Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), May 1, 2023
Remote and near surface sensing technologies underpin the precision agricultural methods used to ... more Remote and near surface sensing technologies underpin the precision agricultural methods used to manage land productively and sustainably and the archaeological prospection methods used to identify, evaluate, and manage heritage features within that land sustainably and for the public benefit. Users of these technologies and the data they produce are engaged in a shared project, managing agricultural land, but direct collaborations between them remain rare. The disjuncture between individuals and organisations working in these domains has led to data silos and collection of incompatible data, missed opportunities to improve methods through knowledge exchange and technology transfer, and gaps in the knowledge about agricultural soil systems needed for decision making. The ipaast project investigated the extent to which stakeholders in sensing for land management are informed, willing, enabled, and motivated to change their working practices to facilitate collaborations designed to improve outcomes of using sensing data across precision agriculture, agri-environmental management, archaeology, and heritage management. This report presents an assessment of current stakeholder views and identifies opportunities for collaboration around using sensing data for land management, together with key barriers. Funding and Ethics The ipaast-czo project is supported by funding from the British Academy, award number KF5210407, for the project 'Developing a method for studying the Critical Zone: Connecting Archaeological and Precision Agricultural approaches to agrarian landscapes by making their advanced sensing data interoperable'. Some workshops were co-funded through the Soil Health and Soil Heritage Collaboration, funded by the University of Glasgow via a NERC Discipline Hopping Award. Data was collected under the University of Glasgow Research Ethics Protocols-Application # 100200154.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Apr 10, 2023
Remote and near surface sensing technologies underpin the precision agricultural methods used to ... more Remote and near surface sensing technologies underpin the precision agricultural methods used to manage land productively and sustainably and the archaeological prospection methods used to identify, evaluate, and manage heritage features within that land sustainably and for the public benefit. Users of these technologies and the data they produce are engaged in a shared project, managing agricultural land, but direct collaborations between them remain rare. The disjuncture between individuals and organisations working in these domains has led to data silos and collection of incompatible data, missed opportunities to improve methods through knowledge exchange and technology transfer, and gaps in the knowledge about agricultural soil systems needed for decision making. The ipaast project investigated the extent to which stakeholders in sensing for land management are informed, willing, enabled, and motivated to change their working practices to facilitate collaborations designed to improve outcomes of using sensing data across precision agriculture, agri-environmental management, archaeology, and heritage management. This report presents an assessment of current stakeholder views and identifies opportunities for collaboration around using sensing data for land management, together with key barriers. Funding and Ethics The ipaast-czo project is supported by funding from the British Academy, award number KF5210407, for the project 'Developing a method for studying the Critical Zone: Connecting Archaeological and Precision Agricultural approaches to agrarian landscapes by making their advanced sensing data interoperable'. Some workshops were co-funded through the Soil Health and Soil Heritage Collaboration, funded by the University of Glasgow via a NERC Discipline Hopping Award. Data was collected under the University of Glasgow Research Ethics Protocols-Application # 100200154.
The aims of agricultural land management change continuously, reflecting shifts in wider societal... more The aims of agricultural land management change continuously, reflecting shifts in wider societal priorities. Currently, these include addressing the climate crisis, promoting environmental sustainability, and supporting the livelihoods of rural communities while ensuring food security. Working toward these aims requires information on the character of agricultural land and how dynamic processes influence it. Remote and near-surface sensing data are important sources of information on the characteristics of soils, plants, water, topography, and related processes. Sensing data are collected, analysed, and used in decision-making by specialists in multiple domains connected to land management. While progress has been made to connect the use of sensing data across agricultural and environmental applications under the umbrella of integrated sustainable land management, archaeological and heritage uses of these data remain largely disconnected. This creates barriers to accounting for the...
ABSTRACT The capacity to conceptualise and measure time is amongst the most important achievement... more ABSTRACT The capacity to conceptualise and measure time is amongst the most important achievements of human societies, and the issue of when time was “created” by humankind is critical in understanding how society has developed. A pit alignment, recently excavated in Aberdeenshire (Scotland), provides an intriguing contribution to this debate. This structure, dated to the 8th millennium BC, has been re-analysed and appears to possess basic calendrical functions. The site may therefore provide the earliest evidence currently available for “time reckoning” as the pit group appears to mimic the phases of the Moon and is structured to track lunar months. It also aligns on the south east horizon and a prominent topographic point associated with sunrise on the midwinter solstice. In doing so the monument anticipates problems associated with simple lunar calendars by providing an annual astronomic correction in order to maintain the link between the passage of time indicated by the Moon, the asynchronous solar year, and the associated seasons. The evidence suggests that hunter-gatherer societies in Scotland had both the need and ability to track time across the year, and also perhaps within the month, and that this occurred at a period nearly five thousand years before the first formal calendars were created in Mesopotamia.
High-definition laser scanning is becoming increasingly popular within the field of heritage, wit... more High-definition laser scanning is becoming increasingly popular within the field of heritage, with applications ranging from the digital recording and analysis of landscapes to buildings and objects. In some ways the uptake of this technology reflects new ways of addressing old questions, but with the potential for greater accuracy and density of spatial information. Through the exploration of three case studies, this chapter highlights the additional value that laser scanning can bring to heritage applications, with each example showing how the re-tasking of the captured data can result in additional benefits that extend considerably beyond the initial intentions. It is argued that, unlike the results from more conventional survey methods, high-definition laser scan data can exist independently from the original intentions of the survey and that it holds considerable value for addressing previously unimagined possibilities.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), May 1, 2023
Remote and near surface sensing technologies underpin the precision agricultural methods used to ... more Remote and near surface sensing technologies underpin the precision agricultural methods used to manage land productively and sustainably and the archaeological prospection methods used to identify, evaluate, and manage heritage features within that land sustainably and for the public benefit. Users of these technologies and the data they produce are engaged in a shared project, managing agricultural land, but direct collaborations between them remain rare. The disjuncture between individuals and organisations working in these domains has led to data silos and collection of incompatible data, missed opportunities to improve methods through knowledge exchange and technology transfer, and gaps in the knowledge about agricultural soil systems needed for decision making. The ipaast project investigated the extent to which stakeholders in sensing for land management are informed, willing, enabled, and motivated to change their working practices to facilitate collaborations designed to improve outcomes of using sensing data across precision agriculture, agri-environmental management, archaeology, and heritage management. This report presents an assessment of current stakeholder views and identifies opportunities for collaboration around using sensing data for land management, together with key barriers. Funding and Ethics The ipaast-czo project is supported by funding from the British Academy, award number KF5210407, for the project 'Developing a method for studying the Critical Zone: Connecting Archaeological and Precision Agricultural approaches to agrarian landscapes by making their advanced sensing data interoperable'. Some workshops were co-funded through the Soil Health and Soil Heritage Collaboration, funded by the University of Glasgow via a NERC Discipline Hopping Award. Data was collected under the University of Glasgow Research Ethics Protocols-Application # 100200154.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Apr 10, 2023
Remote and near surface sensing technologies underpin the precision agricultural methods used to ... more Remote and near surface sensing technologies underpin the precision agricultural methods used to manage land productively and sustainably and the archaeological prospection methods used to identify, evaluate, and manage heritage features within that land sustainably and for the public benefit. Users of these technologies and the data they produce are engaged in a shared project, managing agricultural land, but direct collaborations between them remain rare. The disjuncture between individuals and organisations working in these domains has led to data silos and collection of incompatible data, missed opportunities to improve methods through knowledge exchange and technology transfer, and gaps in the knowledge about agricultural soil systems needed for decision making. The ipaast project investigated the extent to which stakeholders in sensing for land management are informed, willing, enabled, and motivated to change their working practices to facilitate collaborations designed to improve outcomes of using sensing data across precision agriculture, agri-environmental management, archaeology, and heritage management. This report presents an assessment of current stakeholder views and identifies opportunities for collaboration around using sensing data for land management, together with key barriers. Funding and Ethics The ipaast-czo project is supported by funding from the British Academy, award number KF5210407, for the project 'Developing a method for studying the Critical Zone: Connecting Archaeological and Precision Agricultural approaches to agrarian landscapes by making their advanced sensing data interoperable'. Some workshops were co-funded through the Soil Health and Soil Heritage Collaboration, funded by the University of Glasgow via a NERC Discipline Hopping Award. Data was collected under the University of Glasgow Research Ethics Protocols-Application # 100200154.
The aims of agricultural land management change continuously, reflecting shifts in wider societal... more The aims of agricultural land management change continuously, reflecting shifts in wider societal priorities. Currently, these include addressing the climate crisis, promoting environmental sustainability, and supporting the livelihoods of rural communities while ensuring food security. Working toward these aims requires information on the character of agricultural land and how dynamic processes influence it. Remote and near-surface sensing data are important sources of information on the characteristics of soils, plants, water, topography, and related processes. Sensing data are collected, analysed, and used in decision-making by specialists in multiple domains connected to land management. While progress has been made to connect the use of sensing data across agricultural and environmental applications under the umbrella of integrated sustainable land management, archaeological and heritage uses of these data remain largely disconnected. This creates barriers to accounting for the...
ABSTRACT The capacity to conceptualise and measure time is amongst the most important achievement... more ABSTRACT The capacity to conceptualise and measure time is amongst the most important achievements of human societies, and the issue of when time was “created” by humankind is critical in understanding how society has developed. A pit alignment, recently excavated in Aberdeenshire (Scotland), provides an intriguing contribution to this debate. This structure, dated to the 8th millennium BC, has been re-analysed and appears to possess basic calendrical functions. The site may therefore provide the earliest evidence currently available for “time reckoning” as the pit group appears to mimic the phases of the Moon and is structured to track lunar months. It also aligns on the south east horizon and a prominent topographic point associated with sunrise on the midwinter solstice. In doing so the monument anticipates problems associated with simple lunar calendars by providing an annual astronomic correction in order to maintain the link between the passage of time indicated by the Moon, the asynchronous solar year, and the associated seasons. The evidence suggests that hunter-gatherer societies in Scotland had both the need and ability to track time across the year, and also perhaps within the month, and that this occurred at a period nearly five thousand years before the first formal calendars were created in Mesopotamia.
High-definition laser scanning is becoming increasingly popular within the field of heritage, wit... more High-definition laser scanning is becoming increasingly popular within the field of heritage, with applications ranging from the digital recording and analysis of landscapes to buildings and objects. In some ways the uptake of this technology reflects new ways of addressing old questions, but with the potential for greater accuracy and density of spatial information. Through the exploration of three case studies, this chapter highlights the additional value that laser scanning can bring to heritage applications, with each example showing how the re-tasking of the captured data can result in additional benefits that extend considerably beyond the initial intentions. It is argued that, unlike the results from more conventional survey methods, high-definition laser scan data can exist independently from the original intentions of the survey and that it holds considerable value for addressing previously unimagined possibilities.
Archaeological Prospection. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection, 2013
Stonehenge occupies one of the richest archaeological landscapes in the world, recorded in the co... more Stonehenge occupies one of the richest archaeological landscapes in the world, recorded in the course of intensive archaeological and antiquarian research over several hundred years, yet much of this landscape effectively remains terra incognita. The Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Project aims to address current limitations and gaps in our knowledge and understanding of the Stonehenge landscape by conducting a cutting-edge geophysical and remote sensing survey at an unprecedented scale -to encompass a large portion of the World Heritage Site -with a projected total survey area of about 10 square kilometres. This is possible only because of the unique expertise and combined resources of the project partners, the Visual and Spatial Technology Centre (VISTA) at the Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity, University of Birmingham, and the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection & Virtual Archaeology (LBI ArchPro) in Vienna.
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Papers by Eamonn Baldwin