4 Pilar Kehidupan Berbangsa Dan Bernegara

Kisi-Kisi “MATERI B.
INGGRIS USM STAN 2012/2013”
WWW.SOALSTAN.COM Halaman 1
Kisi-Kisi “MATERI B. INGGRIS USM STAN 2012/2013”
BAB 1
*TENSES
A. PRESENT TENSE
1. Simple Present
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang merupakan
♦ habitual action ( kebiasaan )
♦ general truth ( kebenaran umum )
Rumusnya: Waktu yang sering digunakan :

Positif : S + V1 (s/es) everyday, once, twice, three times, etc
Negatif : S + DO/DOES + NOT + V1 Contoh :
Tanya : DO/DOES + S + V1 - John Scoping learns english.
- I drink coffee
- She drinks coffe
2. Present Continuous
Present Continuous Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan, mengatakan (atau apalah namanya
itu istilahnya) suatu yang sedang terjadi saat ini, sedang berlangsung saat ini. Misalnya: Saya
sedang menulis sekarang, Anda saat ini sedang membaca pelajaran
Waktu yang sering di gunakan :
Rumusnya: now, at present, at this time, at this,
Positif : S + Tobe + Ving
moment, presently.etc
Negatif : S + Tobe+ Not+ Ving
Contoh :
Tanya : Tobe + S + Ving
- I am writing now
- You are reading my article at present
- She is waiting for you.
3. Present Perfect
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sudah selesai pada masa sekarang.
Rumusnya : Biasanya di ikuti oleh :

Positif : S + have/has + V3/been yet, already, just, several time, over there,
Negatif : S + have/sas Not + V3 recently/in recent years, many time, over
Tanya : Have/has + S + V3
the last.
Contoh :
- She has gone
- She has not gone
- I have written english lesson for 30 minutes
- You have just broken the glass
4. Present Perfect Continuous

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah berlangsung beberapa lama dan
terus berlangsung sampai sekarang.
Rumusnya : waktu yang sering digunakan :

Positif: S + have/has + been + Ving for three years, since yesterday, all these
Negatif: S + have/has + not + been + Ving months, etc
Tanya: Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
- I have been teaching english since last year

- They have been touring since yesterday
- She has been learning english for 3 years
B. PAST TENSE
1. Past Tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang terjadi pada masa lampau.
Rumusnya : Waktu yang sering digunakan : yesterday, last

Positif : S + V2 night, two hours ago, just now, etc
Negatif : S + did not + V1 Contoh :
Tanya : Did + S + V1 - My Father bought this car last year
- They went to Tokyo last month
2. Past Continuous
Digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang SEDANG TERJADI juga, tetapi sedang terjadi
sekarang, melainkan sedang terjadi tetapi DULU, tetapi sudah lewat.
Rumusnya : Waktu yang sering digunakan ;

Positif : S + was/were + Ving ♦ at 11 last night
Negatif : S + was/were + NOT + Ving ♦ at this time yesterday
Tanya : Was/Were + S + Ving ♦ when + S + V-2
♦ while + S + was/were + V-ing
Contoh :
- They were learning in the classroom when I came
- Joko was sleeping
3. Past Perfect
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah selesai ketika kejadian lain terjadi di
masa lampau. Pemakaian :
Rumusnya :
Positif : S + had + V3 ♦ S + had + V-3 before S + V-2
Negatif : S + had + not + V3 ♦ After S + had V-3, S + V-2
Tanya : Had + S + V3 ♦ S + had +V-3 when S + V-2
Contoh :
- I had gone When He arrived at my home
- I had studied hard but I didn’t make good result in the exam.
- You had told me twice before I understood.
4. Past Perfect Continuous

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sudah berlangsung beberapa lama tetapi
masih terus berlangsung ketika kejadian lain terjadi dimasa lampau.
Penggunaan :
Rumusnya : ♦ Before + S V-2, S + had +been + V-ing for….
Positif : S + had + been + Ving
♦ When + S + V-2, S + had + been + V-ing for….
Negatif : S + had + not + been + Ving
♦ After + S + had + been + V-ing, S +V-2 for….
Tanya : Had + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
- I had been repairing freezer when my friend came to my house
- Joh and Merry had been loving each other.
C. FUTURE TENSE
1. Simple Future
Future Tense atau Simple Future digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang Akan Terjadi.
Future tense adalah tentang Nanti. Sesuatu arti katanya Future yaitu “Masa Depan”. Karena
itu dalam Future Tense penggunaan kata Will, Shall yang artinya akan pastilah mendominasi.
Rumusnya : Waktu yang digunakan :

Positif : S + will + V1 tonight, tomorrow, soon, next week, etc
Negatif : S + will + not + V1 Contoh :
Tanya : Will + S + V1 - I will study
- You will swim
- They will visit Tokyo
2. Present Future Continuous
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang akan sedang dilakukan pada waktu
tertentu di masa yang akan datang.
Rumusnya : Waktu yang sering digunakan :
Positif : S + will + be + Ving at 8 tonight, at this time tomorrow, at this time
Negatif : S + will not + be + Ving nest week, at the same time tomorrow, etc
Tanya : Will + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
- I will be swimming at 9 o’clok tomorrow
3. Present Future Perfect

Digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang akan sudah selesai terjadi dimasa akan datang.
Waktu yang digunakan :
Rumusnya : ♦ By next, by next June
Positif : S + will + have + V3
♦ By the end of this year
Negatif : S + will + not + have + V3
♦ By the time + S + V-1/Vs/es + O
Tanya : Will + S + have + V3
Contoh :
- I will have swum at 11 tomorrow
- She will not have learned music …
4. Future Perfect Continuous

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah berlangsung beberapa waktu yang
lama dimasa yang akan datang.
Rumusnya : Waktu yang sering digunakan :
Positif : S + will + have + been + Ving by tomorrow, by the end of this
Negatif : S + will + not + have + been + Ving month, by the time, etc. ( tetapi harus
Tanya : Will + S + have + been + Ving diikuti oleh yang menunjukkkan
lamanya waktu keadian )
Contoh :
- I will have been swimming for 30 minutes at 9 tomorrow
- She will have been learning music
- She will not have been learning music
** FORMULA :
BEFORE
AFTER
PAST TENSE, WHEN PAST PERFECT
SINCE
PRESENT TENSE, By The time PRESENT PERFECT
As soon as
Ket : posisi bisa berubah
CONTOH SOAL :
1. I started school when I was five years old. I … a residents of the area have been advised to
student for seventeen years now. prepare for flood conditions.
A. am to be C. am being A. has been rising C. had risen
B. am D. have been B. rose D. is rising
(USM STAN 2006 : 161) (USM STAN 2006 : 163)
Kunci : D Kunci : A
Penyelesaian : PENYELESAIAN :
Present perpect : for/since + waktu sekarang Present perfect continuous : since/for + waktu
sekarang.
2. Because the river … steadily since Sunday, the
3. Ditto … Indonesia before he came to Jakarta to kata “and” harus sama. Setelah kata “and”
study in the International student program. dalam kalimat adalah past future tense.
A. had never visited
B. never visited
C. has never visited 6. Henry VII ruled that people born on February
D. would never visited 29 … their birthday on February 28 in non-leap
(USM STAN 2006 : 174) years.
Kunci : A A. would celebrate
PENYELESAIAN : B. celebrates
Past perfect C. would have celebrated
D. celebrated
Past perfect + before + Past tense (USM STAN 2007 : 162)
Kunci : A
4. The “for sale” sign isn‘t there now, but it … as PENYELESAIAN :
recently as last week, so the car must have just Tenses yang digunakan adalah past future
been sold. tense. S + would + V1.
A. just there
B. would be there
C. was there 7. Kristina … to an opera before she lived in
D. did be there Jakarta.
(USM STAN 2007 : 156) A. Was never going
Kunci : C B. Has never gone
PENYELESAIAN :
C. Had never gone
Past tense : keterangan lampau “last week”
D. Did not go
5. … dinner tonight with Mr. Capello, and I‘d like (USM STAN 2009 : 134)
to invite you to come. Kunci : C
A. We have C. We‘ve just PENYELESAIAN :
B. We would have D. We‘re having Past perfect + before + Past tense
(USM STAN 2007 : 157)
Kunci : C
PENYELESAIAN :
Tenses yang digunakan sebelum dan sesudah
8. Sari … to school with her friends at 06.30 a.m. tomorrow
tomorrow
A. Walks 9. Recently, the work had been being done by
B. Is going, to walk John M. Rayyan.
A B C D
C. Will be walking
D. Will have walked (USM STAN 2009 : 153)
(USM STAN 2009 : 143) Kunci : C
Kunci : C PENYELESAIAN :
PENYELESAIAN : Present perfect continuous : karena ada
Future continuous : (S+will+be+Ving) keterangan “recently”
Lihat keterangan waktu “at 06.30 a.m
1. SOAL PREDIKSI BAB-1
1. … you finished your thesis when she studied in A. influence

senior high school ? B. has influenced
A. had C. were C. have influenced
B. are D. have D. had influenced
2. She let her daughter play on the ground after 9. Don’t ring at the same time tomorrow, I … my
she … her lunch.
A. has bathe C. bathes A. will have
B. had bathed D. bathe B. am having
3. These assets … fuel, raw material, paper and C. will be having
money D. am going to have
A. including C. which include 10. What time … to bed when you were a child ?
B. includes D. include A. do you use to go
4. By the end of last November, I … In the B. are you used to going
company for twelve years. C. did you used to go
A. had been working D. did you use to go
B. has been working 11. I am confident that the boy ……. the work by
C. will have been working the time you see him.
D. will be working A. Will be doing
5. Mr. Limbat is going to stay in Paris form B. Will do
Monday to Friday. On Tuesday next week he … C. Has done
There for three days D. Will have done
A. will be staying 12. By the end of next week, the book …….
B. will have been staying A. Will be being published
C. will stay B. Will be published
D. is going to stay C. Has been published
6. When the police arrived, the criminals …. D. Will have been published
Escaped. 13. Please don’t call me at nine tonight because I
A. were already …….. a meeting with my manager then.
B. already A. Will have
C. had already B. Will be having
D. have already C. Will have been having
7. Before attending the seminar last month, my 14. As soon as the man arrives at the hoterl, he ….
mother … the speaker. the woman.
A. had never met A. Is going to see
B. had never been meeting B. Sees
C. was never meeting C. Has seen
D. has never met D. Will be seen
8. In recent years, the developments of
technology revolution … the way people live
their life.
KUNCI JAWABAN 1
1. Kunci A 6. Kunci C
Lihat formula di materi atas. Lihat formula di materi atas.
Past perfect + when + Past tense when + Past tense + Past perfect
Studied menunjukkan kalimat lampau arrived menunjukkan kalimat lampau
7. Kunci A
2. Kunci B Lihat formula di materi atas.
Lihat formula di materi atas.
Before + past tense + Past perfect
Past tense + after + Past perpect
last month menunjukkan kalimat lampau
Let menunjukkan kalimat lampau(past) 8. Kunci C
In recent years atau recently menggunakan
3. Kunci D pola present perfect
Bila keterangan waktu tidak disebutkan 9. Kunci C
gunakan “Present tense (S+V1+O)” Lihat kata “at the same time tomorrow” yang
Karena Subject jamak, maka kata kerja tanpa “ harus diikuti oleh future continuous.
s“ 10. Kunci D
Used to + V1 digunakan untuk kebiasaan masa
4. Kunci A lampau. Untuk bentuk interrogative dengan
Lihat formula di materi atas. rumus Aux + S + use to + V1
11. Kunci D
Past tense + by the time + Past perpect continuous
By the time + present tense, FUTURE PERFECT
Last November = lampau (past) 12. Kunci D
Past perpect berubah menjadi Present By + waktu datang, FUTURE PERFECT
continous bila terdapat keterangan “for / 13. Kunci B
since” Will be + V-ing = digunakan bila kejadian
5. Kunci B sedang terjadi di masa datang. Lihat
Future perfect continuous digunakan bila keterangan waktu TONIGHT dan kata THEN
keterangan waktu menggunakan kata by … + 14. Kunci A
future time + for + waktu AS SOON AS + Present Tense, FUTURE TENSE
BAB 2
*PASSIVE VOICE
kalimat pasif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya bukan pelaku suatu tindakan sedangkan Kalimat aktif
merupakan kalimat yang subjek kalimatnya adalah pelaku sebuah tindakan,. Si subjek adalah si
penerima akibat dari sebuah tindakan.
Bandingkan kalimat-kalimat berikut: Kalimat aktif : S + V + O
• Aktif : Susi mengetik surat ini kemarin

• Pasif : Surat ini diketik oleh Susi kemarin Kalimat pasif : S + to be + V-3 ,(by+object)
• Aktif : Kucingku membunuh seekor tikus
• Pasif : Seekor tikus dibunuh oleh kucingku
To be yang digunakan
1. Present : is, am, are

2. Past : was, were
3. Perfect : been (di depan have, has, atau had)
4. Future : be (setelah modals)
5. Continuous : being (di depan salah satu dari 7 to be di atas)
Hal-hal yang perlu diketahui dan diingat

1. Untuk menyatakan suatu kalimat dalam bentuk pasif, tenses tidak berubah. Tenses harus
sama dengan kalau kita menyatakannya dalam bentuk aktif. Yang berubah hanya kata kerja-
nya.
2. Kata kerja yang tidak memiliki objek (Kata Kerja Intransitif) tidak dapat diubah menjadi
kalimat pasif, seperti, menangis, mendidih, terbit, dll.
Contoh-contoh kalimat aktif dan pasif

1. Jack sings a song (active)
2. A song is sung by Jack (Passive)
1. Jack sang a song yesterday (active)

2. A song was sung by Jack yesterday (passive)
1. Jack has sung a song (active)

2. A song has been sung by Jack (passive)
1. Jack will sing a song (active)

2. A song will be sung by Jack (passive)
PRESENT ACTIVE PASSIVE

Simple Present S + V1 (s/es ) S + is/am/are + V3
John learns english. English book is learned by John
Present Continuous S + is/am/are+ V-ing S + is/am/are + being + V3
John is learning english English book is being learned by John
Present Perfect S + have/has + V3 S+ have/has + been + V3
John has learned English English book has been learned by John
Present Perfect S + have/has + been + V-ing S + have/has + been + being + V3
Continous John has been learning English English book has been being learned by John
PAST ACTIVE PASSIVE
Simple Past S + V2 S + was/were + V3
John wrote a letter A letter was written by John
Past Continuous S + was/were + V-ing S + was/were + being + V3
John was writing a letter A letter was being written by John
Past Perfect S + had + V3 S + had + been + V3
John had written a letter A letter had been written by John
Past Perfect S + had + been + V-ing S + had + been + being + V3
Continous John had been writing a letter A letter had been being written by John
FUTURE ACTIVE PASSIVE
Simple Future S + Will + V1 S + will + be + V3

John will write a letter A letter will be written by John
Future Continuous S + Will + be + Ving S + will + be + being + V3
John will be writing a letter A letter will be being written by John
Future Perfect S + Will + have+ V3 S + will + be + been + V3
John will have written a letter A letter will be been written by John
Future Perfect S + Will + have + been + Ving S + will + have + been + being + V3
Continous John will have been writing a letter A letter will have been being written by John
CONTOH SOAL :
1. Michael‘s report … discussed when I called Prof. Smith this afternoon.
A. have been
B. was being
C. been
D. being
(USM STAN 2007 : 158)
Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
Tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan dua kegiatan yang hamper bersamaan waktunya adalah past
continuous tense, ditandai dengan kata when. S + was/were + V-ing. Kalimat tersebut adalah passive.
2. Even though the cost is very high, the new bridge connecting the two islands … next year.
A. Will build
B. Is going to build
C. Will be built
D. Will be building
Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
Rumus : S + tobe + V3 +(by+O)
1. The secret information … regulary twice a month.

A. sends
B. sent
C. sending
D. is sent
2. The X-ray treatments … up to the time that he was dismissed from the hospital.
A. gave daily
B. were given daily
C. basically have given
D. daily had been given
3. For irrigation purposes or hydroelectric power, woodlands and prairies … into farmlands and make lakes
reservoirs out of rivers.
A. has been changed
B. have changed
C. have been changed
D. has changed
4. Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nation … in 1776.
A. has published
B. had been published
C. was published
D. published
5. The existence of the inter-maxillary bone …. Not by an anatomist but by the writer and poet Goethe (1748-
1832).
A. discovered
B. has discovered
C. was discovered
D. has been discovered
6. the woman has been working as a servant since his husband …… by the police
A. was arrested
B. arrested
C. has been arrested
D. arresting
7. some of the books ….. in Gramedia several weeks ago
A. was bought
B. have bought
C. were bought
D. being bought
8. the house looks very old. So, it needs ……
A. renovating
B. renovated
C. to renovate
D. to be renovating
KUNCI JAWABAN 2
1. Kunci D
Pola :
S + tobe +V3 + (by + O)

*The secret information is sent …*
2. Kunci B
S + tobe +V3 + (by + O)

3. Kunci C
Pasif : be + V3, dan ingat “woodlands and prairies “ adalah bentuk jamak
4. Kunci C
Pola Past tense dalam kalimat passive
Published = diterbitkan
5. Kunci C
Pola passive ( Subject + to be + Verb3)
6. Kunci A
Present Perfect Continuous + SINCE + Past Tense. Kemudian, pola passive past tense adalah Subject +
WAS/WERE + Verb 3
7. Kunci C
Bentuk passive dari past adalah Subject + WAS?WERE + Verb 3
Some of the books adalah Subject jamak. Jadi gunakan WERE
8. Kunci A
Need + pernyataan pasif, memiliki pola :
Need + pernyatan V-ing
Need + to be + Verb 3
BAB 3
*CONCORDANCE
Adalah penyesuaian subjek dan predikat dalam suatu kalimat.
A. Jika subjek kalimat dalam bentuk tunggal, maka predikat-nya juga tunggal dan sebaliknya,
jika subject suatu kalimat dalam bentuk jamak , maka predikat-nya juga jamak.
SUBJECT TUNGGAL + PREDIKAT TUNGGAL

Subject :
♣ ( I, he, she, it ) ♣ is, has,was, does,did
♣ Beberapa kata tertentu : ♣ Verb + s/es
- everyone,everybody, everything contoh : plays, requires
- Someone, somebody,everything
- Anyone,anybody,anything
- No one/none,nobody,nothing
- Each,either,neither
♣ ungkapan yang menyatakan :
- Jumlah uang
- Waktu
- Berat
- Jarak
- Volume
♣ mata pelajaran : economics,mathematics, etc
nama penyakit : measles,mumps,herpes,etc
kata benda abstrak: news,ethics,politics,etc
♣ judul buku,majalah,koran dan film
C ontoh : - the bandung times, star wars
♣ GERUND
♣ Beberapa frasa tertentu :
- Each,each of, neither of, the number of,
one of, etc
♣ Uncountable Noun
Seperti : tea, air, gasoline, oil,television,
Rain,china, juice, lead, shade, etc.
SUBJECT JAMAK + PREDIKAT JAMAK

Subject :
♣ ( we, they dan Noun + s ) ♣ are, have, were, do, did
♣ Beberapa kata tertentu : ♣ Verb tanpa s/es
- several, many, both, few, the Number of contoh : play, require
♣ ungkapan yang menyatakan :
- Sepasang ( a pair of, a word of )
Predikat mengikuti Subjek pertama ( S-1)

♦ together with
♦ accompanted by
S1+ ♦ in addition to
♦ as well as
♦ along with
♦ with
S2+ P1
Catatan :Bila subject 1 tunggal, maka predikat di
depannya juga tunggl. Dan juga sebaliknya, bila
subject 1 jamak, predikat juga jamak
Contoh :
- The girl as well as his two children is staying at the hotel. (S tunggal - P tunggal )
- The teachers along with his students are viewing a film. (S jamak - P jamak )
Predikat mengikuti Subjek kedua ( S-2)
Neither S1 nor S2 + P2
Either S1 or S2 + P2
Catatan : Bila subject-2 tunggal, maka predikat
di depannya juga tunggl. Dan juga sebaliknya,
bila subject-2 jamak, predikat juga jamak
Contoh :
Either the teacher or the students have your books
Neither the students nor the teacher is allowed to smoke
CONTOH SOAL :
1. The symtomps are … while IS specialists are comprehensive and coordinated strategies to
desiring higher budget to study new achieve noticeable successes. Jika that are
technologies. dihilangkan, bentuk pasif kalimat aposisisnya
A. clients complaining about IS specialists (undertaken in some countries…) tidak
blocking needed technical change, berubah. Sementara jika kata that sebelum
B. clients complain about IS specialists block require dihilangkan, maka kata require
needing technical change berubah dengan tambahan –ing.
C. clients complain about IS specialists
blockade needs technical change
D. clients complaining about IS specialists 3. Not … from South Africa, although most of
block, needs technical change the world‘s supply does originate there.
(USM STAN 2007 : 152) a. every gold comes
b. all gold come
Kunci : A
c. all gold comes
Penyelesaian :
d. every gold come
Menganalisissecarastrukturkalimat, jawaban B,
C, dan D salah. Pada jawaban B,clients (USM STAN 2008 : 174)
complain seharusnya disertai tanda apostrof Kunci : C
(‗) setelah clients karena complain merupakan Penyelesaian :
kata benda. Kalaupun complain berfungsi Gold = Uncountable (benda tak bisa dihitung)
sebagai kata kerja, to be are tidak boleh sebagai Subject “Tunggal” dan harus di ikuti
disertakan. Pada jawaban C juga sama, clients oleh Predikat Tunggal pula (‘kata kerja dengan
complain harus disertai dengan apostrof. s/es’)=comes
Sementara pada jawaban D, kata needs salah
secara struktur karena tidak terdapat subjek 4. A body of the volunteers have been organized
tunggal yang menyertai kata kerja tersebut. to aid the helpless in their struggle for
survival.
2. Tax reform such as those … success. A B
A. undertaking in some countries are some C D
large-scale of complex ventures require (USM STAN 2008 : 176)
comprehensiveandcoordinated strategies Kunci : B
by achieving noticeably Penyelesaian :
B. undertake some countries were large in A body of volunteers merupakan subjek
scale, complex and venture requiring tunggal, sehingga bukan have been yang
comprehensive and coordinated strategy seharusnya digunakan, tetapi has been.
for achieving noticeably
C. undertaken in some countries are large- 5. Some of the shops I wanted to see … no longer
scale,complexventures requiring in the city
comprehensive and coordinated strategies A. Is
to achieve noticeable
B. Are
D. undertaken in some countries are large -
scale to complex ventures require C. Have
comprehensive and coordinated strategy, D. Were
achieving noticeable (USM STAN 2009 : 125)
(USM STAN 2007 : 153) Kunci : B
Kunci : A Penyelesaian :
Penyelesaian : “Some of” menunjukkan Subjek ‘Jamak’,
Soal dalam kalimat tersebut bila dikembalikan sehingga Predikat harus dalam bentuk jamak
ke bentuk awalnya adalah tax reforms such as pula
those that are undertaken in some countries
are large scale, complex ventures that require
1. Neither of the professors I wanted to see …. In today. They are having a research in a remote place now.
A. is C. have
B. are D. were
2. A number of teachers in the school ….. for a corruption case.
A. states whom the headmaster must be arrested
B. state that the headmaster should arrest
C. state that the headmaster must be arrested
D. states which headmaster must be arrested
3. I’d like ….. information, please
A. an
B. several
C. a piece
D. two pieces of
4. The suggestion of combining of the two methods of teaching …. To me.
A. Appealing
B. Appeal
C. Appeals
D. Have appealed
5. Scientists and doctors says that about 34 million Americans are too fat.
A B C D
6. The woman hopes someone who are handsome will help her.
A B C D
7. The man with the girls, undoubtedly considered the richest in the city, ….. any money to the poor
A. never gives
B. never give
C. giving
D. not give
8. Most of the food given by his parents …. Stale and inedible.
A. have being
B. are
C. been
D. has been
9. ……. the managers is going to lead the meeting tomorrow.
A. Neither
B. Both of
C. Neither of
D. Every
10. The witnesses saw that most of the fire in the hills were extinguished.
A B C D
KUNCI JAWABAN 3
1. Kunci A
Lihat Rumus di materi atas.
Yaitu : Predikat mengikuti subject kedua.
2. Kunci C
A number of = dianggap jamak,
Must be digunakan karena kalimat bermakna Pasif
3. Kunci D
Information = benda yang tidak dapat dibitung. Jadi, tidak boleh menggunakan ‘a’ atau ‘an’ . a piece boleh
digunakan, tetapi harus ada OF sebelum kata information. Several dipakai hanya untuk “countable noun”
4. Kunci C
Subject kalimat tunggal, maka predikat tunggal juga (kata kerja dengan ‘’s/es’’)
5. Kunci B
Karena Scientists and doctors adalah jamak, maka ‘are’ seharusnya ‘is’
6. Kunci B
The woman = bentuk tunggal
Maka “who are” seharusnya “who is”
7. Kunci A
Lihat materi tentang “with”
Predikat mengikuti Subject pertama.
Karena The man tunggal, maka Predikat tunggal pula
8. Kunci D
Food = Uncountable (benda tak bisa dihitung) dan di anggap tunggal
Maka gunakan predikat tunggal pula “has been”
9. Kunci C
tobe dalam soal adalah IS. Karena itu both of tidak digunakan karena mengandung makna jamak. Neither of
adalah jawabannya karena maknanya tunggal.
10. Kunci D
Were harus diganti menjadi was, karena subjeknya adalah most of the fire(Uncountable)
BAB 4
*PARALLELISM
Adalah kesesuaian antara kata-kata / unsur kalimat dalam sebuah kalimat.
1. Parallel Structure with Coordinate Conjunction ( and , but , also )

Contoh :
♦ I love traveling and to smoke (Salah - tidak parallel)
♦ I love traveling and smoking ( Benar – parallel )
♦ I love to travel and to smoke. ( Benar – parallel )
♦ Terry likes swimming or to dive. (Salah - tidak parallel)
♦ Terry likes swimming or diving. (Benar - parallel)
♦ Terry likes to swim or to dive. (Benar - parallel)
2. Parallel Structure with Paired Conjunction.
( both …and ;either …or ;neither …nor ; not only … but also )
Contoh :
♦ Oloan wants either to enter AKABRI or to enter AKPOL ( Benar – parallel )
♦ Oloan wants to enter either AKABRI or AKPOL ( Benar – parallel )
♦ Oloan wants to either enter AKABRI or enter AKPOL ( Benar – parallel )
3. Parallel with Comparison
Comparison yang digunakan sebagai pembanding, apa yang di bandingkan harus parallel.
Contoh :
♦ My house is bigger then your house
♦ His book is as expensive as his pen
CONTOH SOAL :
1. Pranadjaja contributed a great deal to Indonesian music by …
A. singing, teaching, and lecturing
B. singing, as a teacher, and lecturer
C. singing, a teacher, and lecturing
D. singing, teaching, and as a lecturer
(USM STAN 2003 : 170)
Kunci : A
Penyelesaian :
Kesetaraan , yaitu dalam bentuk Gerund (ing)
2. A cloud is a dense mass of…… water vapor or rice particles.

A. Or
B. Whether
C. Both
D. Either
(USM STAN 2004 : 162)
Kunci : D
Penyelesaian :
Lihat “or”, maka pasangannya adalah Either
Sedangkan neither pasangannya “nor”
3. Ms. Efidrew is a noted programmer ….

a. as well as an effective teacher
b. and too a very efficient teacher
c. but he teaches very good in addition
d. however he teach very good also
(USM STAN 2008 : 168)
Kunci : A
Penyelesaian :
As well as digunakan ketika kita ingin menyatakan dua hal yang parallel dalam satu kalimat.
Contoh :
I like reading as well writing
Rika plans to buy computer, as well as Tomi.
1. Smoking causes disadvantages to health, welfare and …….

A. environmental
B. environmentally
C. environment
D. environmentness
2. A good student should review the lesson he gets from school, read a lot of books, and ….. a notes in class.
A. taking
B. was take
C. take
D. will take
3. The same symptoms that occur …… occur with cocaine.
A. amphetamines can
B. with amphetamines can
C. so amphetamines
D. with amphetamines they
4. In 1900 electricity powered cars were more polular than gasoline powered cars because they were quite,
operated smoothly, and …..
A. handled easily
B. ease of handling
C. handling easily
D. easy to handle
5. Success in fencing requires not only skill and balance but also mental alertness and concentrate.
A B C D
6. The complicated work needs both ………………. .
A. persistence and patient
B. persistently and patience
C. persistence and patiently
D. persistence and patience
KUNCI JAWABAN 4
1. Kunci C
Kata sebelum dan sesudah “ and “ harus parallel. Sebelum ‘and’ yaitu “welfare (Noun)”. Maka sesudah and juga
harus Noun (environment).
2. Kunci C
,___A___ , ___B ____ , and ____ C ____
A, B, dan C haruslah parallel dan dalam bentuk dan jenis yang sama.
3. Kunci B
The same symptoms that occur with amphetamines can occur with cocaine.
Perhatikan kesejajaran antara kedua frase yang digarisbawahi.
4. Kunci A
Sebelum dan sesudah “and” harus setara
operated smoothly setara dengan handled easily
5. Kunci D
Alertness and concentration
A B
6. Kunci D
Noun and Noun
BAB 5
*MODAL
Adalah kata kerja bantu ( Auxiliary Verb ) yang member tambahan arti pada kalimat.
Present Past Arti/Makna
♣ Modal perfective ♣
Can Could Dapat, bisa, mungkin Must + have + V3 = pasti sudah
May Might Boleh, mungkin Should + have + V3 = seharusnya sudah
Must Had to Harus, perlu Could + have + V3 = seharusnya bisa
Will Would Akan, mau Might + have + V3 = mungkin sudah
Shall should
Can’t + have + V3 = tak mungkin sudah
Should (sugesti) Seharusnya, sebaiknya
Had better
Dan semua Modal diatas diikuti Oleh : Kata dasa (V1 tanpa s/es)
CONTOH SOAL :
1. She went to the office by taxi, but she … by bus Penyelesaian :
A. might of gone Hanya “are to” = “harus” yang sesuai untuk
B. should gone mengisi jawaban yang tepat.
C. could have gone Tobe (is, are, was, were) + to = harus
D. ought have gone 4. Before the construction of Panama Canal, ships
(USM STAN 2003 : 172) … around the tip of South America to get
Kunci : C Pacific Ocean from Atlantic Ocean.
Penyelesaian : a. should have travelled
Could + have + V3 = seharusnya bisa b. must have travelled
c. had to travel
2. Mom and Dad just left for the airport twenty d. have traveled
minutes ago, so they ____there yet. (USM STAN 2008 : 175)
A. can‘t have gotten Kunci : C
B. shouldn‘t have gotten Penyelesaian :
C. had better have gotten “had to” = “harus” , yang digunakan untuk
D. could have gotten masa lampau. “Must” digunakan untuk masa
(USM STAN 2003 : 175) sekarang.
Kunci : A 5. X : Our cargoes are not ready yet, Sir.
Penyelesaian : Y : Well, I think … contact our costumer to ask
Pola yang cocok : can’t + have + V3 = tak mungkin for some extra time.
sudah A. will
B. might
3. All students ____report to examination hall in C. should
July 30 for the final exam. D. used to
A. might (USM STAN 2010 : 145)
B. need Kunci : C
C. could Penyelesaian :
D. are to Should = seharusnya
(USM STAN 2005 : 174)
Kunci : D
Kisi-Kisi “MATERI B. INGGRIS USM STAN
2012/2013”
1. We …. Finish our lunch before going back B. must have left

to school. C. must left
A. have better to D. should have left
B. better to 7. I could have gone to Bali last year. It
C. should means ….
D. should be better A. I have gone to bali
2. You …… me, because I didn’t say that. B. I don’t go to Bali
A. must misunderstand C. I didn’t go to Bali
B. must be misunderstanding D. I had gone to Bali
C. must have misunderstood 8. The lawn is wet. It …… last night.
D. had to misunderstand A. should have rained
3. Now remember, you ……. Test until the B. must have rained
teacher tells you. C. has rained
A. are not starting D. will have rained
B. are not to start 9. Peter ………all the beer yesterday.
C. haven’t started A. should not drink
D. must have to start B. should not have drunk
4. last night Romeo suddenly became ill. We C. must not drink
…… call the doctor at that time. D. must not be drinking
A. have to 10. I am afraid I can’t come tonigh. I ……..late.
B. must A. should have worked
C. had to B. have to work
D. has to C. had to work
5. Mario told me a lot about China, she …. D. might have worked
there along time. 11. He ….. be from Spain. He doesn’t speak
A. musti have lived Spanish.
B. might have lived A. must
C. should have lived B. can’t
D. ought to live C. won’t
6. My uncle wants to go home, but he D. doesn’t have to
missed the bus. He ….. earlier
A. should left
2012/2013”
KUNCI JAWABAN 5
1. Kunci C
Should diikuti oleh kata kerja dasar. Lihat kata kerja dalam soal (finish).
2. Kunci C
Must + have + V3” hanya pola ini lah yang benar
3. Kunci B
Are to artinya harus.
Are not to artinya jangan/ tak harus
4. Kunci C
Modal yang digunakan pada masa lampau dengan arti “harus” adalah “had to”
5. Kunci A
Kalimat yang sesuai adalah “pasti telah” = ”must+have+V3”
6. Kunci D
Should + have + V3 = seharusnya telah
7. Kunci C
I could have gone to Bali last year = aku seharusnya bisa pergi ke Bali tahun lalu
Maka kesimpulan yang logis : I didn’t go to Bali=aku tidak pergi ke bali
8. Kunci B
Must + have3 = pasti telah. Digunakan untuk menyatakan kepastian/digunakan pada waktu lampau
9. Kunci B
Konteks kejadian adalah past tense (yesterday). Jadi, yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kejadian
yang seharusnya tidak dilakukan di masa lalu adalah should not have + Verb 3
10. Kunci B
Lihat keterangan waktu (tonight). Itu menandakan bahwa kejadian terjadi di masa datang. Jawaban A,
C dan D salah karena ketiga pilihan itu digunakan untuk konteks lewat.
11. Kunci B
“Can’t be” bisa bermakna tidak mungkin.
2012/2013”
BAB 6
*PREPOSITION
Preposition (Kata Depan) adalah kata yang tidak dapat berubah bentuknya dan biasanya di
letakkan di depan kata benda atau padanan kata benda lainnya (objek) yang bertujuan
untuk menunjukkan hubungannya tertentu dengan kata-kata lain dalam kalimat.
♦ Di bawah ini adalah contoh Kata Depan (Preposition) ♦

above, about, across, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath,
beside, between, beyond, by, down, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near,
of, off, on, since, to, toward, through, under, until, up, upon, with, within.
Contoh:
• It is a container for butter.
(Preposition "for" menunjukkan hubungan antara "butter" dan "container".)
• The eagle soared above the clouds.
BENTUK PREPOSITION
Bentuk-bentuk Kata Depan adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Simple Preposition (Kata Depan Tunggal)

• after, at, by, for, from, of, over, on, in, through, to, off, till, under, up, with, dsb
2. Double Preposition (Kata Depan Ganda)
• into, onto, from under, from among, from off, from within, over against, dsb
3. Compund Preposition (Kata Depan Majemuk)
• across (on cross), along (on long), behind (by hind), about (on by out), above (on by
up), before (by fore), beneath (by neath), beside (by side), between (by twain),
beyond (by yonder), but (by out except), within (with in), without (with out), dsb
4. Participal Preposition (Kata Depan Partisif)
• pending, during, notwithstanding, past, except, considering, concerning, regarding,
dsb
5. Prepositional Phrase (Frase Kata Depan)
• because of, by means of, in behalf of, in front of, in view of, by reason of, with
respect to, with regard to, aith relation to, on behalf of, in spite of, dsb.
6. Disguised Preposition (Kata Depan Tersembunyi)
• three o'clock (three of clock)
• Jack o'lantern (Jack of the lantern)
2012/2013”
• He has gone a-hunting (on hunting)
PREPOSITION DI AKHIR KALIMAT
Hindari meletakkan sebuah kata depan di akhir kalimat.Karena kata depan sebaiknya di
depan kata benda
Contoh:
• That is a situation I have not thought of. (SALAH)
• She is a person I cannot cope with. (SALAH)
• It is behaviour I will not put up with. (SALAH)
Kalau Anda terbentur pada posisi kata depan yang menurut Anda harus diletakkan di akhir
kalimat, maka pindahkan posisinya pada tempat yang tepat dan tidak merubah makna
kalimat yang ingin Anda sampaikan.
Contoh:
• That is a situation of which I have not thought.
• She is a person with whom I cannot cope.
• It is behaviour up with which I will not put.
Namun cara yang terbaik adalah dengan mengganti kata agar tidak membingungkan
pembaca. Tapi perlu diingat, penggantian kata tersebut tidak merubah makna dan memiliki
arti yang sama dengan kata yang ingin kita gantikan. Perhatikan contoh berikut ini untuk
menggantikan contoh kalimat di atas.
Contoh:
• That is a situation I have not considered.
• It is behaviour I will not tolerate.
TIPS
PILIHAN ANDA
Kesimpulannya, jika Anda tidak dapat menemukan kata pengganti yang cocok untuk
menggantikan kata depan yang berada di akhir kalimat, maka Anda dapat memilihnya yaitu
tetap meletakkan kata depan tersebut di akhir kalimat, atau merubah susunan kata depan
tersebut. Kalimat pertama di bawah ini secara teknis tidak tepat karena kata depan berada
di akhir kalimat. Namun kalimat yang kedua kedengarannya agak aneh dan dapat
membingungkan pembaca.
• She is a person I cannot cope with.
• She is a person with whom I cannot cope.
Kebanyakan orang yang memahami masalah ini, mereka menggunakan kalimat yang
kedua. Tapi memang lebih baik jika kita dapat menggantikan kata tersebut dengan kata yang
2012/2013”
lain yang memiliki arti yang sama dan tidak akan merubah makna kalimat tersebut, lebih
baik menggantinya dengan kata lain yang lebih tepat agar lebih mudah dipahami pembaca.
APA YANG MENGIKUTI KATA DEPAN?
Kata setelah kata depan disebut sebagai "Object of the Preposition".

Contoh:
• The cat ran under the car.
(Kata "the car" adalah objek dari "under".)
• Can you give this parcel to him tomorrow?
(Kata "him" adalah objek dari "to".)
Kata Depan dapat juga berada di depan kata ganti (Pronouns) selain kata benda.
Contoh:
• Can you give the parcel to him?
• I went to the cinema with them.
Namun kata "whom" merupakan objective case dari "who", dan hal ini dapat
membingungkan pembaca.
Contoh:
• Andy saw the scouts, at least one of whom was armed, through the mist.
• Against whom did you protest if there was nobody present?
TIPS
WHOM SETELAH KATA DEPAN
Gunakan "whom" setelah kata depan
WHETHER SETELAH KATA DEPAN
"whether" dapat diletakkan setelah kata depan:
• A decision about whether the elections were legal is pending.

• Will you raise the question of whether we are investing in the system or
withdrawing?
TIPS Untuk penggunaan : ( in / on / at )
2012/2013”
a. Tempat ( in / on / at )
1. in digunakan untuk :
- Cakupan daerah yang luas ( in Bandung, in Padang )

- Posisi benda di dalam benda ( in the water, in the river, in the box )
2. On digunakan untuk :
- Cakupan menengah spt di sungai, pantai, jalan, pulau ( on the Kapuas
river, on the bali beach, on gatot subroto street )
- Benda berada diatas dan menempel
- Menunjukkan arah ( on the left, on the right, etc. )
3. At digunakan untuk :
- Alamat yang di ikuti dengan nomor ( at no. 12 Puri street, at no.34
surya street )
- Tempat belajar, stasiun, hiburan, restaurant dan bekerja ( at work, at
school )
b. Waktu ( in / on / at )
1. in digunakan untuk :
- rentang waktu yang cukup lama ( in December, in 1991 )
- menyatakan pagi, siang dan malam
- menyatakan bulan ( in July)
2. On digunakan untuk :
- Hari besar ( on Lebaran )
- Menyatakan tanggal, hari ( on December 1, 2010 , on Sunday )
3. At digunakan untuk :
- Menyebubutkan jam ( at seven o’clock )
PASANGAN PREPOSITION yang biasanya keluar di USM STAN

Figure + in
Similar + to
opposite + of
contrary + to
depend + on
committed + to
different + from
as a result + of
bored + with
succesfull + in
issue + on
Ket : pasangan preposition ini tak akan bisa digantikan dengan yang lain, bila
pasangannya berubah berarti preposition dianggap salah. Dan mutlatk harus
dihapal
2012/2013”
2012/2013”
CONTOH SOAL :
1. I try to figure out the answer of what the function of the organization is
A B C D
(USM STAN 2009 : 153)

Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
Figure in , bukan figure out
2. A heavy snowstorm began here early this morning, making the fields similar with midwinter.
A B C D
(USM STAN 2009 : 154)

Kunci : D
Penyelesaian :
Bukan similar with, tapi similar to
3. Opposite with the Gambir Station, you will find the old “Monas Square” and the statue of R.A. Kartini.
A B C D
(USM STAN 2009 : 159)

Kunci : A
Penyelesaian :
Bukan opposite with, tapi opposite of
4. Many people in that hotel were frightened … the bombing threat issued by the terrorists.
A. off
B. by
C. at
D. with
(USM STAN
2009 : 159)
Kunci : D
Penyelesaian :
Preposition yang sesuai yaitu with = dengan
2012/2013”
1. Contrary with what had previously been reported, the conditions between Libya and Chad arranged
by The
A B C
United Nations have not yet been revealed
D
2. More murders are reported …. December in the United States than during any other month.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. for
3. We flew from Medan ….. 9.45 Lion air which was scheduled to arrived at 11.45 WIB in Jakarta.
A. in the
B. on the
C. by the
D. by
4. The issue …….. child labor tends to divide South Asian economists.
A. Over
B. About
C. On
D. Of
5. Color blindness may exist at birth or may occur later in life as a result for disease or injury.
A B C D
6. Bored of his job, he made an appointment to see an advisor at the counseling.

A B C D
7. My father arrived here from Bandung on nine a.m. a couple of days ago and he will return to Bandung
A B C D
next Saturday.
8. He told me that his hobby was similar to mine but different than my brother’s
A B C D
2012/2013”
KUNCI JAWABAN 6
1. Kunci A
Contrary + to (lihat pada table)
2. Kunci B
In menyatakan bulan (lihat materi tentang on, in, at)
3. Kunci C
Preposition yang sesuai untuk kata benda train adalah by
4. Kunci C
Issue + On
5. Kunci D
as a result + of (lihat pada table)
6. Kunci A
Bored + with
7. Kunci B
ON harus diubah menjadi AT karena ON tidak digunakan untuk jam
8. Kunci C
different tidak diikuti THAN tetapi FROM
2012/2013”
BAB 7
*INFINITIVE & GERUND
A. to infinitive / to V1
Merupakan kata kerja dasar ( verb ) dengan mendapat awalan ‘ to ’.
♦ to infinitive digunakan
1. Untuk menyatakan tujuan dari suatu kegiatan.
Contoh :
I wrong to see what you do.
I came to invite you
2. Setelah kata sifat
Contoh :
he was happy to wait
he was angry to see them
3. Setelah kata tanya/question word
Contoh :
I do not want you to go
I don’t know where to go
4. Setelah kata kerja berikut :
Agree deserve mean tend
Afford desire need teach
Appear effort offer try
Arrange expect plan threaten
Attempt fail pretend warn
Claim forget prepare want + to v1
Consent hesitate refuse wish
Choose hope seem would like
Demand happed struggle
Dare learn strive
Deside manage suppose
Contoh :
Iam learning to speak English
He seems to hate you
Ask force tell
Advise invite urge
Authorize instruct wonder
Beg motivate support
be seech order remind + Object + to V1
compel persuade reguest
command promise forbid
enable encourage
Contoh :
He allows them to enter his house.
V Object to V1
B. Bare infinitive / V1
Digunakan :
1. Setelah modal : (can,could, may, might, must,hat to, will, would, shall, should,etc )
Contoh :
he will invite you to go
they can do it
he must go to pharmacies
2. Setelah kata kerja tertentu :
Would rather
Let
Had better + V1
Make
Help +Object + V1
Have + V1
Help + Object
+Object + V1
Contoh :
Her mother let her go
Sinta helps her mother wash
I would rather go there.
3. Setelah kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan INDRA
Listen Smell V1 ( kegiatan yg sengaja

Watch See + Object dilakukan )
Observe +O bject++VV11
+Object Hear
Notice V
V-ing ( kegiatan yg tidak
ing ( kegiatan yg tidak
sengaja dilakukan )
sengaja dilakukan )
Contoh :
students listening to teachers teach
I hear him open the window
I hear him opening the window.
**GERUND
Adalah kata kerja yang dibendakan dalam bentuk V-ing atau perubahan kata kerja (Verb) menjadi kata benda (Noun)
1. Sebagai subject
Contoh :
Swimming is good service
Studying needs time and patience.
Reading English is easier than speaking it.
Reading French is easier than speaking it or
2. Sebagai Object
a. Setelah kata kerja tertentu
Admit deny practice
Avoid enjoy resist
Appreciate fancy regret
Abhor finish risk
Acknowledge imagine recall + V-ing
Complete involve miss
Consider keep
Delay mind
Contoh :
I enjoy reading newspaper
Rambo and oloan hope to delay visiting the school.
Look forward to object to

Confess to tobe used to
Be accustomed to be interested in
Can’t help devote to
+ V-ing
Advance to dedicate to
Key to
Contoh :
He objected to inviting you to go to the movie.
Start begin
Like hate
+ V-ing
Prefer continue
Remember forget
Love stop
Can’t stand
+ to + V1
Contoh :
I hate arguing.
She likes dancing.
a. Setelah preposition => ( on, in, at, off, of, from, after, before, for, about, by, with, without,
between, among, etc )
Contoh :
He is tired of gambling.
I am fond of eating bakso.
They are good at telling funny stories.
In sleeping I met you in the park.
b. Setelah possessive
My, out, your, his,
her, its, their,……’s
+ V-ing
Contoh :
Thank you for your coming
Zainuddin doesn’t like his girlfriend’s coming to the party.
CONTOH SOAL :
1. Susan decides … that she has committed a (USM STAN 2009 : 136)
crime. Kunci : A
A. confess Penyelesaian :
B. confessing Continue +Ving (lihat pada table Gerund diatas)
C. confessed
D. to confess
4. Prima’s father is looking forward to … the
(USM STAN 2010 : 132)
Kunci : D premiere of “Garuda di Dadaku.”
Penyelesaian : A. Attend
Decide + to V1 (lihat pada table infinitive B. Attending
diatas) C. Attended
D. Attends
2. The patient should avoid … cosmetics during (USM STAN 2009 : 147)
the skin recovery. Kunci : B
A. to wear
Penyelesaian :
B. wearing
Look forward to + Ving (lihat pada table
C. to wearing
Gerund diatas)
D. wear
(USM STAN 2010 : 144) 5. You … unplug the toaster before you try to
Kunci : B clean it.
Penyelesaian : A. Have better to
Avoid + Ving (lihat pada table Gerund diatas) B. Better to
C. Had better
3. After attending the wedding party, Dona
D. Should be better
continued … the meal and having dinner with (USM STAN 2009 : 123)
her family. Kunci : C
A. Heating Penyelesaian :
B. To heat Karena unplug termasuk V1, maka gunakan
C. Heat Would rather/ had better + V1
D. Heats
6. Would you mind …, please? 8. After … an investigation for alleged tax
A. to pass the sugar violations, Spiro Agnew resigned the vice -
B. passing the sugar presidency in 1973.
C. to pass me the sugar A. to undergo C. Undergoing
D. pass me the sugar B. been undergone D. Underwent
(USM STAN 2008 : 162) (USM STAN 2007 : 163)
Kunci : B Kunci : C
Penyelesaian : Penyelesaian :
Mind + Ving (lihat pada table Gerund diatas) After termasuk preposition, dan preposition
harus diikuti Gerund (V-ing)
7. The environtmental group hopes … the forest
to its original condition by the end of the 9. Armansyah seems … the point you were
decade. making.
A. having restored A. misunderstanding
B. to restore B. having misunderstood
C. to be restored C. to have misunderstood
D. to have been restored D. misunderstood
(USM STAN 2008 : 169) (USM STAN 2006 : 170)
Kunci : B Kunci : C
Penyelesaian : Penyelesaian :
Hope + to V1 (lihat pada table infinitive diatas) Seem + to V1 (lihat pada table
infinitive diatas)
1. After re-checking his schedule. Budi decided …. The TOEFL course.

A. don’t take
B. doesn’t take
C. to not take
D. not to take
2. As soon as the taxi gets here , we can leaving for the airport.
A B C D
3. Your father ….. in the speech contest.
A. wants you participate
B. insists on your participating
C. gets you participate
D. expects you to participating
4. The new employees are furious …. The news about their delayed salary.
A. receiving
B. received
C. to receive
D. receive
5. You had better …… your party because you can see that he keeps coming despite the heavy rain.
A. to appreciate him attending to
B. appreciates him to come to
C. appreciate his attending
D. appreciate him to have attended
6. I had been searching gor my brother every where, and finally I found him …. In the garage.
A. slept
B. was sleeping
C. is sleeping
D. sleeping
7. Alumunium is used in construction because although it is light it can hold up to ninety pounds of pressure per
square inch without …..
A. of crack C. cracking
B. to crack D. it will crack
8. A crescent wrench has been adjustable for …. A nut, bolt or pipe.
A. to grip C. gripped
B. they grip D. gripping
9. iam looking forward …. On my holyday.
A. going to my grandma’s house in karanganyar
B. to going to my grandma’s house in karanganyar
C. go to my grandma’s house in karanganyar
D. goes to my grandma’s house in karanganyar
10. …… coming late to the classroom makes all of his friends surprised.
A. He is not C. not his
B. His not D. his having
KUNCI JAWABAN 7
1. Kunci D
Decide + to V1
2. Kunci D
Can (modal) selalu di ikuti V1
Leaving menjadi leave
3. Kunci B
Pilihan A, C dan D adalah kata-kata kerja yang harus diikuti oleh to V1. Pilihan B benar karena On adalah
preposisi yang harus diikuti oleh gerund dan diantara preposisi dan gerund adalah possessive adjective.
4. Kunci C
Furious adalah adjective, dan salah satu fungsi to V1 adalah terletak setelah adjective. Misal, Iam happy TO SEE
you here now.
5. Kunci C
Had better harus diikuti oleh V1 dan appreciate harus diikuti oleh gerund.
6. Kunci D
Setelah kat find, catch, leave + O + V-ing
7. Kunci C
Preposition “without” + Gerund
8. Kunci D
Preposition FOR + Gerund
9. Kunci B
Look forward + Gerund (lihat materi)
10. Kunci B
bila subject adalah kata kerja, maka ia adalah Gerund. Dan didepan Gerung harus possessive adjective.
* CONDITIONAL,
BAB 8 ** SUBJUNCTIVE &
*** APPOSITIVE
* CONDITIONAL
Adalah bentuk kalimat pengandaian.
A. POLA CONDITIONAL
1. Future Conditional ( Type I )
Pengandaian yang mungkin terjadi pada waktu mendatang.
Rumus :
Shall
Will
If + Subject 1 + present( V1 ) + Subject 2 + Can + Verb 1 / be
May
must
Contoh :
If you come with me for ajoyride tonight, you will have agreat fun.
She will come to your house if it doesn’t rain.
2. Present Conditional ( type II )

Pengandaian masa sekarang yang bertentangan dengan apa yang terjadi.
Rumus :
Should
If + Subject 1 + simple past ( V2/were ) + Subject 2 + Would + Verb 1 / be
Could
might
Contoh :
She would tell you about it if he were here
If I had time , I would go to the beach with you this weekend.
3. Past Conditional ( Type III )

Pengandaian masa lampau yang bertentangan dengan apa yang telah terjadi.
Rumus :
If + Subject 1 + past perfect ( had + V3/been ) + Subject 2 + + have V3/been
Should
Would
Could
might
Contoh :
They would not have lost our bag if they had lwft it in the hotel
.
** SUBJUNCTIVE
Adalah bentuk kalimat yang mempunyai arti pengharapan yang tidak terwujud ataupun kenyataan yang
bertentangan dengan apa yang seseungguhnya ada.
1. Subjunctive – present tense
Wish
As if + were
As though
Would rather
If only +
It’s (high) time
Suppose + V2
Would to got
Ex :
a. Sinta wishes she were a student again.
b. jojo as if she entered the prestigious university.
2. Subjunctive-past tense
Wish
As if
As though
Would rather
If only + S + had + V3 / been
It’s (high) time
Suppose
Would to got
Ex :
a. Sinta wishes she had been a student again.
b. I wish I had lived there then.
c. If only I had lived there then.
3. Subjunctive – future tense

Wish
As if
As though
Would rather
If only
It’s (high) time
+ S + would + V1
4. Subjunctive + that + Bare Infinitive (V1/ be)
Mandatory Necessary
Advise Obligatory
Allow Persuade
Ask Propose
Command Prefer

Decree
Demand
Recommant + that + V1 / be
Request
Contoh :
Essential Require
Play, walk
Imperative Stipulate
Important Suggest
Insist urge
Insistence
*** APPOSITIVE
Adalah keterangan tambahan terhadap subject, object noun atau pronoun. Bisa terletak diawal,
ditengah atau diujung kalimat tergantung kepada benda yang diterangkannya.
Contoh :
The car, a green Honda ,was badly damaged
Subjek Predikat
Biasanya diawali oleh

♦ Ving (active)
♦ V3 (passive)
♦ a/an
♦ the
♦ one of
Dan tak dalam appositive tak boleh ada :

♦ predikat (is,are,was, etc )
♦ Subjeck (she,he,i)
♦ which/who
♦ that
CONTOH SOAL :
1. You … the job if you were not late to the (USM STAN 2008 : 173)
interview. Kunci : D
A. would get Penyelesaian :
B. would be gotten Lihat materi “Subjuctive + that + V1/be”
C. would have gotten Yaitu : essential + that + V1/be
D. would have been gotten
(USM STAN 2010 : 133) 5. Mars , ….… , has two satellites.
Kunci : A A. which the fourth planet from the sun
Penyelesaian : B. it is the fourth planet from the sun
Conditional type 2 : C. the fourth planet from the sun
If + were/V2 diikuti Subjek + would + V1 D. is the fourth planet of the sun
(Lihat materi Conditional) (USM STAN
2. If the students … late to submit the scholarship 2010: 138)
application to the board, they will not be Kunci : C
listed as Candidates. Penyelesaian :
Merupakan kalimat appositive, yaitu
A. Be
keterangan tambahan yang diapit antara
B. Are
Subjek dan Predikat dengan “koma”
C. Were Sesuai materi :
D. Have Apositive Biasanya diawali oleh
(USM STAN 2009 : 142) ♦ Ving (active)
Kunci : A ♦ V3 (passive)
Penyelesaian : ♦ a/an
Conditional type 1 : ♦ the
If + tobe/ V1(s/es) diikuti Subjek + will + V1 ♦ one of
(Lihat materi Conditional) Dan tak dalam appositive tak boleh ada :
3. The class teacher insists that the students … ♦ predikat (is,are,was, etc )
the assignment on time. ♦ which/who
A. hand in 6. The insect, … , bit my brother’s arm last night.
B. handed in
A. A big spider with hairy legs
C. to hand in
B. It is a big spider with hairy legs
D. handing in
(USM STAN 2010 : 137) C. A big spider which with hairy legs
Kunci : A D. Which’s a big hairy-legged spider
Penyelesaian : (USM STAN 2009: 135)
Lihat materi “Subjuctive + that + V1” Kunci : A
Yaitu : insist + that + hand Penyelesaian :
4. In the view of the STAN lecturer‘s union, it is Merupakan kalimat appositive, yaitu
essential that discipline … maintained in the keterangan tambahan yang diapit antara
classroom. Subjek dan Predikat dengan “koma”
A. is to be C. was Sesuai materi :
B. is D. be
1. If you hadn’t been careful in driving car, we …. an accident

A. could have
B. can have
C. could have got
D. have
2. If you brought the refrigerator to the service center, it ….
A. would be repaired
B. would repair
C. had repaired
D. will repair
3. The family wouldn’t have been very desperate if one of their children …. Involved in drugs.
A. is not
B. were not
C. hadn’t been
D. was not
4. I wish that we …. With my brother when flies to England next week
A. could go
B. had gone
C. will go
D. are going
5. Al’s doctor insists …. For a few days.
A. that he is resting
B. his resting
C. him to rest
D. that he rest
6. Often times, people boast as though they ….. human right.
A. Honour C. had hanaured
B. Honoured D. have honoured
7. it is necessary that STAN students ….. industrious and creative.
A. Is C. be
B. Are D. were
8. Nur Mahmudi Ismail, …….. president of Justice Party (PK), is the major of Depok city now.
A. the first
B. to be the first
C. was the first
D. as the first
9. The wedding ring, is made of yellow and white gold, is very expensive.
A B C D
10. The prisoner, ……… by guards , walked calmly to his execution

A. was surrounded
B. who surrounded
C. surrounded
D. he was surrounded
KUNCI JAWABAN 8
1. Kunci C
Conditional type 3 :
If + S + had + V3/been, S + could + V3
2. Kunci A
Conditional Type 2 :
If + S + V2/were, S + would + V1
3. Kunci C
Conditional Type 3
If + S + had + V3/been, S + would + have
4. Kunci A
Konteks kalimat dalam present (Subjunctive – future tense)
(lihat materi subjunctive-future tense)
Wish + S + could/would +V1
5. Kunci D
Subjunctive-that
“insist + that + V1 / be “
6. Kunci B
Often times menunjukkan “present”
Maka gunakan subjunctive-Present
as though + S + V2/were
7. Kunci C
Subjunctive that :
Necessary + that + V1/be
8. Kunci A
Syarat appositives : tak boleh ada S + P, tdak boleh ada That, dll….
9. Kunci B
Ingat !!! dalam kalimat appositive tak boleh ada Subject/Predikat
Is, are, am = adalah Predikat
10. Kunci C
Sesuai ketentuan kalimat appositive (lihat di materi)
BAB 9 *CLAUSE
CLAUSE : NOUN, ADJECTIVE, ADVERB
A. NOUN CLAUSE
Adalah anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda
1. Dibentuk dari : ( tanpa tanda ‘ ? ‘ )
what
who + P atau S + P
which
where
when
why S+P
whether
that
2. Penggunaan :
a. Sebagai subject,
Yang terletak di awal kalimat
Contoh :
What you said is not true
That my husband has come pleases me.
b. Sebagai Object,
Terletak setelah kata kerja
Contoh :
She replied that she would come soon.
I often wonder how you are getting on.
c. Sebagai komplemen/pelengkap
Terletak setelah to be atau berfungsi sebagai pelengkap keterangan
Contoh :
That is what you said.
The captain will be whoeverflights best.
B. ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
Adalah klausa yang memiliki fungsi untuk member penjelasan pada suatu kata benda, dalam
bahasa Indonesia yang berarti “ yang “
Rumus :
Who + Predicate
Whom + ( Subject + Predicate )
Whose + Noun
♣ untuk orang +
That (alternative lain ) + Subject + Predicate
Predicate
Contoh :
The women who lived nextdoor to us lost her money
There is a woman whom I saw.
This is the man whose son is my close friend
Which + Subject + Predicate

Predicate
♣ untuk benda/binatang + Whose + Noun
That (alternative lain ) + Subject + Predicate
Predicate
Contoh :
The house which she rode was brown.
The horse that I live in belongs to my uncle.
Of which (untuk benda/binatang )

Menggantikan “ whose “
Contoh :
1. The house whose doors are broken isn’t mine
■ Whose + Noun
2. The house, the doors of which broken, isn’t mine
■
Noun + Of whice
C. ADVERB CLAUSE
Adalah anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai kata keterangan.
1. Cause ( reason)
Untuk menerangkan alas an.( karena )
♦ because => + S + P , yg terletak di tengah kalimat
♦ since
♦ as
♦ seeing that + Subject + Predicate ( biasanya terletak di awal kalimat )
♦ now that
Contoh :
- I ran because I was late.
- Now that she was not here.
- Since I believe her story, I shall have her.
- As Susan was her here, I will ask her to take the message.
2. Result
Untuk menerangkan hasil dari suatu kegiatan.
♦ consequently / so / hence / thus / therefore => oleh karena itu/jadi
♦ contoh :
So + Adjective/Adverb + that
- My father worked so hard that he was tired
atau
- He was so busy that I had to go alone
So + ( Adjective + a/an + Noun ) + that
Such + Noun + that ♦ contoh :

atau - He is such polite girl that every body.
Such + ( a/an + Adjective + Noun ) + that - I bought such a good book that I learn
English well
3. Purpose
Untuk menerangkan tujuan dengan arti : agar/supaya
♦ so that
♦ in order that / in order to
Contoh :
- We plant seed so that we can reap crops.
- I always learn my lessons in order that I can pass the examination.
4. Concession
Untuk menunjukkan pertentangan
♦ however, nevertheless, whereas, still
+ Subject + Predicate
♦ although, even though
♦ on the other hand, but, yet
♦ While
Contoh :
- He went although it was raining
- Even though it is raining I shall come.
- However the river is, she can swim across it
5. Place
Untuk menerangkan tempat
♦ where ♦ whence
♦ wherever ♦ whether
CONTOH SOAL :
1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child … he or she wants.
A. whatever that C. whatever
B. whatever is it D. that
(USM STAN 2006 : 167)
Kunci : D
Penyelesaian :
Noun Clause : that + S + P
2. Coral reefs areas … small fish live and take shelter are damages now.
A. Which
B. Of whose
C. In where
D. In which
(USM STAN 2009 : 122)
Kunci : D
Penyelesaian :
“in which” = where (dimana)
3. The patient who the physician diagnosed with cancer left suddenly
A B C D
(USM STAN 2009 : 158)
Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
Seharusnya “whose”yang diikuti Noun
Who diikuti Predikat
4. The consultant‘s duty to keep up to date with developments in his spesialization … effort, to ensure that
his knowledge remains at the leading edge of what is going on.
A. meaning that he should make the
B. mean that he should make all
C. means whom he should make every
D. means that he should make every
(USM STAN 2006 : 167)
Kunci : D
Penyelesaian :
Subjek dalam kalimat ini adalah consultant‘s duty yang merupakan subjek ketiga tunggal. Jawaban C salah
karena whom
menggantikan objek klausa utama. Contoh penggunaan whom: She is the woman whom we all respect.
5. She has … many books that she needs more room to keep them.
A. such a
B. such
C. so a
D. so
(USM STAN 2010 : 124)
Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
Such + Noun + that
6. … the global economy crisis, many labors lost their job.
A. Because of
B. Because
C. Despite of
D. In spite of
(USM STAN 2010 : 135)
Kunci : A
Penyelesaian :
Because of + Noun ; Because + Subject
1. I didn’t hear ….. when he gaves us the 8. bob couldn’t accomplish his study in eight
assignment. semesters, …….., he wouldn’t have been
A. what the professor says entitled to the scholarship for the further
B. that the professor said study.
C. what the professor said A. otherwise
D. which the professor says B. nevertheless
2. I oftern wonder …… nowadays C. so that
A. why honesty is really hard to find D. consequently
B. why does honesty really hard to fing 9. Many children could not go to school …….
C. why honesty really hard to fing Economic reasons and distance between their
D. why has honesty been really hard to find homes and schools.
3. …… will be carried in the next space shuttle A. Since
payload has not been announced to the public. B. Because
A. It C. In addition to
B. What D. Because of
C. When 10. ……..the light rain, the baseball game will not
D. That be cancelled unless the other team concedes.
4. Do you think ………………..? A. Despite of C. In spite
A. does he know what he wants B. Despite in D. Despite
B. he knows what he wants 11. ……….the contest makes his parents very proud
C. he knows what does he want of her.
D. what he wants he knows A. When the girl has won
5. Mr. Halliday’s ID card, …….you found B. That the girl has won
yesterday, is in the filling cabinet. C. The girl has won
A. who D. When has the girl won
B. whom 12. He has a lot of great novels, ……..are very
C. of which inspiring.
D. which A. some of them
6. author Edith Wharton thoroughly understood B. which of some
the society …. C. some of whom
A. she had grown up D. some of which
B. which had she grown up 13. Can you please tell me …..?
C. in which she had grown up A. what time the next bus arrives
D. she had grown up B. what time arrives the next bus arrive
7. ……… jean always attends classes, she is always C. what time time does the next bus arrive
one of the best students in class. D. what the next bus time arrives
A. whenever 14. Do you know the lecturer ……only son
B. since continues his study to Oxford University ?
C. because of A. whom
D. although B. whose
C. who
D. which B. What
15. ………..my brother does on his spare time is not C. Whether
your business D. whom
A. That
KUNCI JAWABAN 9
1. Kunci C
Noun clause : what + S + P
2. Kunci A
Noun claus : why + S + P
3. Kunci B
Kata Tanya “what” paling tepat untuk melengkapi subjek kalimat.
4. Kunci B
Noun clause : What + S + P
“what he wants”
5. Kunci D
Which = untuk benda, dan diikuti oleh Subjek/Subjek+Predikat
6. Kunci C
Adjective clause yang dipakai untuk menghubungkan tempat adalah where/ in, on, at which
7. Kunci B
Ingat !!! because, as, since, for dapat juga berarti karena
Because of salah karena harus diikuti Noun
8. Kunci D
Sebab akibat “consequently”
9. Kunci D
Economic = adalah Noun
Dan pasti diikuti “Because of”
10. Kunci D
Inspite of + V-ing
Despite + noun
11. Kunci B
That the girl has won the contest adalah Noun Clause yang bertindak sebagai SUBJEK dan diikuti oleh predicate
tunggal (makes)
12. Kunci D
He has a lot of great novels, SOME of which (yang sebagiannya) are very inspiring. Some of which mengacu ke
novels.
13. Kunci A
What time the next bus arrives adalah noun clause yang bertindak sebagai objek.
14. Kunci B
WHOSE harus diikuti oleh NOUN + predicate
Whose only son ……. Only son adalah NOUN PHRASE yang bermakna putra satu-satunya
15. Kunci B
None Clause = What + S + P
WHAT my brother does on his spare time is not your business (APA yang saudara laki-lakiku kerjakan di waktu
luangnya bukanlah urusanmu)
BAB 10 * PREFERENCE &

** CAUSATIVE
* PREFERENCE
Preference merupakan ungkapan untuk menyatakan suatu pilihan kesukaan “ lebih suka …
daripada … “,
• Untuk membandingkan aktivitas / pekerjaan :
Subject + like + V-ing + better than + V-ing

Subject + Prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing
Subject + Would rather + infinitive + Than + infinitive
Subject + Would prefer + to infinitive + rather than + infinitive
• Untuk membandinakan benda :

Subject + like + Noun + better than + Noun
Subject + Prefer + Noun + to + Noun
Subject + Would rather + Have Noun + Than + Noun
Subject + Would prefer + Noun + rather than + Noun
** CAUSATIVE
Digunakan untuk myatakan suatu pekerjaan yang dikerjakan orang lain untuk “ subjek “ yang berarti = ‘
menyuruh / memrintah.
1. Active causative
have
Subject + Make + Object ( orang ) + Verb 1
let
Get
Subject + Ask + Object ( orang ) + to Verb 1
Order
Ex :
a. Sinta always has Jojo wash the car

Sinta always gets Jojo to wash the car
Sinta always makes Jojo wash the car
b. He will have a doctor treat his mother
He will ask a doctor to treat his mother
He will let a doctor treat his mother
2. Passive causative
Have
Subject + Make + Object ( benda ) + V3
Let
get
a. I have my car washed

I got my car washed
b. I let my book published
I made my book published
CONTOH SOAL :
1. We would rather study for the final exam tomorrow better than go shopping.
A B C D
(USM STAN 2010 : 154)
Kunci : C
Penyelesaian :
Lihat table preference : would rather pasangannya “than”
2. Abdul ……. continuing his education to the D. squeezing of

graduate Program to working in his family (USM STAN 2010 : 123)
business. Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
A. Likes
Causative passive : karena setelah
B. Would rather
“made/make” diikuti objek benda, dan
C. Had better diikuti V3
D. Prefers
(USM STAN 2009 : 149) 4. The guess made the bell boy … the luggage.
Kunci : D A. to bring
Penyelesaian : B. brought
C. brings
Pada kalimat terdapat “to” yg berpasangan
D. bring
dengan “Prefer” (Lihat table preference) (USM STAN 2010 : 140)
Kunci : D
3. We made the juice from freshly … orange.
A. squeeze Penyelesaian :
B. squeezed Aktif causative : karena setelah “made/make” diikuti
C. squeezing objek orang. Maka harus diikuti V1
10 SOAL PREDIKSI BAB-10

1. The hiker …. Traveling by trin to going by bus.
A. likes
B. would rather
C. had better
D. prefers
2. She ………. To enjoy watching the movie rather than get out with us to eat dinner in the restaurant.
A. would like
B. would prefer
C. prefers
D. would rather
3. We are going to go on a long trip, so we must….
A. have checked the car
B. have had the car checked
C. have the car to be checked
D. have the car checked
4. The cloth is very dirty so we must get it ….. in a laundry next to grandpa’s house.
A. to wash
B. wash
C. washed
D. washing
5. The woman …..spend her time playing with her kids than go shopping with her neighbors
A. prefers
B. had better
C. would rather
D. likes
6. The manager ……to recruit only new workers rather than hire professionals.
A. would like
B. would rather
C. prefers
D. would prefer
7. The old woman had her shirt …..because she had not enough time to do it herself.
A. iron
B. ironing
C. ironed
D. to iron
8. My sister got her torn dress sewed last week. It means that……
A. Someone had asked my sister to sew her torn dress
B. My sister orders someone to sew her torn dress
C. My sister got her torn dress torn by someone
D. My sister asked someone to sew her torn dress.
KUNCI JAWABAN 10
1. Kunci D
Lihat “to” yang terdapat dalam kalimat, maka pangannya prefers
2. Kunci B
Karna terdapat rather than, maka pasangannya would prefer
3. Kunci D
Pilihan yang benar Cuma opsi D, have + objek benda + V3
4. Kunci A
Get + objek benda + V3
5. Kunci C
Would rather + kata kerja dasar (V1) + THAN + Kata kerja dasar (V1)
6. Kunci D
Would prefer + to V1 + rather than + Infinitive (V1)
7. Kunci C
HAVE + Object (benda) + Verb 3
8. Kunci D
Bila kata kerja causative adalah Verb 2 (HAD), meaning juga harus dalam bentuk past tense
BAB 11 * PRONOUN
** ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTION
*** QUESTION TAGS
* PRONOUN
Adalah kata yang digunakan menggantikan Noun ( kata benda ) atau sesuatu yang dibendakan.
A. Personal Pronoun ( kata ganti orang )

Kata ganti yang menunjukkan orang.
1. Sebagai Subjek
I, You, He, She, It, We, They
2. Sebagai Objeck
Me, You, Him, Her, It, Us, You, Them
B. Possesive Pronoun
Kata ganti yang menunjukkan kepunyaan atau kepemilikan yang berasal dari personal
pronoun ( kata ganti orang ).
1. Sebagai kata sifat (Adj)
My : milik/kepunyaan saya
Your : milik/kepunyaan kamu
His : milik/kepunyaan dia [lk]
Her : milik/kepunyaan dia [pr]
Its : milik/kepunyaan dia [binatang]
Our : milik/kepunyaan kami
Your : milik/kepunyaan kalian
Their : milik/kepunyaan mereka
2. Sebagai kata ganti
Mine : milik/kepunyaanku
Yours : milik/kepunyaanmu
His : milik/kepunyaannya [lk]
Hers : milik/kepunyaannya [pr]
Its : milik/kepunyaannya [binatan]
Ours : milik/kepunyaan kami
Yours : milik/kepunyaan kalian
Theirs : milik/kepunyaan mereka
Contoh :
♦ this is my book
♣ Poss. Kata sifat + Noun ♦ this is mine
♣ Poss.Kata ganti tanpa Noun
C. RepleXive Pronoun
Kata ganti yang menunjukkan bahwa tindakan yang dilakukan oleh subjek akan kembali mengenai
subjek lagi atau kata ganti yang menunjukkan perbuatan yang ditunjukkan pada diri sendiri.
Myself : saya sendiri
Yourself : kamu sendiri
Herself : dia[pr] sendiri
Himself : dia[lk] sendiri
Itself : dia [benda,binatang] sendiri
Ourselves : kami sendiri
Yourself : kalian sendiri
Themselves : mereka sendiri
Contoh :
- The bear hurt itself.
- I will do it myself.
Perhatikan TABLE “hapalan” PRONOUN :
PERSONAL PRONOUN POSSESSIVE REFLEXIVE

( KATA GANTI NAMA ORANG ) BENTUK KEPUNYAAN PRONOUN yang
Adjective Pronou ditujukan
Sebagai Subject Sebagai Object Sebagai kata Sebagai kata Untuk dirinya
Sifat ganti sendiri
I Me My Mine Myself
(saya) (saya) (Milik saya) (Milik saya) (Saya sendiri)
We Us Our Ours Ourselves

(kami) (kami) (Milik kami) (Milik kami) (Kami sendiri)
You You Your Yours Yourself/selves

(engkau) (engkau) (Milikmu) (Milikmu) (Kamu sendiri)
She Her Her Hers Herself

(dia[pr]) (dia[pr]) (Miliknya [pr]) (Miliknya [pr]) (Dia sendiri)
He Him His His Himself

(dia[lk]) (dia[lk]) (Miliknya[lk]) (Miliknya[lk]) (Dia sendiri)
It It Its Its Itself

(itu[benda]) (itu[benda]) (Miliknya) (Miliknya) (Itu sendiri[benda])
They Them Their Theirs Themselves

(mereka) (mereka) (Milik mereka) (Milik mereka) (Mereka)
** ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTION
Adalah penggabungan 2 kalimat setara, dengan mengghilangkan bagian predikat yang sama dari suatu kalimat.
Elliptical construction dapat dibagi dua :
A. Positif ( + ) , penggabungan dua kalimat positif setara.

Rumus :
and Subject + auxiliary + too
and So + auxiliary + subject

Contoh :
1. ♣ She can speak English.

♣ I can speak English
She can speak English and I can too
atau
She can speak English and so can i
2. ♣ Samsul went to the movie

♣ Siska went to the movie
Samsul want to the movie and siska did too
atau
Samsul want to the movie and siska did too
3. Ika is pretty and rini is too
and so is rini
B. Negatif ( - ) , penggabungan dua kalimat positif setara.

Rumus :
and Subject + auxiliary + not either
and Neither + auxiliary + subject
Contoh :
1. Rahmad didn’t like watching the TV and rido didn’t either.

and neither did rido.
2. I can’t speak English and my friend can’t either.
and neither can my friend.
Ingat !!!
Never, seldom, rarely, Hardly, few, little, barely, Nothing,no…
( berpengertian negative )
contoh :
1. Rahmad seldom watchs the TV and rido don’t either.

and neither do rido.
2. He can hardly see us without her glasses and she can’t either.
and neither can she.
C. Gabungan setara berlawanan ( Positif – Negatif ).
Subject 1 + Verb1 + But/while + Subject 2 + do/does not
Subject 1 + Verb2 + But/while + Subject 2 + did not
Subject 1 + auxiliary (Verb) + But/while + Subject 2 + auxiliary not
Subject 1 + auxiliary not (Verb) + But/while + Subject 2 + auxiliary
Contoh :
He always comes late but I don’t
Sandi didn’t come to the meeting yesterday, but she did.
They don’t have to return the book tomorrow, but I do.
QUESTION TAGS
Adalah bentuk pertanyaan berekor yang artinya : iya kan ? / bukan ? / Mau kan ? dll…
A. ATURAN PENULISAN QUESTION TAG

Pernyataan ( + ) => Tag ( - ) ?
1. Pernyataan yang positif, diberi tag yang negative
Ex :
• He is going to come here, isn’t he ?
• She is playing billayard, isn’t she ?
2. Pernyataan yang negative , di beri tag yang positif Pernyataan ( - ) => Tag ( + ) ?
Ex :
• They don’t work hard, do they ?
• Mother won’t be here, will he ?
Ingat !!!
Never, seldom, rarely, Hardly, few, little, barely, Nothing,no…
( berpengertian negative oleh karena itu tag-nya dalam bentuk positif)
Ex :
• You seldom have your hair wash, do you ?
• He never seems to care, does he ?
• She is never late, is she ?
• Nobody is ready, are they ?
3. Kata-kata yang di pakai di akhir Question tag adalah :

I HE THEY
Ex :
YOU SHE THERE
• They don’t work hard, do they ? WE It
• There are two men here, aren’t ?
B. HAL YANG PERLU DI PERHATIKAN
1. Kalimat menggunakan Auxiliary, maka auxiliary nya diulangi lagi pada tag-nya
Ex :
• She can swim, can’t she ? Yg termasuk Auxiliary :
• You will go there, won’t you ? • Tobe ( is, am, are, was,
were,have, has, had )
• They have eaten, haven’t they ?
• Modals ( can,could, may,
• I must go to school, mustn’t I ? might, must,hat to, will, would,
• They haven’t gone there, have they ? shall, should,etc )
• There are two men here, aren’t ?
2. Kalimat tidak mengandung AUXILIARY

Gunakan :
Ex :
• Does = untuk subjek tunggal
• He loves me, doesn’t he ?
• Do = untuk subjek jamak
• They didn’t see us, did they ? • Did = untuk pernyataan
• She went to scool, didn’t he ? negative & untuk semua
subjek
3. Kalimat perintah, tag-nya menjadi “ will you ? ”
Ex : Kalimat perintah biasanya diawali dengan :
• Open the door, will you ? Please, be , don’t , kata kerja dasar
• Don’t open the door, will you ?
• Please don’t run, will you ?
4. Kalimat Himbauan, tag-nya menjadi “ won’t ? ”

Ex :
• Be patient, won’t you ?
• Be careful, won’t you ?
5. Kalimat ajakan , tag-nya menjadi “ shall we ? “

Ex :
• Let’s see the picture, shall we ?
• Let us pay attention to the teacher’s speaking, shall we ?
6. Kalimat positif untuk ‘ I am ‘ , tag-nya harus ‘ aren’t I ‘

Ex :
• I am a engineer, aren’t I ?
• I am a student, aren’t I ?
7. Kalimat dengan subject : everybody, everyone, everything, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one.
Tag-nya menjadi ‘ they ‘
Ex :
• Everbody is ready, aren’t they ?
• Everybody watched the movie, didn’t they ?
8. Hati-hati dengan kata kerja Have / has
Ex :
• My mother has brought the tools, hasn’t she ? ( has sebagai auxiliary karna di
ikuti kata kerja/verb )
• My mother has the tools brought, doesn’t she ? ( has sebagai kata kerja karna di
ikuti kata benda/noun )
CONTOH SOAL :
1. Ira barely sleeps before midnight, and …
A. ita does not neither
B. neither does ita
C. either does ita
D. does not ita either
(USM STAN 2010 : 141)
Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
Kalimat elliptical: karena barely menunjukkan kalimat negative, maka gunakan
Neither + Aux + Subjek atau Subjek + aux + not + either
2. Syamsul Bachri did not sign the contract offered by Gaylang FC, and …
A. Neither did Rommy and Firdaus
B. Either didn’t Rommy and Firdaus
C. Rommy and Firdaus did either
D. Rommy and Firdaus didn’t neither
(USM STAN 2009 : 146)
Kunci : A
Penyelesaian :
Kalimat elliptical: karena not menunjukkan kalimat negative, maka gunakan
Neither + Aux + Subjek atau Subjek + aux + not + either
3. Nothing went wrong when the director was gone , … ?

A. did it
B. didn’t it
C. was it
D. wasn’t it
(USM STAN 2010 : 150)
Kunci : C
Penyelesaian :
Nothing = “ kalimat negative”, maka tagnya bentuk positif.
Dan cari mana induk kalimatnya untuk di jadikan pajuan “tag”-nya
4. Promoting … goods and services, the company salesmen also bid an opportunity to earn some profit.
A. they
B. their
C. its
D. it
(USM STAN 2010 : 129)
Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
Gerund + adj Pronoun.
5. In the meeting, we gave the clients our telephone number, and they gave their
A B C D
(USM STAN 2009 : 157)

Kunci : D
Penyelesaian :
Bentuk possessive adjective tidak bisa berdiri sendiri sehingga yang tepat adalah bentuk relative pronoun
yaitu theirs.
1. She asked me to give her my number and then she would give me her
A B C D
2. It was them who came here last night to tell me about htte accident happening to my uncle.
A B C D
3. Irna and Arman thought that he wouldn’t do it 10. Your father hardly gave anything to the old
to her and … woman, ……?
A. We do too A. did he
B. So we do B. does he
C. We did too C. didn’t he
D. So we did D. doesn’t he
4. The economic background of labor legislation
will not be mentioned in thid course, ….. be 11. The boy’s cut the cake into some pieces, …..?
treated. A. isn’t he
A. trade unionism will not B. hasn’t he
B. neither will trade unionism C. doesn’t
C. nor trade unionism will D. wasn’t he
D. neither trade unionism will 12. He had hardly known anything about Jakarta
5. Natural fiber comes from either animal nor before he went there ………?
plant sources. A. had he
A B C B. hadn’t he
D C. didn’t he
6. Jessica’s mother can’t speak French well, ….. D. would he
A. also my mother
B. and so can my mother
C. my mother doesn’t too
D. and my mother can’t either
7. She’s been an actrees for last two years….?
A. hasn’t she ?
B. isn’t she ?
C. hasn’t her ?
D. isn’t her ?
8. Please, don’t be noisy,……….?
A. do you
B. are you
C. will you
D. won’t you
9. if John wants to borrow somebody’s car, she
can use ……
A. him
B. him car
C. his
D. of his
KUNCI JAWABAN 11
1. Kunci D
Her harus menjadi hers karena menyatakan kepemilikan dan tidak diikuti oleh kata benda
2. Kunci A
Them diubah menjadi they karena setelah TO BE harus Subject, bukan object
3. Kunci C
Merupakan kalimat elliptical : yaitu S + auxiliary + too
4. Kunci B
Bentuk elliptic pada kalimat positif adalah :
Either + S + aux atau Neither + aux + S
Atau S + aux +nor + either
5. Kunci C
Elliptical sentence
Either ….or……
Neither ….. nor …..
6. Kunci D
Untuk kalimat negative, digunakan negative elliptical
7. Kunci A
S + has + V3/been, hasn’t + S ?
8. Kunci C
Merupakan kalimat perintah. Dan selalu tagnya “will you”(lihat di materi)
9. Kunci C
His menyatakan kepemilikan bisa diikuti noun dan bisa juga tidak
10. Kunci A
Hardly adalah penanda negative dan harus menggunakan tag positive
11. Kunci B
The boy’s cut = The boy has cut…………, hasn’t he ?
12. Kunci A
Hardly menandakan bahwa kalimat adalah negative. Kemudian, ada kata Bantu HAD
* DERIVATIVE
BAB 12 ** COMPARISONS &
*** INVERSION
Adalah pembentukan jenis kata baru ( k.benda, k.sifat, k.kerja, k.keterangan )dengan memberikan imbuhan.
A. Pembentukan,
1. Kata benda ( N )
Akhiran pembentuk kata benda.
• ment = government, argument, development
• tion = connection, action, association
• ness = happiness, coldness
• hood = childhood, manhood
• ship = friendship, championship
• ity = activity, reality
• ence, ance, ency = mohammedan, pedestrian, distance, absence
• ic, ics = logic, physics
• ist = artist, industrialist
• ary, aire = millionaire, secretary
2. Kata sifat ( Adj )

Akhiran pembentuk kata sifat,
• ful = beaufiful,
• able / ible = edible, countable
• less = childless, powerless
• ic = economic, bionic
• ive = creative, innovative
• like = childlike
• ical = historical
• ous = dangerous
• ish = childish
• ior = superior
• al = mortal, partial
• ly = womanly, friendly
3. kata kerja ( Verb )

akhiran pembentuk kata kerja
• en = communicate, graduate
• en = widen, sweeten
• fy = clarify, terrify
• ed = worked, wanted
• ize = analyse, centralize
4. kata keterangan ( adverb )
ly = badly, beautifully, creatively

wise = likewise
ward = backward
B. POLA FRASE
Adjective + Noun
Adverb + Verb
Adverb + Adjective
COMPARISONS
1. Positif Degree ( Perbandingan Setara )
Rumus :
contoh :
As + Adjective/ Adverb + As
- She looks as nervous as a brick wall.
The Same + Noun + As - Ana’s salary is the same as a governor’s
Like - Your mother looks just like you.
2. Comparative Degree ( Perbandingan Lebih ).

Rumus :
Contoh :
Adjective/Adverb + er + than - The more expensive the hotel, the better the
Atau service.
- He works more carefully then I do
More + Adjective/Adverb + than - Your garden is more beautiful than mine.
3. Superlative Degree ( Perbandingan Paling )

Rumus :
Contoh :
The + Adjective/Adverb + est
- She is the smartest girl in our school.
Atau
- He works the most carefully among us.
The most + Adjective/Adverb
- It is the least interesting story I’ve ever read.
Atau
The least + Adjective/Adverb
INVERSION
Adalah kalimat yang kata kerja/auxiliary mendahului Subject.
Inversion di gunakan ketika ;
1. Kalimat Tanya langsung

♦ when did the girl buy the book ?
♦ will you invite the man to your wedding party ?
2. Ungkapan NEGATIF di awal kalimat.
♦ Seldom do we have goods returned to us because they are faulty.
♦ Hardly had I got onto the motorway when I saw two police cars following me.
3. Ungkapan Only di awal kalimat.
♦ Olnlythen did she understand what I meant
♦ Lnly after a year did I begin to see the results of my work.
4. Ungkapan Neither, Nor dan so di awal kalimat.
♦ You are so busy and so are they.
♦ My mother doesn’t like smoking, neither do I.
♦ I don’t like sea food. Nor do I.
5. Setelah keterangan tempat di awal kalimat dan keseluruhan kata kerja diletakkan sebelum subjek. “
Do dan Did” tak digunakan.
♦ On the table is a book.
♦ Into the room ran the lady.
♦ In an armchair sat his mother.
CONTOH SOAL :
1. The little girl is taking care of the puppy with …, affection, and kindness.
A. patient
B. patience
C. patiently
D. patients
(USM STAN 2010 : 128)
Kunci : B
Penyelesaian :
With adalah sebuah preposition yang diikuti Gerund/Kata benda.
“ence” adalah sebuah akhiran yang menunjukkan sebuah kata benda (lihat materi derivative)
2. The officially reason for the delay of their flight to Singapore is the bad weather.
A B C D
(USM STAN 2010 : 157)
Kunci : A
Penyelesaian :
The + Noun
Official + ly = adverb
Seharusnya “official”tanpa LY
3. Not only … the best student in his school, but he also receives a scholarship.
A. Markus becomes
B. Did Markus become
C. Does Markus become
D. Markus becoming
(USM STAN 2009 : 132)
Kunci : C
Penyelesaian :
Not only menunjukkan bahwa merupakan kalimat inversion, yaitu sebuah kalimat yang Predikat mendahului
Subject. Does dipilih karna soal merupakan kalimat Present
4. A list of key beliefs of world class performers is the important material in coaching mental …
A. Tough
B. Toughful
C. Toughment
D. Toughness
(USM STAN 2009 : 139)
Kunci : D
Penyelesaian :
POLA FRASE
Mental (adj) + Noun (toughness)
Adjective + Noun
Adverb + Verb
Adverb + Adjective
12 SOAL PREDIKSI BAB-12
1. Hardly the boy told anything to the woman yesterday because of his reluctance
A B C D
2. Only after finishing his master degree the young man will apply for a good position in the prestigious company.
A B C D
3. His …. Fair hair has replaced the dyed blond D. Definition

hair og his age
A. natural 9. I am quite convinced that the student’s hobby
B. naturally …….from mine.
C. nature A. Differs
D. naturalize B. Different
4. The hypothesis was mortally wounded when it C. Difference
couldn’t account for some of nature’s ….. D. Diverse
exceptions. 10. The lessons became……….complicated after the
A. dramatics new teacher explained it to the students
B. dramatical yerterday.
C. dramatic A. Increasingly
D. dramatically B. Increased
5. Those who register …. For classes must pay an C. Increases
additional fee. D. Increase
A. lately 11. He is feeling great……….arter running for more
B. lateness than two hours.
C. latest A. Thirsty
D. late B. Thirstily
6. The victim of the earthquake showed their … to C. Thirstness
the government officials for their help. D. Thirst
A. appreciate 12. ………….you know about me, the more you’ll
B. appreciable admire me. I’m sure of it.
C. appreciation A. The least
D. appreciative B. More
7. As the owner of the company,my father C. When more
believes that it is the best …. To handle the D. The more
account. 13. Of the two story books bought by my father
A. organizing last weekend, in my opinion this one is ……
B. organization A. The most interesting
C. organizational B. The interesting
D. organize C. The one least interesting
8. According to the woman, someone D. The more interesting
will……….succeed if he wishes to devote his 14. At no time……..to play alone around the deep
time to working hard pond.
A. Deginite A. Parents allow
B. Definitely B. Will parents to allow
C. Define C. Do parents allow
D. Parents have allowed
KUNCI JAWABAN 12
1. Kunci A
Hardly di awal kalimat = menandakan sebuah “kalimat inverse”
Hardly + did (auxiliary) + the boy tell (Subject)
2. Kunci B
Only after di awal kalimat = menandakan sebuah “kalimat inverse”
Only after + will (auxiliary) + the young man apply (subject)
3. Kunci B
Fair (adj) + Adverb
POLA FRASE
Adjective + Noun
Adverb + Verb
Adverb + Adjective(bisa dibalik)
4. Kunci C
Exceptions adalah kata benda, maka harus diterangkan oleh kata sifat (daramatic). Pilihan B salah, karena
dramatical tidak ada dalam bahasa inggris.
5. Kunci D
Register adalah kata kerja. Kata yang dapat menerangkan kata kerja adalah adverb of manner. Pilihan A salah
karena Lately adalah adverb of time
6. Kunci C
Setelah kata their harus diikuti oleh noun.(di akhiri –ion)
7. Kunci B
Best (adj) + Noun (akhiran –ion) Lihat materi derivative
8. Kunci B
Diantara kata Bantu dan Kata kerja (verb) harus ADVERB
9. Kunci A
Differ adalah verb dari different. Dalam hal ini, VERB digunakan karena tidak ada TO BE setelah subject.
10. Kunci A
Linking-verb + ADVERB + Adj
11. Kunci D
Great adalah adjective dan memodifikasi noun (kata benda). TRIST yang bermakna rasa haus.
12. Kunci D
POLA DOUBLE COMPARATIVE :
THE + Comparative + S + P, THE + comparative + S + P
13. Kunci D
Of the two + Noun ……………, S + P + THE + comparative.
14. Kunci C
Kalimat inversion : AT NO TIME + Auxiliary + S. jawaban B salah karena WILL tidak diikuti oleh to V1
BAB13
BAB13 *MATERI TAMBAHAN
A. Linking Verbs
Adalah kata kerja yang merangkai kata benda dengan kata-kata yang menjelaskannya, yang
diikuti dengan ADJECTIVE bila tidak memiliki OBJECT.
Yang merupakan Linking Verbs :
Become, fall, get, go, turn, grow

Smell, taste, feel, look, appear, sound, seem
Contoh :
- The food tastes delicious
- John seems fine
- The fish smell bad
B. Penggunaan Another, Other, The other dan The others

1. Another
Untuk benda tunggal yang ‘statusnya Cuma satu’ dan bendanya belum
teridentifikasi/belum jelas.
Contoh :
- I don’t want this book. I want another book
2. Other
Digunakan untuk benda yang ‘statusnya lebih dari satu’ dan bendanya bendanya
belum teridentifikasi/belum jelas.
Contoh :
- These pens are not interesting. I want other ones.
3. The other
Digunakan untuk benda yang ‘statusnya satu’ dan bendanya bendanya sudah
teridentifikasi/jelas.
Contoh :
Saya mempunyai dua mobil. Satu adalah Katana dan yang lainnya adalah Jazz.
Maka
- I have two cars. One is a Katana and the other is a Jazz
4. The others
Digunakan untuk benda yang ‘statusnya lebih dari satu’ dan bendanya sudah
teridentifikasi/jelas.
Contoh :
- There are twenty teachers in this school. Ten are experienced and the others are
not.
ARTICLE
1. Penggunaan “ THE”
a. Kata bendanya sudah pasti satu
Seperti : the moon, the world, the universe, the sun.
b. The sea, the sky, the ground, the country, the radio, the theater, the cinema, the television.
c. The + Adjectives
The rich, The poor, the sick, etc…
d. “The” digunakan untuk alat music
e. “The” digunakan untuk Penemuan dan Jenis mesin/ kendaraan
f. “ The” digunakan untuk kewarganegaraan
contoh : the English, etc…
The tidak digunakam didepan nama-nama :

- Negara tertentu : France, Malaysia
- Benua : Asia
- Danau : Lake Toba
- Kota : Sydney, Jakarta
- Pelajaran : Mathematics, biology
- Agama : Islam, Christianyty, Hindu.

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Kisi-Kisi “MATERI B.

INGGRIS USM STAN 2012/2013”

Rumusnya: Waktu yang sering digunakan :

Rumusnya : Biasanya di ikuti oleh :

4. Present Perfect Continuous

Rumusnya : waktu yang sering digunakan :

- I have been teaching english since last year

Rumusnya : Waktu yang sering digunakan : yesterday, last

Rumusnya : Waktu yang sering digunakan ;

4. Past Perfect Continuous

Rumusnya : Waktu yang digunakan :

3. Present Future Perfect

4. Future Perfect Continuous

1. SOAL PREDIKSI BAB-1

1. … you finished your thesis when she studied in A. influence

Bandingkan kalimat-kalimat berikut: Kalimat aktif : S + V + O

• Aktif : Susi mengetik surat ini kemarin

1. Present : is, am, are

Hal-hal yang perlu diketahui dan diingat

Contoh-contoh kalimat aktif dan pasif

1. Jack sang a song yesterday (active)

1. Jack has sung a song (active)

1. Jack will sing a song (active)

PRESENT ACTIVE PASSIVE

Simple Future S + Will + V1 S + will + be + V3

2. SOAL PREDIKSI BAB-2

1. The secret information … regulary twice a month.

S + tobe +V3 + (by + O)

S + tobe +V3 + (by + O)

SUBJECT TUNGGAL + PREDIKAT TUNGGAL

SUBJECT JAMAK + PREDIKAT JAMAK

Predikat mengikuti Subjek pertama ( S-1)

Predikat mengikuti Subjek kedua ( S-2)

3. SOAL PREDIKSI BAB-3

1. Parallel Structure with Coordinate Conjunction ( and , but , also )

2. A cloud is a dense mass of…… water vapor or rice particles.

3. Ms. Efidrew is a noted programmer ….

4. SOAL PREDIKSI BAB-4

1. Smoking causes disadvantages to health, welfare and …….

5. SOAL PREDIKSI BAB-5

1. We …. Finish our lunch before going back B. must have left

♦ Di bawah ini adalah contoh Kata Depan (Preposition) ♦

Bentuk-bentuk Kata Depan adalah sebagai berikut:

1. Simple Preposition (Kata Depan Tunggal)

• He has gone a-hunting (on hunting)

PREPOSITION DI AKHIR KALIMAT

APA YANG MENGIKUTI KATA DEPAN?

Kata setelah kata depan disebut sebagai "Object of the Preposition".

WHOM SETELAH KATA DEPAN

Gunakan "whom" setelah kata depan

WHETHER SETELAH KATA DEPAN

"whether" dapat diletakkan setelah kata depan:

• A decision about whether the elections were legal is pending.

TIPS Untuk penggunaan : ( in / on / at )

- Cakupan daerah yang luas ( in Bandung, in Padang )

PASANGAN PREPOSITION yang biasanya keluar di USM STAN

(USM STAN 2009 : 153)

(USM STAN 2009 : 154)

(USM STAN 2009 : 159)