Papers by Shivinder Devra
The need and demand of mobile and internet is increasing every day. Creation of technology and ev... more The need and demand of mobile and internet is increasing every day. Creation of technology and evolution of mobile industry has been initiated by mobile industry since early 1970s. First generation only
provided voice communication facility, whereas second generation provided voice as well as data services. Further with more advancements in mobile wireless technology 3G provided us with video conferencing and etc. With increasing demand 4G came into existence and provided us with ultra-broadband internet access. 5G will be able to provide us facilities that one has never experienced till date. Our diversity of culture also plays a crucial role for this tremendous growth of mobile technology as they adopted this technology in friendly manner.
As multiple accessing techniques that can be used to provide access to multiple users to transmit... more As multiple accessing techniques that can be used to provide access to multiple users to transmit data to same channel simultaneously without any scheduling or delay in transmission, Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) has been an alluring for the past few decades. All users share all bandwidth simultaneously and access the network asynchronously. To provide access to multiple users simultaneously, many coding techniques to increase possible users and improve performance has been analyzed for OCDMA systems. In this paper, many different proposed methods of coding are reviewed. Performance, cardinality and capacity of these codes are discussed. Significance of introducing dimensions in optical code is also being discussed. General Terms: Auto Correlation, Cross Correlation.
Dispersion compensation is the most important and challenging aspect of high optical signal to no... more Dispersion compensation is the most important and challenging aspect of high optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) for good quality of the signal. and mature technology but it gives high insertion loss other techniques such as electronic dispersion dispersion compensation using digital filters are also in use
All pass filters (APFs) are used in dispersion compensation which is the foremost requirement in ... more All pass filters (APFs) are used in dispersion compensation which is the foremost requirement in an optical fiber link. All pass filters can correct any order of dispersion by the careful design of multistage all pass filters starting from very simple components with the use of N port devices. Multiple channels, as in wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) system, can be compensated with a single device since these filters are periodic in phase response. The design technique and implementation of these filters has been discussed in this paper. The simulation results obtained with raised cosine filters (RCFs) are presented in this paper. The results obtained using RCF to compensate dispersion show improvement in terms of eye diagram.
Fiber Optic Communication System was developed with the objective of achieving Data rate in Tbps ... more Fiber Optic Communication System was developed with the objective of achieving Data rate in Tbps but when the system was realized in practice the maximum data rate achieved was in Mbps due to number of signal degradation effects like attenuation, Scattering and dispersion. Among these Dispersion compensation is the most important and challenging aspect of the optical fiber communication to maintain a high optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) for good quality of the signal. In this paper, different types of dispersion along with their compensation techniques have been discussed.
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Papers by Shivinder Devra
provided voice communication facility, whereas second generation provided voice as well as data services. Further with more advancements in mobile wireless technology 3G provided us with video conferencing and etc. With increasing demand 4G came into existence and provided us with ultra-broadband internet access. 5G will be able to provide us facilities that one has never experienced till date. Our diversity of culture also plays a crucial role for this tremendous growth of mobile technology as they adopted this technology in friendly manner.
provided voice communication facility, whereas second generation provided voice as well as data services. Further with more advancements in mobile wireless technology 3G provided us with video conferencing and etc. With increasing demand 4G came into existence and provided us with ultra-broadband internet access. 5G will be able to provide us facilities that one has never experienced till date. Our diversity of culture also plays a crucial role for this tremendous growth of mobile technology as they adopted this technology in friendly manner.