Fixes #805

Update the CI builds to build with MRI Ruby 3.2, 3.3,
and 3.4; TruffleRuby 24.2.1; and JRuby 10.0.0.1.

BREAKING CHANGE: Users will need to be on Ruby 3.2 or greater

This partially implements #813

Log data access methods directly on the Log class will return a deprecation warning
since they will be removed in the future.

This pull request refactors the Git::Diff decomposing it into new, more focused
classes, while backward compatibility is maintained via a deprecated facade.

This will match all my other projects to aid copy and pasting between projects.

… be fixed

The Branch, Remote, and Worktree classes all inherit from Path
but do not initialize it. Rather than call super, I am removing the
inheritance. While this could be considered a breaking change,
since the base class was never initialized, objects of these
classes can not make use of the Path methods.

Ignore this offense for the gemspec and for tests since the
DSL for both make it hard to limit the block length.

```
ssh-keygen -t dsa
unknown key type dsa
```
with OpenSSH_9.9p1

Most of this was fixed by excluding tests from this metric. This is
fine since I plan on moving tests to RSpec in the near future.

The other few instances were fixed by refactoring the methods.

Exclude tests from the Metrics/ClassLength Rubocop offfense
since the plan is to rewrite the test suite in RSpec. At that time
many of the Rubocop exclusions will be removed.

This refactoring streamlines the Git::Status class by decomposing
its responsibilities, resulting in cleaner, more focused components:

* `StatusFile`: The inner data responsibilities was moved to its
  own class.
* `StatusFileFactory`: A new private factory was created to
  encapsulate all the logic for executing git commands and parsing
  their output into StatusFile objects.

I think the result is more readable and maintainable code.

The Git::Log class had grown to over 150 lines, making it difficult
to read and maintain. This refactoring simplifies the internal
implementation to improve its structure and reduce its size to under
100 lines, without altering the public API.

The primary motivations were to enhance readability and make the
class easier to extend in the future.

The key changes include:

- Consolidated all query parameters from individual instance
  variables into a single `@options` hash to simplify state
  management.
- Replaced repetitive builder methods with a concise `set_option`
  private helper, reducing code duplication.
- Centralized the command execution logic into a single
  `run_log_if_dirty` method to ensure consistent behavior.
- Simplified the deprecated Enumerable methods by using a helper
  for warnings and safe navigation (`&.`) for cleaner error handling.
- Modernized the nested `Git::Log::Result` class to use
  `Data.define`, leveraging Ruby 3.2+ features to create a more
  concise and immutable result object.

(bin/test prepends the unit_test directory; the quoted calls previously
would fail because it ended up trying to run
`tests/units/test/units/test_archive.rb`)

Use the keyword parameter, not the positional one.

These methods were deprecated with the same thinking that
the Git::Log methods were deprecated. However, where
Git::Log is a query builder, Git::Diff is (mostly) not... it is a
facade over diff, diff_stats, and diff_path_stats.

A problem remains with the Git::Diff class in that if you call
the #path method after retrieving results, the results are not
updated which may cause unexpected results.

I'll consider what changes should be made to the Git::Diff
class at a later date.

ActiveSupport::Deprecation is designed to report the line where the deprecated method
is called (one level up the call stack), not where the warning itself is defined.

The previous implementation triggered warnings from an internal helper method,
causing them to report the location with the Git gem. This commit moves the `warn`
call into the public-facing deprecated method, ensuring the warning correctly points
to the user's code that should be changed.

Correctly report that the current deprecations will be removed
by version 5.0.0 of the git gem.

this is so that non-deprecated use of this gem will not produce
deprecation warnings that the user can't fix.

Several methods, arguments, and behaviors were deprecated
but the tests were not updated to use alternates. This caused a
lot of deprecation warnings when running the tests.

Deprecation warnings should not be ignored.

This is important so that:
* when a user sees a deprecation warning, they can be confident it is coming from
  their code and not this gem
* test output is clean and does not contain noisey deprecation warnings

Tests whose purpose is to test that a deprecation warning is issued in the right
circumstance should mock Git::Deprecation#warn to avoid raising an error.

This class is internal only as well as the classes that inherit
from it (Git::Index and Git::WorkingTree). Remove the
deprecation warning and just remove the deprecated code.

Since Git::Stash#initialize is an internal only method, remove
the deprecation warning and removed the deprecated code.

…bject