There is a problem when the cache is created using cache:clear where the config twig[autoescape_service] is ignored.

I have tried to find how this happens and failed, but I have created a test application that shows it happening.
https://github.com/mcfedr/symfony-twig-error

If the cache is cleared manually, rm -rf app/cache, then the template will load correctly, and be cached correctly, using the escaping as specified by the configured service.

But if the template is loaded during the warming, via cache:clear, then it will use the default twig escaping guesser, Symfony\Bundle\TwigBundle\TwigEngine::guessDefaultEscapingStrategy.

Running cache:warm does not exhibit this bug

Adding to the fun, the cached Container (appProdProjectContainer) correctly sets the option

protected function getTemplatingService()
{
    $this->services['templating'] = $instance = new \Symfony\Bundle\TwigBundle\TwigEngine($this->get('twig'), $this->get('templating.name_parser'), $this->get('templating.locator'));
    $instance->setDefaultEscapingStrategy(array(0 => $this->get('mcfedr_twig_error.twig_escaping'), 1 => 'guess'));
    return $instance;
}