Papers by Baldo Marinovic
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per res... more Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503.
California Sea Grant College Program, Jul 30, 2003
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per res... more Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS.
... by Thomas A. Rago, Reiko Michisaki, Baldo Marinovic, Marguerite Blum, and Katherine Whitaker ... more ... by Thomas A. Rago, Reiko Michisaki, Baldo Marinovic, Marguerite Blum, and Katherine Whitaker April 2011 Page 2. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Page 3. ... Oceanographer Margarite Blum Katherine Whitaker Oceanographer Marine Mammal Observer ...
The results of analyses of hydrographic, nutrient, and biological data collected in coastal ocean... more The results of analyses of hydrographic, nutrient, and biological data collected in coastal ocean waters off Central California in November 2007 aboard the NOAA Ship David Starr Jordan are presented in both tabular and graphical form. The cruise departed from and returned to San Francisco, California. After steaming to Monterey Bay, the ship proceeding from Moss Landing, California, along CalCOFI line 67 to station 90, thence to CalCOFI line 60/station 90, and finally along CalCOFI line 60 to Drake's Bay, before returning to San Francisco. Marine mammal observations taken during the cruise are also included.
The results of analyses of hydrographic, nutrient, and biological data collected in coastal ocean... more The results of analyses of hydrographic, nutrient, and biological data collected in coastal ocean waters off Central California in June 2008 aboard the R/V Point Sur are presented in both tabular and graphical form. The cruise departed from and returned to Monterey, California. Because the cruise encountered unusually (for the time of year) heavy weather, scientific operations could only be completed along CalCOFI line 67 from Monterey to station 75, a total of 11 sites. Three more hydrographic stations were completed along the California coast between Monterey and San Francisco, California. Marine mammal observations taken during the cruise are also included.
The results of analyses of hydrographic, nutrient, and biological data collected in coastal ocean... more The results of analyses of hydrographic, nutrient, and biological data collected in coastal ocean waters off Central California in October 2006 aboard the R/V Wecoma (Hoke cruise) and R/V Point Sur (PaCOOS cruise) are presented in both tabular and graphical form. Along with all the data from the PaCOOS cruise, included in this report are also hydrographic data sampled over the last two days of the Hoke cruise at CalCOFI stations between Moss Landing, California, and Point Reyes, California, and along CalCOFI line 60. The PaCOOS cruise departed from Moss Landing and proceeded to Point Reyes following CalCOFI line 67 to station 90, thence to CalCOFI line 60/station 90, and finally along CalCOFI line 60. The cruise then returned to Moss Landing via the course from CalCOFI line 61.75/station 52.5 to CalCOFI Line 65.25/station 52.5, and thence to site H3. The Hoke cruise finished in Redwood City, California, after following a route from Moss Landing via the aforementioned H3/CalCOFI stat...
Bulletin of Marine Science -Miami-
Much like the Cornucopia myth of the 19th and early 20th centuries that the oceans contained limi... more Much like the Cornucopia myth of the 19th and early 20th centuries that the oceans contained limitless and inexhaustible resources, MSY as a management tool simply won't go away, regardless of evidence that 'managing for MSY' has not been effective. The present paper therefore reports an investigation of Ricker's definition of MSY, focusing on words such as "average catch," "continuously taken," and "existing environmental conditions." The investigation involved development of a model for the squid fishery in California, probably the last great open-access fishery on the west coast of the United States. Constructing the model in a step-wise fashion permitted illustration of particular points. Insight from the model leads to a deeper understanding of the definition of MSY, particularly that different methods of averaging and explicitly including risk to the stock in MSY may allow MSY to be used in the context of precautionary fishery mana...
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per res... more Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503.
Progress in Oceanography, 2002
We report results of ecosystem studies in Monterey Bay, California, during the summer upwelling p... more We report results of ecosystem studies in Monterey Bay, California, during the summer upwelling periods, 1996–99, including impacts of El Niño 1997–98 and La Niña 1999. Random-systematic line-transect surveys of marine mammals were conducted monthly from August to November 1996, and from May to November 1997–99. CTDs and zooplankton net tows were conducted opportunistically, and at 10 predetermined locations. Hydroacoustic backscatter was measured continuously while underway to estimate prevalence of zooplankton, with emphasis on euphausiids, a key trophic link between primary production and higher trophic level consumers.The occurrences of several of the California Current’s most common cetaceans varied among years. The assemblage of odontocetes became more diverse during the El Niño with a temporary influx of warm-water species. Densities of cold-temperate Dall’s porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli, were greatest before the onset of El Niño, whereas warm-temperate common dolphins, Delphinus spp., were present only during the warm-water period associated with El Niño. Rorqual densities decreased in August 1997 as euphausiid backscatter was reduced. In 1998, as euphausiid backscatter slowly increased, rorqual densities increased sharply to the greatest observed values. Euphausiid backscatter further increased in 1999, whereas rorqual densities were similar to those observed during 1998. We hypothesize that a dramatic reduction in zooplankton biomass offshore during El Niño 1997–98 led to the concentration of rorquals in the remaining productive coastal upwelling areas, including Monterey Bay. These patterns exemplify short-term responses of cetaceans to large-scale changes in oceanic conditions.
Progress in Oceanography, 2002
Zooplankton abundance and euphausiid community composition were sampled seasonally (spring, summe... more Zooplankton abundance and euphausiid community composition were sampled seasonally (spring, summer, fall) within Monterey Bay, California, between 1997 and 1999. Measurements of sea surface temperature (SST), mixed layer depth, and upwelling indices provided concurrent data on physical oceanographic parameters. Both total zooplankton and krill abundance dramatically declined in the summer of 1997 coincident with a rapid increase in SST and mixed layer depth. Changes in euphausiid community composition occurred in concert with the decline in overall abundance. The relative abundance of the southern neritic Nyctiphanes simplex increased from August to November in 1997, the abundance of cold temperate Euphausia pacifica decreased significantly, and that of the northern neritic Thysanoessa spinifera declined dramatically. The sudden appearance of an adult cohort of N. simplex in July 1997 suggests that rapid poleward flow characteristic of coastally trapped Kelvin waves occurred between June and July of 1997. The persistent presence of warm temperate and subtropical taxa in samples collected between August 1997 and October 1998 indicates that this poleward flow continued in 1998. Zooplankton abundance, euphausiid community composition, and physical oceanographic parameters gradually returned to a more typical upwelling-dominated state in the spring and summer of 1998. E. pacifica and T. spinifera abundances gradually increased during the summer and fall of 1998, while N. simplex abundance abruptly declined in the spring of 1998. However, this recovery was confined to a narrow coastal band as a result of the onshore movement of the oceanic waters of the California Current. This was reflected by higher than normal numbers of the oceanic Nematoscelis difficilis within samples collected during the spring and summer of 1998. By the spring and summer of 1999, both zooplankton and euphausiid abundance had increased to the highest levels recorded during the 3-year study. Both E. pacifica and T. spinifera abundance increased relative to 1998 while N. simplex was completely absent in all samples. These changes reflected the cooler, highly productive environmental conditions associated with the
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2005
Blue whales Balaenoptera musculus meet the highest prey demands of any predator that has ever exi... more Blue whales Balaenoptera musculus meet the highest prey demands of any predator that has ever existed by feeding exclusively upon dense but patchy schools of pelagic euphausiids. We examined the role that seasonally high primary production supported by coastal upwelling combined with topographic breaks off California play in creating, collecting, and maintaining euphausiids at densities sufficient to allow exploitation by whales. We used concurrent ship-and mooringbased oceanographic, hydroacoustic, and net sampling, whale-sighting records, visual surveys, and time-depth recorder deployment to examine temporal and spatial linkages between (1) intensity of upwelling, (2) primary production, (3) development, density and distribution of euphausiids, and (4) the distribution, abundance, and foraging behavior of blue whales in Monterey Bay, California between 1992 and 1996. Blue whales fed exclusively upon adult euphausiids Thysanoessa spinifera and Euphausia pacifica that were larger than those generally available in the Bay. Foraging whales dove repeatedly to dense euphausiid aggregations between 150 and 200 m on the edge of the Monterey Bay Submarine Canyon. Euphausiid aggregations where whales were foraging averaged 153 g m -3 , approximately 2 orders of magnitude greater than mean euphausiid densities in the Bay (1.3 g m -3 ). High euphausiid densities are supported by high primary production between April and August (249 mg C m -3 d -1 ) and a submarine canyon that provides deep water down-current from an upwelling region. Peak euphausiid densities occur in late summer/early fall, lagging the seasonal increase in primary production by 3 to 4 mo. This lag results from the temporal development of euphausiids spawned around the spring increase in primary production and the shoreward collapse of productivity due to decreased upwelling in late summer. The migratory movements of the California blue whale probably reflect seasonal patterns in productivity in other foraging areas similar to those we describe for Monterey Bay.
Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2012
ABSTRACT
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2003
Krill are important grazers on diatoms and critical prey items for many high level carnivores in ... more Krill are important grazers on diatoms and critical prey items for many high level carnivores in Monterey Bay and elsewhere along the California coast. Here, some of the higher level consumers have recently been shown to be severely affected by the toxin, domoic acid (DA), a secondary metabolite of some species of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia. To understand the potential role of krill in vectoring DA from diatoms to large predators, several grazing experiments were conducted. Field-collected Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera were fed on a diet of toxic and nontoxic Pseudo-nitzschia species. Gut evacuation rates of krill and CHN analysis of the algae were obtained concurrently to determine gut residence time and nutritional value of the food. Our results from a short-term (6 h) grazing experiment demonstrated that both E. pacifica and T. spinifera consumed toxic Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries but the responses of the two krill species differed to a degree, with E. pacifica having the higher weight-specific feeding rate. Results from a longer-term (24 h) grazing experiment showed that E. pacifica had a different, interrupted grazing pattern and showed no immediate ill effects when consuming toxic P. multiseries as contrasted with its more constant feeding pattern on non-toxic Pseudo-nitzschia pungens. We show that toxin loads in krill digestive tracts, estimated from feeding rates and gut residence time measured here, match the observed body burdens of DA measured in field-collected krill during toxic blooms. Such data are important for predicting toxin transfer from krill to higher trophic levels during blooms of toxic algae. As an example of this transfer, we show the vulnerability of a krill-feeding seabird, Cassin's 0022-0981/02/$ -see front matter D 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 0 2 2 -0 9 8 1 ( 0 2 ) 0 0 4 9 4 -X Auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) to DA likely vectored by krill during toxic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. D
Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1994
... Baldo Marinovic, Jacobus WTJ Lemmens, and Brenton Knott ... Measurements are given as body le... more ... Baldo Marinovic, Jacobus WTJ Lemmens, and Brenton Knott ... Measurements are given as body length (BL) measured from the anterior margin of the cephalic shield between the eyestalks to the posterior end of the abdomen or telson when differentiated, or carapace length (CL ...
Global Change Biology, 2013
Changes in variance are infrequently examined in climate change ecology. We tested the hypothesis... more Changes in variance are infrequently examined in climate change ecology. We tested the hypothesis that recent high variability in demographic attributes of salmon and seabirds off California is related to increasing variability in remote, large-scale forcing in the North Pacific operating through changes in local food webs. Linear, indirect numerical responses between krill (primarily Thysanoessa spinifera) and juvenile rockfish abundance (catch per unit effort (CPUE)) explained >80% of the recent variability in the demography of these pelagic predators. We found no relationships between krill and regional upwelling, though a strong connection to the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) index was established. Variance in NPGO and related central Pacific warming index increased after 1985, whereas variance in the canonical ENSO and Pacific Decadal Oscillation did not change. Anthropogenic global warming or natural climate variability may explain recent intensification of the NPGO and its increasing ecological significance. Assessing non-stationarity in atmospheric-environmental interactions and placing greater emphasis on documenting changes in variance of bio-physical systems will enable insight into complex climate-marine ecosystem dynamics.
... STEVEN J. BOGRAD, ADRIANA HUYER, ROBERT L. SMITH ARNOLD MANTYLA FRANKLIN B. SCHWING PATRICIA ... more ... STEVEN J. BOGRAD, ADRIANA HUYER, ROBERT L. SMITH ARNOLD MANTYLA FRANKLIN B. SCHWING PATRICIA A. WHEELER ... Monterey, California 93943 Santa Cruz, California 95060 GILBERTO GAXIOLA-CASTRO REGINALDO DURAZO K. DAVID HYRENBACH, ...
A diverse cetacean fauna characterizes the California Current system. Eight mysticete (baleen wha... more A diverse cetacean fauna characterizes the California Current system. Eight mysticete (baleen whale) and twenty-one odontocete (toothed whale) species regularly occur off the west coast of North America. Amidst the mysticetes, blue (Balaenoptera musculus) and humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) have been the focus of intensive telemetry and photo-identification studies to characterize their movements and migrations. These species range over vast areas, and routinely travel thousands of kilometers from summer feeding areas in the California Current to distant wintering grounds at lower latitudes. However, there are no simple migratory patterns for humpback whales between the California Current and the three wintering areas. Similarly, blue whales migrate to the Costa Rica dome, Baja California and the Galapagos Islands. Moreover, researchers have identified distinct feeding aggregations along the west coast of North America, with little or no overlap between distinct regional groups. However, why certain individuals migrate to specific areas remains unknown.
California and the World Ocean '02, 2005
The topic of coastal upwelling brings together a wide variety of scientific problems and societal... more The topic of coastal upwelling brings together a wide variety of scientific problems and societal implications. Long‐studied at larger scales along the California coast, it is now known that wind‐driven upwelling can be a very localized process that is controlled by details of ...
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Papers by Baldo Marinovic