = ["C9", "PLC"]
 ignore = [
   "E401",
@@ -37,14 +48,12 @@ ignore = [
   "F401",
   "F403",
   "F405",
-  "PLC1901",
+  "PLC0206",
 ]
+mccabe.max-complexity = 40
 
-[tool.ruff.mccabe]
-max-complexity = 40
-
-[tool.ruff.per-file-ignores]
-# Exclude all tests from linting (does not apply to formatting).
+[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
+# Exclude all tests from linting.
 "tests/**/*.py" = ["ALL"]
 "ports/cc3200/tools/uniflash.py" = ["E711"]
 # manifest.py files are evaluated with some global names pre-defined
@@ -57,3 +66,4 @@ max-complexity = 40
 #   repl_: not real python files
 #   viper_args: uses f(*)
 exclude = ["tests/basics/*.py", "tests/*/repl_*.py", "tests/micropython/viper_args.py"]
+quote-style = "preserve"
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/builtin_next_arg2.py b/tests/cpydiff/builtin_next_arg2.py
@@ -9,4 +9,5 @@
     except StopIteration:
         val = deflt
 """
+
 print(next(iter(range(0)), 42))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/core_class_delnotimpl.py b/tests/cpydiff/core_class_delnotimpl.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import gc
 
 

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/core_fstring_concat.py b/tests/cpydiff/core_fstring_concat.py
@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@
 """
 
 x, y = 1, 2
+# fmt: off
 print("aa" f"{x}")  # works
 print(f"{x}" "ab")  # works
 print("a{}a" f"{x}")  # fails
 print(f"{x}" "a{}b")  # fails
+# fmt: on
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/core_function_argcount.py b/tests/cpydiff/core_function_argcount.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: MicroPython counts "self" as an argument.
 workaround: Interpret error messages with the information above in mind.
 """
+
 try:
     [].append()
 except Exception as e:

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/core_import_all.py b/tests/cpydiff/core_import_all.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Not implemented.
 workaround: Manually import the sub-modules directly in __init__.py using ``from . import foo, bar``.
 """
+
 from modules3 import *
 
 foo.hello()
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/core_import_path.py b/tests/cpydiff/core_import_path.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: MicroPython doesn't support namespace packages split across filesystem. Beyond that, MicroPython's import system is highly optimized for minimal memory usage.
 workaround: Details of import handling is inherently implementation dependent. Don't rely on such details in portable applications.
 """
+
 import modules
 
 print(modules.__path__)
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/core_import_split_ns_pkgs.py b/tests/cpydiff/core_import_split_ns_pkgs.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: MicroPython's import system is highly optimized for simplicity, minimal memory usage, and minimal filesystem search overhead.
 workaround: Don't install modules belonging to the same namespace package in different directories. For MicroPython, it's recommended to have at most 3-component module search paths: for your current application, per-user (writable), system-wide (non-writable).
 """
+
 import sys
 
 sys.path.append(sys.path[1] + "/modules")

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/core_locals_eval.py b/tests/cpydiff/core_locals_eval.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: MicroPython doesn't maintain symbolic local environment, it is optimized to an array of slots. Thus, local variables can't be accessed by a name. Effectively, ``eval(expr)`` in MicroPython is equivalent to ``eval(expr, globals(), globals())``.
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 val = 1
 
 

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/module_array_comparison.py b/tests/cpydiff/module_array_comparison.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Code size
 workaround: Compare individual elements
 """
+
 import array
 
 array.array("b", [1, 2]) == array.array("i", [1, 2])
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/module_array_constructor.py b/tests/cpydiff/module_array_constructor.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: MicroPython implements implicit truncation in order to reduce code size and execution time
 workaround: If CPython compatibility is needed then mask the value explicitly
 """
+
 import array
 
 a = array.array("b", [257])

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_array_containment.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_array_containment.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import array
 
 print(1 in array.array("B", b"12"))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_array_deletion.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_array_deletion.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import array
 
 a = array.array("b", (1, 2, 3))

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_array_subscrstep.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_array_subscrstep.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import array
 
 a = array.array("b", (1, 2, 3))

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_json_nonserializable.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_json_nonserializable.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import json
 
 try:

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_os_environ.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_os_environ.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Use ``getenv``, ``putenv`` and ``unsetenv``
 """
+
 import os
 
 try:

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_os_getenv.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_os_getenv.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: The ``environ`` attribute is not implemented
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import os
 
 print(os.getenv("NEW_VARIABLE"))

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_struct_fewargs.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_struct_fewargs.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import struct
 
 try:

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_struct_manyargs.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_struct_manyargs.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import struct
 
 try:

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_struct_whitespace_in_format.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_struct_whitespace_in_format.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: MicroPython is optimised for code size.
 workaround: Don't use spaces in format strings.
 """
+
 import struct
 
 try:

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/modules_sys_stdassign.py b/tests/cpydiff/modules_sys_stdassign.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: They are stored in read-only memory.
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 import sys
 
 sys.stdin = None

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/syntax_assign_expr.py b/tests/cpydiff/syntax_assign_expr.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: MicroPython is optimised for code size and doesn't check this case.
 workaround: Do not rely on this behaviour if writing CPython compatible code.
 """
+
 print([i := -1 for i in range(4)])
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/syntax_spaces.py b/tests/cpydiff/syntax_spaces.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 try:
     print(eval("1and 0"))
 except SyntaxError:

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/syntax_unicode_nameesc.py b/tests/cpydiff/syntax_unicode_nameesc.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 print("\N{LATIN SMALL LETTER A}")
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_bytearray_sliceassign.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_bytearray_sliceassign.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 b = bytearray(4)
 b[0:1] = [1, 2]
 print(b)
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_bytes_format.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_bytes_format.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: MicroPython strives to be a more regular implementation, so if both `str` and `bytes` support ``__mod__()`` (the % operator), it makes sense to support ``format()`` for both too. Support for ``__mod__`` can also be compiled out, which leaves only ``format()`` for bytes formatting.
 workaround: If you are interested in CPython compatibility, don't use ``.format()`` on bytes objects.
 """
+
 print(b"{}".format(1))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_bytes_keywords.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_bytes_keywords.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Pass the encoding as a positional parameter, e.g. ``print(bytes('abc', 'utf-8'))``
 """
+
 print(bytes("abc", encoding="utf8"))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_bytes_subscrstep.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_bytes_subscrstep.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: MicroPython is highly optimized for memory usage.
 workaround: Use explicit loop for this very rare operation.
 """
+
 print(b"123"[0:3:2])
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_dict_keys_set.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_dict_keys_set.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Not implemented.
 workaround: Explicitly convert keys to a set before using set operations.
 """
+
 print({1: 2, 3: 4}.keys() & {1})
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_exception_attrs.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_exception_attrs.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: MicroPython is optimised to reduce code size.
 workaround: Only use ``value`` on ``StopIteration`` exceptions, and ``errno`` on ``OSError`` exceptions.  Do not use or rely on these attributes on other exceptions.
 """
+
 e = Exception(1)
 print(e.value)
 print(e.errno)
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_exception_chaining.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_exception_chaining.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 try:
     raise TypeError
 except TypeError:

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_exception_instancevar.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_exception_instancevar.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: MicroPython is highly optimized for memory usage.
 workaround: Use user-defined exception subclasses.
 """
+
 e = Exception()
 e.x = 0
 print(e.x)
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_exception_loops.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_exception_loops.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Condition checks are optimized to happen at the end of loop body, and that line number is reported.
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 l = ["-foo", "-bar"]
 
 i = 0

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_float_rounding.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_float_rounding.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 print("%.1g" % -9.9)
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_list_delete_subscrstep.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_list_delete_subscrstep.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Use explicit loop for this rare operation.
 """
+
 l = [1, 2, 3, 4]
 del l[0:4:2]
 print(l)
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_list_store_noniter.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_list_store_noniter.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: RHS is restricted to be a tuple or list
 workaround: Use ``list(<iter>)`` on RHS to convert the iterable to a list
 """
+
 l = [10, 20]
 l[0:1] = range(4)
 print(l)
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_list_store_subscrstep.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_list_store_subscrstep.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Use explicit loop for this rare operation.
 """
+
 l = [1, 2, 3, 4]
 l[0:4:2] = [5, 6]
 print(l)
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_memoryview_invalid.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_memoryview_invalid.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 In the worst case scenario, resizing an object which is the target of a memoryview can cause the memoryview(s) to reference invalid freed memory (a use-after-free bug) and corrupt the MicroPython runtime.
 workaround: Do not change the size of any ``bytearray`` or ``io.bytesIO`` object that has a ``memoryview`` assigned to it.
 """
+
 b = bytearray(b"abcdefg")
 m = memoryview(b)
 b.extend(b"hijklmnop")

diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_str_endswith.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_str_endswith.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 print("abc".endswith("c", 1))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_str_formatsubscr.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_str_formatsubscr.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 print("{a[0]}".format(a=[1, 2]))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_str_keywords.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_str_keywords.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Input the encoding format directly. eg ``print(bytes('abc', 'utf-8'))``
 """
+
 print(str(b"abc", encoding="utf8"))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_str_ljust_rjust.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_str_ljust_rjust.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: MicroPython is highly optimized for memory usage. Easy workarounds available.
 workaround: Instead of ``s.ljust(10)`` use ``"%-10s" % s``, instead of ``s.rjust(10)`` use ``"% 10s" % s``. Alternatively, ``"{:<10}".format(s)`` or ``"{:>10}".format(s)``.
 """
+
 print("abc".ljust(10))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_str_rsplitnone.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_str_rsplitnone.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 print("a a a".rsplit(None, 1))
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_str_subscrstep.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_str_subscrstep.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 print("abcdefghi"[0:9:2])
diff --git a/tests/cpydiff/types_tuple_subscrstep.py b/tests/cpydiff/types_tuple_subscrstep.py
@@ -4,4 +4,5 @@
 cause: Unknown
 workaround: Unknown
 """
+
 print((1, 2, 3, 4)[0:4:2])
diff --git a/tests/ports/cc3200/pin.py b/tests/ports/cc3200/pin.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 pull up or pull down connected.
 GP12 and GP17 must be connected together
 """
+
 from machine import Pin
 import os
-Original file line number
+Diff line change
@@ Expand Up / @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ @@
     cause: Unknown
     workaround: Unknown
     """
     import gc
@@ Expand Down @@